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Biomedical subjects

C Wood

Publications and source records attributed to C Wood.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The investigation of idiopathic infertility by in vitro fertilization.

The results of in vitro fertilization of mature oocytes obtained at diagnostic laparoscopy from patients with both known and unknown clinical causes of infertility are presented. A simple regimen involving the use of clomiphene and human chorionic gonadotropin which enabled laparoscopy to coincide with available surgical lists resulted in the recovery of mature oocytes from 15 of the 18 patients treated. Apparently normal embryos developed from five of six oocytes recovered from patients who had blocked fallopian tubes or who were being investigated after 8 to 12 months of artificial insemination by donor. No normal embryos developed from oocytes from nine patients who had sustained infertility of unknown cause for 2 years or more. When this latter group was compared with other groups a high rate of fertilization failure was noted, and severe polyspermy developed in two cases. The results are discussed in relation to the diagnosis of infertility and the management of infertile patients.

Embryo, Mammalian↗
PubMed1980

Unusual histiocytic reaction to Monsel's solution.

Monsel's solution for hemostasis was applied to a wound produced at the site of a punch excision biopsy from the wrist of a 51-year-old white man. The biopsy specimen showed an incompletely excised basal cell carcinoma. Thirty days later, the residual carcinoma was excised. Adjacent to a basal cell carcinoma in the second biopsy specimen was an intradermal nodule composed of large polygonal cells and multinucleated histiocytic giant cells containing granules and clumps of dark brown and black pigment. This pigment was strongly positive for iron when stained by Perl's method. This unusual histiocytic reaction to topically applied ferric subsulfate must be differentiated from malignant melanomas and from histiocytic neoplasms with siderosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

The treatment of premenstrual symptoms with mefenamic acid.

Thirty-seven patients suffering from premenstrual symptoms were each studied through three menstrual cycles. After a control cycle, mefenamic acid and placebo were given during the luteal phase of the cycle in a random double-blind cross over manner, each patient serving as her own control. The dosage of mefenamic acid was 500 mg thrice daily. Medication significantly improved premenstrual symptoms, particularly tension, irritability, depression, pain and headache. It was not effective for breast symptoms. Most patients complaining of premenstrual symptoms also had menstrual symptoms, which were also improved by the mefenamic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Artificial donor insemination frozen versus fresh semen.

The results of artificial insemination by fresh and frozen donor semen (A.I.D.) are reported. Life table conception results were 66.3 +/- 3.8 after 6 months for the fresh semen group. Similar results for 2 consecutive programmes of A.I.D. of frozen semen were 44.0 +/- 4.6 and 64.2 +/- 3.4, respectively. The latter group's cumulative pregnancy rate is high and probably reflects improvement in both sperm preservation and insemination techniques. Using improved freezing techniques, the results of A.I.D. with frozen semen are equal to those with fresh semen.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1980

Obstetric care of the very premature fetus.

A group of 27 premature fetuses, between 27 and 35 weeks of gestation, were studied in the fetal intensive care unit. Both late deceleration of fetal heart rate and loss of beta to beat variation were associated with significantly lower Apgar scores. Four of 5 of the very premature fetuses who died of asphyxia soon after birth, showed evidence of asphyxia in the fetal heart rate trace before birth. Because of the improved short- and long-term outlook for the liveborn very premature fetus, active obstetric intervention when intrauterine asphyxia is diagnosed may furthther improve survival rate.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1980

Case-control study of intracranial meningiomas in women in Los Angeles County, California.

A case-control study was conducted among women in Los Angeles County to investigate possible causes of intracranial meningiomas. Questionnaires sought information from patients and from a neighbor of each one on characteristics and past experiences that might be associated with the development of this disease. Information was obtained on 188 matched patient-neighbor pairs. Three primary factors appeared to be associated with meningioma occurrence: 1) a history of head trauma (odds ratio = 2.0, P = 0.01), 2) consumption of certain cured meats (odds ratio = 2.8, P less than 0.01), and 3) exposure to medical and dental diagnostic X-rays to the head. For diagnostic X-rays, the strongest association was with early exposure (less than 20 yr old) to full-mouth dental X-ray series (odds ratio = 4.0, P less than 0.01).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Growth in British Asians: longitudinal data in the first year.

