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Biomedical subjects

C Y Lin

Publications and source records attributed to C Y Lin.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Multitrait estimation of genetic parameters of lactation curves in Holstein heifers.

Weekly milk yields of 1022 Holstein heifers from 61 sires were used to derive coefficients of the lactation curves using modified gamma and inverse polynomial functions. The natural logarithm of a modified gamma function was ln(yn) = ln (a) + b ln (n) + cn + u sin (x) + v cos (x), where a, b, c, u, and v are coefficients to be estimated; n is the day of lactation; and x is the day of year. Estimates of a, b, and c were combined to define persistency [-(b + 1) ln c], week of peak yield (b/c), and peak yield [a(b/c)be-b]. The inverse polynomial function was n/yn = A0 + A1n + A2n2, where A0, A1, and A2 are coefficients to be estimated. Variance and covariance components for the coefficients of the lactation curve were estimated by the multitrait restricted maximum likelihood method using canonical transformation. Heritability estimates were ln (a) .11, b .07, c .04 u .01, v .04, A0 .28, A1 .26, A2 .21, persistency .21, week of peak .18, peak yield .23, and 308-d milk yield .41. Genetic correlations indicated that selection for faster rate of increase to peak production would result in higher 308-d milk production, higher peak yield, and greater persistency.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

Intercorrelations among milk production traits and body and udder measurements in Holstein heifers.

Data from 1341 Holstein heifers of 71 sires were used to study heritabilities of and genetic and phenotypic correlations among milk production traits (308-d milk, front and rear half yields), body measurements (heart girth, withers height, body length, and rump length), udder measurements (front teat length and diameter, rear teat length and diameter, teat distance and udder height), and age at first calving. Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated by the multitrait restricted maximum likelihood method. Multitrait estimates of heritability ranged from .37 to .47 for first lactation yield traits, from .19 to .51 for body measurements, and from .08 to .41 for udder measurements. Age at first calving averaged 22.3 mo with a heritability estimate of .11. Milk production traits were all positively correlated with body measurements, suggesting that high producing heifers would be taller, larger, and longer than low producing heifers. Multitrait estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations between udder height and yield traits were all negative, suggesting that high producing heifers tend to have lower udders. Of four body measurements studied, rump length showed the greatest genetic correlations with yield traits. Among six udder measurements, udder height exhibited the highest degree of associations with yield traits. Thus, rump length and udder height merit greater attention for prediction of lactational performance.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Impaired natural killer cytotoxicity during recrudescence of recurrent herpes simplex virus type 1 infection.

We investigated natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity in patients with recurrent herpes infection by using K562 cells infected with Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) as target. The NK cytotoxicity was lower than during convalescence and in controls during recrudescence (0 to 3 days postonset of clinical symptoms; P less than 0.001). In the convalescent phase (4 to 14 days postonset of symptoms) the NK cytotoxicity was significantly higher than in controls (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that low NK cytotoxicity is related to the recurrence of herpes.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of combined immunodeficiency with thymic extract (Thymostimulin).

A 14-day-old Chinese male baby was admitted with extensive skin lesions. A wound culture grew Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter anitratus, Enterobacter cloacae, and Candida albicans and a blood culture grew group A beta-Streptococcus hemolyticus. The patient's lymphocyte counts were low and his lymphocytes were unable to produce IgG and IgA in vitro. The immunoglobulin-bearing cell studies also failed to demonstrate IgG and IgA bearing cells. Active Tac+ T cells, total T cells, and T cell subsets were at very low levels. Lymphoproliferative response to mitogens was also poor. Migration inhibitory factor production to Candida antigen was also decreased. The initial lymph node biopsy demonstrated no follicular formation and extensive depletion of lymphocytes in both thymic-dependent and thymic-independent areas. After Thymostimulin (a specific bovine thymic extract, TP-1) treatment, the second lymph node biopsy demonstrated germinal centers containing IgA-bearing cells and IgM-bearing cells and, subsequently, cortical and medullary differentiation. Serum IgG, IgA, and IgM became detectable at low levels and IgG-, IgA-, and IgM-bearing lymphocytes appeared in the peripheral blood. This also correlated with in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis. Active Tac+ T cells, total T cells, T cell subsets and lymphoproliferative response to mitogens increased gradually after thymostimulin therapy. This investigation demonstrated the therapeutic effectiveness of Thymostimulin in combined immunodeficiency both histologically and immunologically and the successful reconstitution of B cell function that did not require continued therapy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Systemic lupus erythematosus in children.

