Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Beck.
A severe case of starch peritonitis is presented where surgical intervention and resection of the major granuloma abruptly improved the patient's condition. The theoretical basis of the syndrome and the treatment are discussed.
Immunization of a BALB/c mouse with cells from the human neuroblastoma line LAN-1 and fusion of the spleen cells with mouse myeloma cells, NS-1, led to the production of a monoclonal antibody (Mab) with a rather unique reactivity for neuroblastoma. This Mab, named 5 A7, detects an antigen of an apparent molecular weight of 65,000-67,000, localized mainly in the cytoplasm and released into culture medium, as revealed by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting experiments. By immunoperoxidase staining using a biotin-avidin technique, Mab 5 A7 demonstrates a restrictive staining for neuroblastoma cell lines. Following extensive testing on freshly frozen specimens of neuroblastoma and other tumors, Mab 5 A7 shows a highly selective reactivity for neuroblastomas (13 of 14) and some cells of one primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ependymoblastoma). No reactivity could be detected with Mab 5 A7 on the 57 other tumor tissues tested. Among the normal fetal or adult tissue specimens tested, positive staining is found only on adult brain, colonic crypts, some renal tubules, and fetal medulla of the adrenal gland. Among bone marrow specimens tested, only those infiltrated by neuroblastoma cells gave a positive staining. Normal or malignant hematopoietic cells showed no reactivity with Mab 5 A7. Our results with Mab 5 A7 suggest that this reagent not only provides a valuable probe for the immunohistological diagnosis of neuroblastoma on fresh tumor specimens but also allows the detection of bone marrow infiltration by neuroblastoma cells.
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Severe cyclic dysmenorrhoea in a young woman with a unilateral abdominopelvic mass terminating in a purpuric bulge in the lateral vaginal wall, and resulting in renal agenesis ipsilateral to the pelvic mass, suggests uterus didelphys with unilaterally imperforate vagina. A report of two cases, their diagnostic and therapeutic approach and review of the literature are presented.
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2 Cases of mixed mesodermal tumor of the ovary with elevated peripheral levels of alpha-fetoprotein (alpha-FP) were studied. The morphology of these tumors is presented. The finding of hyaline droplets of alpha-FP is of special interest. The histogenesis of the tumor was reappraised in light of the increased level of the marker.
A total of 95 patients had 150 parametrial biopsies with all patients receiving follow-up for a period of 2-10 yr. The analysis of these patients revealed that needle biopsy was successful in differentiating between recurrent, persistent, and/or radiation changes in 97% of the patients. The biopsy was helpful in planning definitive treatment and follow-up in 93% of the patients with minimal complications. This study suggests that parametrial needle biopsy is very useful for diagnosis of persistent and/or recurrent carcinoma of the pelvis and carries minimal complications.
In rats diuresis was produced by 1. furosemide (5 mg/kg/s.c.), 2. triamterene (50 mg/kg/p.o.), 3. mannitol (250 microliters, 30%) and 4. change (+ 35 mm Hg) in perfusion pressure in the isolated perfused rat kidney. In all experiments a prolonged increase in diuresis and natriuresis was effected. Urinary potassium excretion was markedly enhanced by furosemide and change in perfusion pressure, moderately increased by mannitol, and significantly depressed by triamterene. Urinary kallikrein excretion, however, showed in all of the experiments a biphasic course with an initial increase and secondary decrease. The increase of kallikrein excretion was observed only in the periods when urine flow started to increase. Thus, no correlation was found between kallikrein excretion and either urine volume or urinary sodium excretion. Kallikrein excretion correlated with potassium excretion in urine after furosemide, triamterene, and mannitol, however, it did not after increase in perfusion pressure. In renal cortical tissue kallikrein activity was reduced after all experiments, independently of the mechanisms, diuresis was induced.
The spectrum of the pharmacological activities of N-L-phenylalanyl L-2-amino-1-phenylpropane (13), the most active representative of the investigated L-N-phenylalanyl-beta-phenylalkylamines 11-20, comprises adrenergic (noradrenaline potentiation on the vas deferens of the rat, tetrabenazine antagonism in the mouse), as well as cholinergic blocking (acetylcholine antagonism on the jejunum of the rat, oxotremorine antagonism in the mouse, anti-aggressive activity in isolated mice) and localanesthetic properties (inhibition of conduction in the ventricular strip of the frog heart) as described for antidepressants. In its pharmacological behavior 13 meets rather an antidepressant than a psychotonic drug. The conception of a partial metabolic liberation of the latent amphetamine component in 13 and a certain contribution of amphetamine to the effect of 13 is supported by the fact that at higher dosages a shortening of the hexobarbital narcosis and an increase of the spontaneous activity in mice is seen.
Dihydralazine (0.1 mg/kg), injected intravenously into male Sprague-Dawley rats, caused a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure and an increase in renal plasma flow, while urine volume remained unchanged. Dihydralazine had no effect on kallikrein excretion in the urine and on kallikrein activity in the renal cortex. No correlation was found between renal kallikrein and either renal plasma flow or mean arterial blood pressure. The excretion of kinins in the urine rose markedly after the administration of dihydralazine; no correlation between urinary kinins and urinary or renal kallikrein was observed. Dihydralazine had no influence on the kininogen content of blood-free renal cortex. The enzymatic activity of kininase II in renal cortex was not impaired by dihydralazine. It is suggested that the increased formation of kinins within the kidney could be involved in the vasodilating and blood pressure lowering effect of dihydralazine.
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Pleomorphic, enveloped, virus-like particles were detected by electron microscopy in the stools of symptomatic infants during an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness in a neonatal intensive-care unit. To determine the incidence of virus-like particles in the stool and their relation to gastrointestinal symptoms, eight surveys of stools for the particles were conducted over 40 weeks. The incidence of virus-like particles in the stool decreased from 69% to less than 10% over the study period. Most infants surveyed were premature; overall, 32 (36%) of 88 neonates were positive for virus-like particles. Statistically significant associations were found between virus-like particles in the stool and gastrointestinal symptoms within one week of each survey. These symptoms included water-loss stools, blood in the stool, gastric retention, bilious gastric aspirates, and abdominal distention. Several infants with virus-like particles whose mothers had gastrointestinal or "flu-like" symptoms before delivery were identified in the community (not part of the survey study).
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1. Osmotic diuresis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by a 30% (w/v) mannitol solution injected three times at 15-min intervals. Kallikrein excretion increased for a short period after the first two injections, but, despite marked diuresis, the increment of kallikrein excretion after the second injection was less marked than after the first and no enhanced kallikrein excretion was observed after the third injection of mannitol. 2. Urinary kallikrein excretion correlated only with urinary potassium excretion. No correlation was found with either urine volume or urinary sodium excretion. 3. At the end of the osmotic diuresis kallikrein activity was significantly reduced both in the urine and in the renal cortex. At that time plasma aldosterone concentration was slightly greater in the mannitol-treated than that in the control group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. 4. In this experiment no relationship was observed between the activity of the renal kallikrein-kinin system and the plasma aldosterone concentration. 5. The transient increase in urinary kallikrein excretion is interpreted as a wash-out effect of renal kallikrein, which is followed by a diminished kallikrein activity in urine and in renal cortex.