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Biomedical subjects

C Zielinski

Publications and source records attributed to C Zielinski.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Breast-preserving treatment of breast carcinoma].

Based on our 14-year experience with breast-preserving treatment of breast cancer, we recommend limited surgical intervention for the removal of a small mammary carcinoma under the proviso that adequate radiotherapy is available and that the patient can be thoroughly followed up. We are convinced that the good cosmetic result and especially the excellent psychological reaction are particularly important in order that women lose their fear of an ablative operation. Only then, by performing an operation which is not excessive at the earliest possible time can the prognosis of this type of carcinoma, which is increasing be improved.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Serum osteocalcin levels in breast cancer patients.

The serum levels of osteocalcin, a 49-amino-acid bone-matrix protein, which is a biochemical parameter of bone formation, were measured in 61 patients with breast cancer. Breast cancer patients were subdivided as follows: (a) Patients in complete remission; (b) patients with visceral metastases (without bone metastases); (c) patients with bone metastases (with or without visceral metastases). Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly higher in patients with bone metastases than in patients in complete remission (P less than 0.005). When osteocalcin levels of patients with bone metastases were compared with those of an age-matched control group, serum osteocalcin levels were higher in the patients with bone metastases; however, the differences did not reach statistical significance. Serum osteocalcin levels of patients with visceral metastases (without bone metastases) were significantly lower than in control subjects (P less than 0.02). Our data demonstrate that serum osteocalcin levels are higher in breast cancer patients with bone metastases than in patients in remission. Bone formation, as reflected by serum osteocalcin levels, is decreased in breast cancer patients with visceral metastases.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

VMCP chemotherapy with or without interferon-alpha-2 in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma.

Fifty-two previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma were randomized to either a combination of recombinant interferon (rIFN) alpha-2 and chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone. Patients were treated with vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone every 4-6 weeks. In the combined treatment arm rIFN was administered concurrently with chemotherapy as well as during chemotherapy free intervals. The combined regimen effected 17/21 (80.9%) responses as compared to 19/27 (70.4%) responses in VMCP treated patients. Addition of rIFN to chemotherapy did not enhance hematologic toxicity. These findings suggest a somewhat higher rate of objective response in the VPMC + rIFN group, although a significant improvement in median survival by adding rIFN to conventional first line polychemotherapy in myeloma patients has not yet been achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

HER-2 amplification, steroid receptors and epidermal growth factor receptor in primary breast cancer.

Amplification of HER-2 oncogene was analysed in DNAs obtained from 291 primary human mammary carcinomas. 52/291 (18%) were found to contain amplified HER-2 oncogene. Moderate amplification (2- to 5-fold) was noted in 36/291 (12%). Thirteen tumors (4.5%) had a copy number of 5 to 10. A 10- to 20-fold and greater than 20-fold amplification was observed in 2 and 1 patient, respectively. Sample sizes allowed the determination of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) levels in 253/291 primary breast cancers. HER-2 gene amplification was noted in 14% of ER+ patients and in 28% of ER- patients, respectively (P = 0.02). Similarly a significantly greater number of PgR- primary mammary carcinoma exhibited an amplification of the HER-2 gene compared to PgR+ cases (22% vs. 16%, P = 0.01). Although statistically not significant, tumors with HER-2 gene amplification were found to have lower levels of ER and PgR. No association of HER-2 amplification with the androgen receptor and EGF receptor was observed. Present data combine to suggest that tumor progression is more stringently controlled by the oncogene upon loss of hormone dependency. Differences found in HER-2 amplification between steroid receptor positive and negative tumors could be helpful to define a specific subset of women to whom adjuvant therapy should be directed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Internal and neurologic manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by a multitude of clinical complications consisting of mainly opportunistic infections and malignancies. Particularly often encountered and life-threatening conditions are therefore due to infections of the respiratory tract (pneumonias caused by pneumocystis carinii or cytomegalovirus) or the central nervous system (e.g. toxoplasmosis or cryptococcosis) and Kaposi sarcoma or highly malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The course of the disease can become even more severe by additional neurologic complications. In patients with AIDS, the use of preparations with proven clinical effectivity for the treatment of opportunistic infections is often hampered by severe side effects.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Initial clinical experiences in a large Austrian patient sample with immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): I. Type and course of encountered infections].

This study presents a report on the first clinical experiences gained in 68 hospitalized HIV antibody-positive patients from Austria, covering a period of twelve months. 36 patients (52.9%) belonged to risk group I or Ib (homo- or bisexual), whereas 26 (38.2%) patients were i.v. drug abusers (risk group II). 5 (7.4%) patients fulfilled the criteria of stage II of the CDC classification of HIV-associated clinical symptoms, 10 (14.7%) were classified as stage III and the remaining 53 patients (78%) as stage IV. The most frequent and also the most serious problem was the development of opportunistic infections. Multiple infections were found in 45.7% of all cases. Kaposi's sarcoma was found in 9 patients who all belonged to risk group I. During the entire observation period 10 patients died as a consequence of HIV-1-induced immunodeficiency and the resulting opportunistic infections and/or neoplasms.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Results of cyclosporin A therapy in the early phase of type I diabetes mellitus].