A retrospective study was made of 137 children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) seen at the Veterans General Hospital in the past 12 years. There were 116 females (84.7%), and 21 males (15.3%). The peak ages of onset were 13-14 years and 16-17 years. Malar rash, arthritis and fever were the most common presentations, as in previous studies. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement occurred in 24 cases (17.5%), and renal disorder was noted in 77 cases (56.2%). Renal biopsy in 67 cases showed a pathological transformation rate of 16.1% (5/31). Ten patients died during the study period, with renal insufficiency the primary cause of death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Leukocyte nitroblue tetrazolium test and chemotaxis in children with nephrotic syndrome and nephritis.

Patients with nephrotic syndrome have an increased incidence of infection; the cause of this is unknown. It is recognized that neutrophils play an important role in the protection of the body against bacteria. In an attempt to evaluate the function of neutrophils in various categories of nephritis, and that function's relationship in response to steroid therapy in the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, a study using peripheral blood neutrophils on nitroblue tetrazolium test (NBT) and chemotaxis was performed in 62 children suffering from nephritis during its acute phase and remission. These patients included minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), 9 cases; focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FGS), 3 cases; mesangial cell proliferative nephropathy (MesPGN), 23 cases; hepatitis B antigenemia associated with membranous glomerulonephropathy (HBSMGN), 4 cases; poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (AGN), 20 cases and chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), 3 cases. The NBT reduction levels were significantly increased in the MCNS and AGN groups during the acute nephrotic or nephritic phase and returned to normal range in remission. The chemotactic index significantly decreased in the MCNS and significantly increased in the MesPGN cases; in the remission stage, they returned to normal range. All cases of MesPGN in this study were nephrotic syndrome with frequent relapse or were steroid non-responsive. These results suggest that, except for MCNS, the higher incidence of infection in nephrotic syndrome has no relation to neutrophil chemotaxis and NBT in various categories of nephritis. However, the chemotactic index may serve as one of the parameters between steroid responsive and non-responsive nephrotic syndromes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Study of the natural killer cell activity in lung cancer patients].

A total of 50 lung CA patients and 20 normal persons as control were included in our study. We obtained lymphocytes from heparinized blood by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient method and after incubation with Cr51 labelled K562 cells at concentrations of 100: 1, 50:1, 12.5:1 for four hours, we calculated the cytotoxicity activity of NK cells. Significant impairment was noted in the comparison of NK cytotoxicity between stage III-M1 lung CA patients (n = 28) and the control group (n = 20) (E/T; 50:1, 29.55 +/- 24.20% vs 49.83 +/- 14.46%, p less than 0.001; E/T: 25:1, 10.23 +/- 7.19% vs 27.66 +/- 6.06%, p less than 0.001). 4 cases in stage I underwent surgery, the NK cytotoxicity before the operation was noted to be low, E/T: 25:1, 9%, 11%, 14% and 19% respectively. After the operation, the NK cytotoxicity was increased to 33%, 35%, 42% and 44% respectively. 3 stage I lung CA patients has continuously followed up, 2 relapsed cases had decreased NK cytotoxicity to 22% and 25%. These results indicated that the NK cytotoxicity assay was impaired in stage III-M1 lung CA and also suggested that it may act as a therapeutic guide for the results of the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Serial immunologic studies in patients with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki disease).

Twenty cases of mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS), from Fall 1984 to April 1986, are included in this study. The serial immunoglobulin levels including IgG, IgA, IgM showed polyclonal increased immunoglobulin levels during the first month. Only one-fourth of patients had high serum IgE levels. There was no correlation with house dust mite antigen skin test and anti-mite IgE levels. By using the polyethylene glycol and ELISA methods, IgE-circulating immune complexes were detectable in 60% of high serum IgE patients. IgG-circulating immune complexes were also detected in 70% by the polyethylene glycol method and 60% by Raji cell method. CH50 and serum properdin factor B level increased during acute febrile phase. Serial T cell subset studies showed OKT4 cells decreased progressively and OKT8 levels were within normal range during the first and second week. By the third week, OKT4 cells increased and OKT8 cells decreased. This progressed to the fifth week and returned to normal range 2 months later. During the acute febrile phase of the first week, Leu2+15+ cells increased and Leu2+15- cells decreased. After the second week, the Leu2+15+ cells decreased and Leu2+15- cells increased. This increase continued to the fifth week when the Leu2+15+ cells were at the lowest level and the Leu2+15- cells at the higher level corresponding to the OKT8 change. After the fifth week, the Leu2+15+ cells and Leu2+15- cells returned to normal. Patients had increased antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic reaction at the first week of the acute febrile stage. It decreased dramatically in the second week and returned to normal 2 months later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Serial immunologic and histopathologic studies in the treatment of necrotizing fasciitis with combined immunodeficiency by a bovine thymic extract (thymostimulin).

