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Biomedical subjects

D C Davis

Publications and source records attributed to D C Davis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Elevation of plasma salsolinol sulfate in chronic alcoholics as compared to nonalcoholics.

This report describes a radioenzymatic assay for the measurement of salsolinol and dopamine sulfate levels in plasma. It is based on a sulfatase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the sulfoconjugates followed by catechol-O-methyltransferase and [methyl-3H]-S-adenosylmethionine-catalyzed O-methylation of the resulting free salsolinol and dopamine. Rapid thin-layer chromatographic separation of the formed labeled metabolites attributed to the specificity of the differential enzymatic assay of salsolinol and dopamine. This assay was used to study plasma salsolinol and dopamine levels in a group of adult males (n = 36) serving as controls and a group of hospitalized chronic alcoholics (n = 18). The results (mean and range) of this preliminary study show that alcoholics had significantly (p less than 0.0001) elevated plasma concentration of salsolinol sulfate (497; 50-1331 pg/ml) as compared to controls (93; 0-232 pg/ml). This was accompanied by significant (p less than 0.0003) elevation in plasma levels of dopamine sulfate. Elevation of plasma salsolinol sulfate reported here may be interpreted as a reflection of abnormalities in oxidative metabolism of dopamine, metabolically derived acetaldehyde, and/or biological carbonyls in chronic alcoholics.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Temporal arteritis with giant cell aortitis, coronary arteritis, and myocardial infarction.

Extracranial giant cell arteritis occurs in 10% to 15% of patients with temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica. Aorta and its major branches are most often involved and death may result from an unsuspected ruptured aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection. Involvement of coronary arteries by giant cell arteritis resulting in death from myocardial infarction is extremely rare. This article describes one such case: an 84-year-old man who died of acute myocardial infarction with the unexpected autopsy finding of giant cell aortitis and coronary arteritis, and who, three years earlier, had sudden onset of bilateral blindness and biopsy-proven temporal arteritis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

"Flaming" plasma cells in a dog with IgA multiple myeloma.

Multiple Myeloma with "flaming" plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow was found in an 8-year-old Shetland sheepdog. Immuno-electrophoresis results indicated that the myeloma protein was IgA. Flaming plasma cells frequently have been associated with human IgA myeloma.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Recovery of microorganisms from synovial and pleural fluids of animals using hyperosmolar media.

L-phase (CWD) broth and plate media were used in parallel with conventional microbiological media during a 3-year period for culturing synovial and pleural fluids of animals. Two kinds of recoveries were obtained where parallel conventional methods were negative: (1) parent or normal bacteria, in very low numbers; and (2) Type B CWD variants in equally low numbers. Organisms in group 1 were: Streptococcus zooepidemicus from horses (2x); beta-hemolytic streptococci, Lancefield Gp. G (2x); Staphylococcus aureus; Actinobacillus, and Actinomyces viscosus. Group 2 consisted of Bacteroides sp., Propionibacterium acnes, and three "Nocardia-like" sp. Catalase + Actinomyces was not recovered equally well on CWD plates as on conventional media with fluids obtained during ampicillin treatment. This occurred in spite of the fact that the CWD media was shown to support growth and reversion of laboratory induced L-phase variants of Nocardia caviae and N. asteroides, and had facilitated recovery of a Bacteroides L-phase variant from a pleural fluid. The nature of this fault in the media is under investigation in this laboratory.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1980

A new isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase associated with sickle cell hemoglobin.

Electrophoretic fractionation of lactate dehydrogenase in the cytoplasm of red blood cells containing various types of hemoglobin has revealed a sixth isoenzyme occurring regularly in individuals in whom the major part of the hemoglobin is of the sickle cell type. The newly discovered fraction occurs between the normally present third and fourth components. This discovery marks the first time that an additional lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme has been found in connection with a clinical abnormality. The isoenzyme may serve as a genetic and clinical marker.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1979

Experience of a sickle cell screening program in Baltimore.

The hemoglobinopathies constitute a major medical problem in the black community of Baltimore. A sickle cell service should be designed to discover, educate, and, if necessary, treat. Screening is sound preventive medicine and may serve to introduce the patient to the concept of continuing medical surveillance. The prevention of serious complications in patients with the more severe types of hemoglobinopathy should be a basic goal in the program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Chapel thoughts.

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Christianity↗
PubMed1977

The value of phenobarbital in the child who has had a single febrile seizure: a controlled prospective study.

A group of 355 children who were seen after a first febrile convulsion at the Kaiser Foundation Foundation Hospitals in Southern California from 1970 to 1975 were randomly assigned to three treatment groups-daily phenobarbital, "intermittent" phenobarbital given at the onset of fever, and no phenobarbital. We found that 42% had a relative with a febrile seizure and 16% a relative with an afebrile convulsion. 13% had seizures which were either lateralized or longer than ten minutes. Parents were unaware of the fever prior to the seizure in about 30% of the cases. In 81% the preseizure duration of fever was less than 24 hours. The mean follow-up was 28 months, with a range of 6 to 70 months. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between children receiving "intermitent" as compared with no phenobarbital. The recurrence rate in children receiving daily phenobarbital was significantly decreased compared to either of the other two groups. Severe recurrent febrile seizures occurred in no children on daily phenobarbital and in 4.4% of the children receiving either intermittent or no phenobarbital. Parental resistance, compliance, and reversible hyperactivity were the main problems encountered with the continuous phenobarbital regimen.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

Interactions between narcotic analgesics and benzodiazepine derivatives on behavior in the mouse.

Interactions between the benzodiazepine derivatives, diazepam and oxazepam, and the narcotic analgesics, morphine and methadone, were evaluated on locomotor activity and in the tail-flick and hot-plate tests for analgesia in the mouse. The dose-related stimulation of locomotor activity by morphine was reduced by diazepam and oxazepam at doses which alone had no effect on locomotor activity. However, only oxazepam reduced the dose-related stimulation of locomotor activity by methadone. The observed decreases produced by diazepam and oxazepam were comparable in magnitude to those produced by naloxone. Stimulation of locomotor activity by d-amphetamine was not affected by either diazepam or oxazepam. Dose-response curves for locomotor activity were also determined with morphine and methadone administered intraventricularly. As before, diazepam and naloxone given i.p. decreased the stimulation of locomotor activity produced by morphine, but only naloxone affected methadone-stimulated locomotor activity. Neither diazepam, oxazepam nor naloxone reduced the brain or plasma levels of 3H-morphine or 3H-methadone. In contrast to the results on locomotor activity, neither of these benzodiazepines significantly modified the dose-response curves of morphine or methadone in either test for analgesia. The mechanisms involved in the observed interactions on locomotor activity may be related to the influences of benzodiazepines and narcotic analgesics on motor efferent pathways summating in such a manner as to interfere with the ability of the mice to locomote. The present results demonstrate that prominent interactions occur between members of the benzodiazepine and narcotic analgesic classes; these interactions are dependent upon both the specific combination of drugs administered and upon the test procedure.

Analgesics, Opioid↗