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Biomedical subjects

D Barlow

Publications and source records attributed to D Barlow.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Molecular modelling of the structures of endothelin antagonists. Identification of a possible structural determinant for ET-A receptor binding.

Computer-aided molecular modelling of the endothelin (ET-A) receptor antagonists, BQ-123 and BE-18257B, shows that they have very similar 3D structures. Parts of their 3D structures are also shown to match closely with that reported for residues 6-8 in endothelin-1. On the basis of these similarities (and with supporting evidence from literature data on endothelin structure-activity relationships) a structural determinant is proposed for ET-A receptor binding, and novel designs of peptide are suggested for providing more potent and selective ET-A receptor antagonists.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Use of nonoxynol-9.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

HRT: an analysis of benefits, risks and costs.

A cost-effectiveness analysis of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was undertaken to assess the relative benefits of different treatment strategies, and to identify which factors most influence cost-effectiveness. The current lack of conclusive evidence on the effects of HRT, especially in relation to combined therapy and cardiovascular disease, necessitated the use of a large number of assumptions in our model. In terms of net health benefits, the potential reduction in cardiovascular disease would have greatest impact, and would overshadow any small increase in breast cancer risk possibly associated with long-term use. Net expenditure by the NHS will depend critically on the direct costs of treatment, rather than on any indirect costs incurred or averted as a result of side-effects. In terms of cost-effectiveness, long-term prophylactic treatment of hysterectomised women and treatment of symptomatic women with a uterus compare favourably with other accepted health care interventions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Definitions of secondary depression: effects on comorbidity and outcome in anxiety disorders.

The impact of different definitions of secondary depression on comorbidity and treatment outcome findings in anxiety disorder patients was examined by reviewing existing studies. Few data were found specifically on alternative definitions of secondary depression. However, other relevant findings yielded several conclusions: (a) different definitions of depression dramatically affect comorbidity findings, (b) widely divergent comorbidity findings are obtained in studies that use the same (temporal) definition of secondary depression, (c) few data exist on how different definitions of depression affect treatment outcome findings for anxiety disorders, and (d) some data show that patients' reports of whether or not their depressive symptoms temporally followed their anxiety symptoms are unreliable, suggesting that investigators who want to study secondary depression need to first determine that they have a reliable way to assess it.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed1991

Three linked myosin heavy chain genes clustered within 370 kb of each other show independent transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation during differentiation of a mouse muscle cell line.

We have examined myosin heavy chain gene transcription in the mouse muscle cell line C2/7 under different culture conditions. Gene-specific probes for embryonic (MHCemb), perinatal (MHCpn), and adult (MHCIIB) MHC sequences were used in nuclear run-on experiments, and transcriptional levels compared with cytoplasmic RNA accumulation of the transcripts during muscle cell differentiation. Transcripts are not detectable in myoblasts. These three MHC genes are physically linked within 370 kb of each other. However, they are not activated coordinately, but show independent transcriptional regulation as muscle cells differentiate into myotubes and as myotubes mature in culture. Post-transcriptional mechanisms also regulate cytoplasmic RNA accumulation of these MHC genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The effects of twice and four times daily zidovudine on p24 antigenaemia in CDC stage II/III patients.

Reduction of HIV p24 antigenaemia by zidovudine was investigated in 34 HIV antibody-positive, asymptomatic patients in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Zidovudine was shown to lower p24 antigen levels as effectively when administered twice daily as when administered four times daily. Serum levels of p24 antigen varied little over 18 weeks in patients taking placebo.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ectopic pregnancy after luteal phase initiation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog before in vitro fertilization.

Three patients had an undetected pregnancy when they commenced a GnRH-a on the 21st day of their cycle before ovulation stimulation for IVF. Two of the three pregnancies were later diagnosed as ectopic gestations. Based on this and previous case reports in the literature, it is suggested that luteal phase administration of GnRH-a may predispose to EPs, particularly in patients with damaged tubes, by reducing tubal motility secondary to a transient increase in circulating P concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Liver abnormality in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potentially fatal condition associated with the therapeutic induction of ovulation in infertility. Liver function abnormality has been previously reported in four patients, one of whom had ultrastructural abnormalities on liver biopsy. This paper describes a patient presenting with severe OHSS 16 days after ovulation had been induced. Liver function abnormality was apparent 11 days later, with a sustained rise in alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) which lasted up to 2 months. A liver biopsy performed during the second month of her protracted hospital admission showed marked zonal fatty change (acinar zone 1) and associated inflammation, with mitochondrial crystalline inclusions and rough endoplasmic reticulum dilatation on electron microscopy. This report discusses the clinical features and possible aetiological factors.

Adult↗