A 25-day-old Chinese female baby developed necrotizing fasciitis (NF) with indurated erythematous patches with superficial necrosis over two thirds of the back. Skin cultures of the lesions yielded Streptococcus pyogenes, enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida species. The patient had lymphopenia with low T cells and T cell subsets. The lymphoproliferative response to mitogen and macrophage migration (MIF) production were also poor. Her lymphocytes were unable to produce IgG in vitro. Also, IgG bearing cells were not demonstrable. The initial lymph node biopsy demonstrated an absence of follicular formation and depletion of lymphocytes in both thymic-dependent and thymic-independent areas. Five weeks after bovine thymic extract (Thymostimulin) treatment, a second lymph node biopsy demonstrated germinal centers containing IgG bearing cells. Three weeks later, a third lymph node biopsy showed germinal centers with cuffs of lymphocytes. Differentiation of the cortex and medulla of the node was demonstrated. IgG was also detectable in an in vitro Ig synthesis study. The total T cells, T cell subsets, lymphoproliferative response MIF production also increased gradually after Thymostimulin treatment. This investigation demonstrated the therapeutic effectiveness of Thymostimulin in NF with underlying combined immuno-deficiency, both serious and frequently fetal diseases, by the histologic and immunologic reconstitution of T and B cell function.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

Histopathological and immunological studies in spontaneous remission of nephrotic syndrome after intercurrent measles infection.

Two cases of childhood nephrotic syndrom (NS) were diagnosed in September 1981 and February 1982, respectively. The patients were first cousins. There was no other family history of renal disease. Five months after onset of nephrosis in 1 patient and 1 month after onset of nephrosis in the other both had an intercurrent measles infection and the NS rapidly went into spontaneous remission. However, relapses occurred 3 and 7 months later. At that time both patients were started on steriod treatment and obtained remission. Unfortunately, both relapsed again 14 months later. Kidney biopsies were performed, the pathologic findings demonstrated that both were mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. The mononuclear cell subsets and lymphoproliferative responses were studied during the acute measles infection, 4 weeks later, in remission and relapse of NS. The mononuclear cell subsets and lymphoproliferative response in medium containing autologous serum with complement were decreased during the acute measles infection. Both patients had an increase of OKT8 cells and Leu-7 cells in relapse and a decrease in remission. Taken together, natural measles infection caused a prolonged depression of cell-mediated immunity, T cell subset and induced a temporary remission of steroid-sensitive NS.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Studies of circulating immune complexes and lymphocyte subpopulations in childhood IgM mesangial nephropathy.

T cell subsets, serum immunoglobulin (IgM) level, IgM-bearing lymphocytes, and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were studied in 12 children who suffered from IgM mesangial nephropathy (IgMN) during the acute nephrotic phase, in remission and relapse. Frequent relapses were observed in 11 cases, and 1 was partially responsive to steroid treatment. IgMN was diagnosed by the consistent pattern of IgM deposition by all four FITC-labelled antihuman IgM antibodies from rabbits and goats supplied by four different companies and by the 100% positivity of electron-dense mesangial deposits in an identical localization and distribution pattern of kidney biopsy specimen. CIC were detected by the 3.5% polyethylene glycol method. In sera from 12 patients IgM CIC were detected in 8 cases during the acute nephrotic phase. High levels of C3 CIC and C4 CIC were also found in these cases during the acute nephrotic phase. The CIC were undetectable in remission. Only 3 cases were detectable at low levels of IgM CIC during the second relapse. High serum IgM levels and IgM-bearing lymphocytes were noted in these patients. The patients also had a significant increase of OKT8 cells and a decrease in the OKT4/OKT8 ratio during the acute phase and in relapse. Taken together, the immunopathologic and clinical features suggest that IgMN is a disease entity with a chiefly classical pathway activation of complement components. The correlation between the changes of T cell subsets and the disease activity in IgMN suggests that this may serve as a therapeutic and prognostic guide.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1986

Transient remission after intercurrent measles infection in a patient with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome.