A number of findings concerning the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have shown that an autoimmune process is responsible for the destruction of the beta-cell mass, and that a major part of this process has already occurred during the prediabetic phase of the disease. Various immunosuppressive intervention trials have, thus, recently been performed. Remission rates of between 30% and 50% in the Canadian cyclosporin A (CyA) pilot study prompted two placebo-controlled double-blind studies applying this medication. In the French CyA trial 122 patients were followed up for 9 months. 37% of those on high-dose CyA (whole blood levels greater than 300 ng/ml) achieved total remission, compared with 16.7% of those on low-dose CyA (blood level less than 300 ng/ml) and 5% of the placebo group. The Canadian-European trial included 188 patients, of whom 42 were treated in the Viennese centre. Diabetes had been diagnosed in these 42 patients not more than 6 weeks previously, and the duration of their symptoms did not exceed 14 weeks. Whole blood CyA levels ranged from 400 to 800 ng/ml. In relation to short duration of symptoms and early commencement of treatment up to 10 times higher total remission rates were found in the CyA group as compared with the placebo group. In both studies similar side effects were seen. Apart from the cosmetic side effects (hypertrichosis, gingival hyperplasia) a decrease of 20% in creatinine clearance and an increase of 20% in plasma creatinine level seemed to be of clinical importance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[The function of lytic effector cells in schizophrenic patients].

The present study aimed at elucidating lytic effector cell function in 32 schizophrenic patients and comparing the results with data obtained in 27 normal probands. Natural killer cell (NK) activity and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were tested. Schizophrenics did not differ from normal controls in either test system. Within the schizophrenic group, higher NK activity was detected in patients with neuroleptic monotherapy (p less than 0.05). Patients given a combination of neuroleptics, antidepressants and/or lithium did not differ from drug-free patients in either test system. There was no influence of psychopathological variables on lytic effector cell function.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

ATG overdose in a kidney-grafted patient. Clinical course and possible implications.

During antirejection treatment with antithymocyte globulin (ATG), a 48-year-old male kidney graft recipient was erroneously given 30 mg/kg ATG on day 5 of the treatment course. Clinically, the patient presented with abdominal pain, profuse diarrhea, and fever. Initially, the platelet count dropped to 94 x 10(3)/microliters and showed a further decrease to 65 x 10(3)/microliters 2 days thereafter. Plasmapheresis carried out about 12 h after the end of ATG infusion resulted in a decrease in serum levels of total rabbit immunoglobulin as well as the antibody fraction reactive with human T lymphocytes. Within 10 days after the discontinuation of ATG treatment, the relative and absolute number of the T-cell subpopulations, which had disappeared from the circulation at the time of antirejection therapy, returned to normal values. In addition, at this time both platelet and lymphocyte counts were again found to be in the normal range. Kidney function had recovered from the rejection crisis such that the patient could be discharged 26 days posttransplantation.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1988

[Interferon therapy in multiple myeloma].

Natural leukocyte interferon and recombinant interferon alpha-2 have effected remission rates between 10 and 20% in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Response rates have been higher in untreated patients than in relapsing or primarily refractory cases. Patients with slowly proliferating tumors, early tumor stage or IgA-monoclonal protein seem to show increased sensibility to interferon as compared to patients without those characteristics. First trials using combined interferon chemotherapy regimens suggest that the toxicity associated with this treatment modality remains acceptable. At present, however, one cannot definitely decide whether and to which degree the combination therapy will improve the response rates.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[Chemotherapy of advanced pancreatic cancer with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate].

The aim of the present phase II clinical trial was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of a combination chemotherapeutic protocol consisting of 4-weekly intervals of 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate (FAMeth-regimen) in patients with advanced measurable pancreatic cancer. After a median treatment duration of 4 (2-12) months, one complete and one partial response were achieved in the 13 evaluable patients. Two additional patients had evidence of objective tumour regression, although response was less than 50% of pretreatment tumor measurements. Stable disease was noted in 3 patients, and the tumour progressed in 6. The median survival of all evaluable patients from start of therapy is 7 (2-17) months. Side-effects associated with FAMeth-chemotherapy were generally mild and reversible and primarily included gastrointestinal symptoms (38%) and leukopenia (62%). There was 1 treatment related death due to pancytopenia and sepsis. Our preliminary data suggest some antitumour activity of the regimen against pancreatic cancer, although final assessment of therapeutic results must await accrural of additional patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Use of plasmapheresis in therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus: a controlled study].

The effectivity of a combination of various plasma exchange regimens in combination with immunosuppressive medication consisting of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide was tested in patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) the symptoms of which were found to be refractory to conventional immunosuppressive treatment administered orally. The patients were then submitted in a controlled manner to the following treatment modalities: 1. consecutive plasmapheresis (plasma exchanges every 2 to 3 days during a period of 2 to 3 weeks) with a continuation of immunosuppressive therapy administered orally; 2. chronic intermittent treatment (once per week) with parallel immunosuppression; 3. 2 plasmaphereses followed by an i.v. cyclophosphamide bolus. Only the third approach resulted in a stable and persistent clinical and serological improvement of disease activity.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1987

[Immunopathogenesis and therapeutic approaches in acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome (AIDS)].

The immunopathogenesis of AIDS and the problems arising from the infection of immunocompetent cells with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are being discussed. Recent investigations point at the fact that CD4-positive T cells are not the only targets of HIV, but that also other cells of the immune system which are involved in the generation of the immune answer might be affected by the infection. This could result from a direct effect of HIV upon the respective cell function or as a consequence of other cells involved in the regulation of the immune response. Although many efforts are being undertaken, no clear-cut therapeutic modality has been yet discovered to counter the effects of HIV upon the immune system.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Natural cellular immunity as the effector mechanism in tumor defense].

According to the immunosurveillance theory, the immune system plays an important role in the control of tumor development. Besides of specific cytotoxic T-cells, natural killer (NK) cells have gained recently in attention as effectors of the aforementioned function. They are lymphoid cells, and lyse tumor cells after having recognized them through a variety of membrane properties. Lymphokines can increase NK cell activity and enlarge their spectrum to previously NK-insensitive targets. Several clinical trials are being conducted at present in order to test the potential of lymphokine activated killer cells to function within this new biologic set-up.

Humans↗