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Biomedical subjects

D Alfani

Publications and source records attributed to D Alfani.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Monitoring of NK-1 and NK-15 subsets and natural killer activity in kidney transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine.

NK-1, NK-15 subsets and natural killer (NK) activity were studied in 13 patients, before undergoing renal transplantation and in the post-transplant period. Pretransplant there was a significant reduction of NK activity with a defect in Vmax capacity in all patients. NK-1+ and NK-15+ cell number was normal or slightly increased in all subjects. Post-transplant evaluation under cyclosporine immunosuppression showed a quantitative reduction in NK cells while no changes in NK activity and killing activity have been seen. We conclude that in spite of a numerical decrease, NK activity was not affected by cyclosporine treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Differential diagnosis of rejection and cyclosporin nephrotoxicity in organ transplantation using exfoliative urinary cytology].

Although the successful results sealing with Cyclosporin therapy in organ transplantation, side effects such as nephrotoxicity due to drug administration, are still partially solved especially concerning differential diagnosis versus rejection in kidney allograft. On this basis the authors evaluated the application of urinary exfoliative cytology for the monitoring of 110 patients who underwent kidney transplant under Cyclosporin regimen. Among them 33 cases showed direct and/or indirect cytopathic signs of nephrotoxicity induced by Cyclosporin, never observed on over 6000 urinary specimens of renal graphed patients treated with conventional therapy. The authors conclude that urinary exfoliative cytology is a useful, safe and easily repeatable method for the differential diagnosis between rejection and Cyclosporin nephrotoxicity at early stage in kidney transplantation.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1985

[Incidence of Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Candida sp. in a high-risk population].

Since infections represent one of the greatest complications in immunocompromised hosts, our group, concerned with bacteriological monitoring, has applied its attention to microorganisms such as Pseudomonas sp, Staphylococcus sp and Candida sp. Pseudomonas sp strains have been identified using conventional techniques and the API system 20 NE. According to Varaldo's scheme, Staphylococci sp have been divided into six "lyogroup" and then, the typing of Candida sp has been checked by cultural and biochemical tests. The results obtained have demonstrated that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa species is prevalent not only in the urinary tract but also in the respiratory tract. As for the Staphylococci sp, the VI lyogroup showed the greatest percentage of strains and than, as regards Candida sp it has been possible to observe that, over a given period, the percentage of pluricontamination has been almost constant.

Candida↗
PubMed1984

[Pulmonary infectious complications caused by cytomegalovirus in clinical kidney transplantation].

Infections constitute one of the main complications in organ allografts because of the immunosuppression status of the patient due to the own disease and the reduction of the immunoresponse dealing with the immunosuppressive therapy. Moreover the bacterial, micotic and parasitic infections show a lower incidence while viral infections affect more frequently the patients. On these basis the AA, report their experience on 162 kidney allografts with particular reference to cytomegalovirus pulmonary infections observed in nine patients. Five patients died of acute respiratory insufficiency while in three cases a complete resolution of the clinical picture has been observed. Finally one case underwent the association of pulmonary infection and irreversible graft failure due to rejection. The AA. conclude that the cytomegalovirus pulmonary infection is particularly riskfull in the non immunocompetent patients and stress the potent effect of the high titer specific immunoglobulins to prevent such often lethal complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical renal transplantation: exfoliative urinary cytology in the evaluation of nephrotoxicity induced by cyclosporin therapy].

Cyclosporine significantly improved the results in organ allograft, nevertheless the drug's potential nephrotoxicity is still causative of problems in differential diagnosis between rejection and graft failure due to Cyclosporine in patients who undergo kidney transplantation. The authors evaluate the effectiveness of a simple method as Urinary Exfoliative Cytology (UEC) in a group of 38 patients who received a kidney allograft and post operative treatment with Cyclosporine. The cytological parameters studied were the following: cytology: cellularity, background, urotelial cells, tubular cells, red cells, polinuclear cells, monocytes, histyocytes, lymphocytes, plasmacells, casts (from 0 to 4+). In all the patients was associated the immunological evaluation--lymphocytes subpopulation markers and function--and Cyclosporine serum levels, together with the hematochemical parameters. In 6 patients with a rise of serum creatinine level the UEC evidentiated intracytoplasmatic eosinophile inclusions in the proximal tubular cells, picture never observed in over 5000 UEC examination of patients treated with post-transplant steroids and azathioprine immunosuppressive regimen. Moreover a complete renal function recovery followed the Cyclosporine dose reduction. The authors conclude that the UEC in kidney allograft is a safe, simple and useful method to assess the early renal damage due to Cyclosporine and to make differential diagnosis between nephrotoxicity and rejection.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1983

[Laboratory diagnosis in clinical renal transplants. II. Exfoliative urinary cytology in non-immunologic complications].

5,800 exfoliative cytology smears have been studied during the period 1979-1982. The study was performed as part of the monitoring in a group of patients who underwent kidney transplant at the II Patologia Speciale Chirurgica, University of Rome (Italy). Cytological findings related to non-immunological complications in the first postoperative period are described and discussed in detail. The urinary exfoliative cytology method in the differential diagnosis among ATN, ischemic tubular necrosis and viral infections, tested by sequentially repeated examinations, could allow a prompt diagnosis before the evidence of clinical and hematochemical signs of renal damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Laboratory diagnosis in clinical renal transplants. III. Exfoliative urinary cytology in immunologic complications].

The authors summarize their experiences on cytological monitoring in kidney allografts performed at II Patologia Speciale Chirurgica, University of Rome (Italy), during the period 1979-1982. The different aspects of the urinary exfoliative cytology dealing with the post transplant immunological complications, and the differential cytomorphological criteria are described in detail. A good correlation among cytological, immunological and clinical parameters has been observed in 78% of the examined patients. Moreover the cytological findings allowed in 90% of cases an early diagnosis of rejection, increasing the possibility to successfully prevent an irreversible damage of the graft.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Laboratory diagnosis in kidney transplants. I. Exfoliative urinary cytology].

Clinical microscopy is a worthwhile method to monitor patients with kidney transplants. The authors describe their experience in 5,800 urinary cytological specimens. The study includes several methods of collecting, processing and staining of the specimens, showing the different cytological pictures: background, hematopoietic-inflammatory cells, renal epithelial cells and casts.

Cytodiagnosis↗
PubMed1979

[Rupture of the transplanted kidney].

Five cases of kidney grafts followed by rupture are described. The explanation of the syndrome accompanying such an occurrence is deduced from personal observations as well as from literature data. As a matter of fact, the aetiopathology of this syndrome cannot be with an isolated cause, for several multifactorial immunological and non-immunological components may be involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. Experience in 366 cases].

The surgical techniques adopted in performing 366 a-v fistulas for hemodialysis in 346 patients over ten years' experience are presented. A survey of the results obtained is then made as well as the evaluation of the same, based upon functional and clinical parameters. The technical details sometimes adopted, the occlusions and the principles drawn out for personal experience in this field are described.

Adolescent↗