A 5-yr-old patient with hyper IgE syndrome contracted measles. This was accompanied by a temporary disappearance of his skin lesions. The patient had a long history of recurrent infections, chronic eczematoid pruritic dermatitis, and elevation of serum IgE level since infancy. Immunologic studies revealed decreased suppressor T cells (OKT8 cells) with increased IKT4/OKT8 ratio, defect in suppressor T cell function, and decreased chemotactic index. In February 1985, when he developed an interrcurrent measles infection at age of 5, the eczematoid pruritic dermatitis disappeared completely and immunologic defects improved transiently, with normalization of OKT4/OKT8 ratio, decrease in in vitro IgE synthesis, in vivo serum IgE level, and interleukin-2 production, decreases in IgG Fc receptor-bearing cells and autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction, and normalization of chemotactic index. One month later, the eczematoid skin lesion relapsed and immunologic defects reappeared. These studies suggested that the pathogenesis of hyper IgE syndrome involved a hypofunction of suppressor T cell. The transient remission associated with measles infection is probably related to the effect of the virus on the helper T cells, resulting in a normalization of OKT4/OKT8 ratio and IgE production.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Clinical analysis of five infants with glycogen storage disease of the heart--Pompe's disease.

Five cases of infant glycogen storage disease of the heart are reported. Their ages ranged from 2 to 7 months. They all presented with generalized hypotonia and respiratory tract infections. Four of the diagnosis were proven by skeletal muscle biopsy and enzymatic assay of alpha-1,4-glucosidase. All 5 infants had clinical signs of cardiac failure, cardiomegaly shown by chest X-ray, short PR intervals, severe left or bi-ventricular hypertrophy shown on electrocardiograms, increased thickness of the right and left ventricular walls and interventricular septum both on M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiograms and angiocardiograms. Four of them died during the follow-up period with a mean age at death of 7.5 months.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1986

Serum IgE, skin and radioallergosorbent tests for house dust and mites in asthmatic children.

Thirty asthmatic children were given an intradermal skin test, total IgE measurements and the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) against house dust and house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae). Results of the intradermal skin test and RAST were highly positive with overall agreement in 95.6%. The correlation coefficient between the total IgE and the RAST to house dust was 0.35 (p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference between the total IgE and the RAST to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae (p greater than 0.05). The highly significant correlation coefficient between house dust and house dust mites (D. farinae, p less than 0.0001; D. pteronyssinus, p less than 0.00001) was determined by RAST. House dust has been found to be the most important allergen in children in Taiwan. The role of mites as a possible allergen in house dust also showed a highly significant correlation in our study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Effects of milk protein loci on first lactation production in dairy cattle.

A total of 920 cows of Holstein-based H line, Ayrshire-based A line, and cross-bred C line between H and A lines was used to determine the genotypic and gene frequencies of milk protein types and to study the relationships of milk protein loci to first lactation yields. Effects of milk protein loci on first lactation performance were examined using classification and gene substitution models. Gene frequencies at the five milk protein loci studied were similar to those reported in the literature. Gene substitution at alpha s1-casein locus showed the greatest effects on first lactation yields compared to those at other milk protein loci. Unfortunately, the favorable B allele at this locus is almost fixed (the frequency of the B allele = .955), a result of long-term selection for high milk production in dairy cattle. The extremely high frequency of a favorable allele at the alpha s1-casein locus imposes a limitation for further genetic improvement at this locus unless a more favorable mutation can be induced. Although favorable alleles at beta-casein, kappa-casein, and beta-lactoglobulin loci exerted smaller effects on first lactation performance than those at the alpha s1-casein locus, their moderate frequencies in the current population can be raised to improve lactation yields through milk protein typing. The combined contribution of the four milk protein loci accounted for 8.9% of phenotypic variance in milk yield, 8.6% in protein yield, ad 5.0% in fat yield.

Animals↗