Weight, crown-heel length and head circumference were measured at birth and at three, six, nine and 12 months of age in 80 British Asians of predominantly Indian origin. At birth, all measurements were reduced compared with Europeans, but catch-up growth occurred during the first three months, suggesting that there had been intra-uterine growth restriction. Subsequently, linear growth remained comparable with British standards but weight-gain velocity declined, so that by one year of age mean weight was about 1 kg less than the standards. Throughout the measurement period it was more usual for infants to cross centile lines, either up or down, than to grow along them.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1980

Hormones and sexuality: effect of estrogen and progestogen.

This study was planned to determine the effects of estrogen and progestogen on female sexual behavior. Forty-nine women who had undergone hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy took part in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. Over a 12-month period each woman received 3 months each of ethinyl estradiol, 50 microgram per day; levonorgestrel, 250 microgram per day; combination of these 2 substances (Nordiol); and a placebo. Significant differences between medications were found in sexual desire, enjoyment, and orgasmic frequency. The most beneficial effects occurred during medication with ethinyl estradiol. There were no differences observed in the effect of homones or placebo on coital rate or on the analogue rating scales scored daily. The validity of this scale in the present study is questionable.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Acceleration of the fetal heart rate.

Acceleration of the fetal heart rate during contractions was usually followed by deceleration, and evidence is presented to show that it results from increased sympathetic drive and may be associated with fetal tissue hypoxia. However, the presence of accelerations are not serious and merely warn the obstetrician of the possibility of the occurrence of subsequent decelerations. The mechanism thought most likely to produce accelerations is uterine compression of the umbilical vein during contractions.

Bradycardia↗
PubMed1979

Subjective recording of fetal movement.

A group of 137 patients, 113 of whom had obstetric complications, recorded fetal movements by a subjective method. Low fetal movement counts were associated with maternal cigarette smoking and prolongation of pregnancy and high counts with maternal ingestion of sedatives or tranquillizers, abnormal fetal heart rate in labour and a true knot in the umbilical cord. The absence of fetal movement during four consecutive 20-minute counting-sessions was not associated with poor fetal outcome. Further investigations to assess the usefulness of fetal movement counting are recommended. Such investigations should take into account the limitations imposed by the methods and the obstetric population for study.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

Menstrual characteristics of 2,343 women attending the Shepherd Foundation.

Menstrual characteristics of 2,343 women attending the Shepherd Foundation Health Testing Centre have been analyzed utilizing a computer system of data analysis. The incidence of menstrual pain was 43% and premenstrual tension 75%. The best estimate of normal cycle length was 21-35 days, 1.5% of women having cycles less than 21 days. The duration of menstrual loss was 1-7 days, 3% of women bleeding for more than 7 days. Utilizing the various responses to questions concerning menstrual and cycle length, menstrual pain and premenstrual tension, 150 patterns were found, the 10 most common patterns accounting for 40% of the population; most of the latter patterns included menstrual pain and premenstrual tension. Authorities disagree upon the definitions of normal menstruation and there are serious implications from the lack of knowledge in this area, both for the individual patient and the cost of health care. The formation of a health committee to determine national standards for defining normal menstruation is advocated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Social and psychological factors in relation to premenstrual tension and menstrual pain.

Age, country of birth, marital status, attitude to work, smoking and drinking habits, childbearing, sex life and psychological factors are all linked to the frequency of menstrual pain and premenstrual tension. The relationship between the psychosocial and menstrual characteristics may be causal or related to some other constitutional factor (or factors) which determines both. The profile of women suffering from premenstrual tension and menstrual pain is described. In management, associated psychosocial factors and the relationship betweem these and the described menstrual problems needs to be taken into account.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Duration of menstruation.

Menstrual length was analysed in 2,342 women attending the Shepherd Foundation. Prolonged menses were more common in Australian and New Zealand born, in women with irregular, short or long menstrual cycles, menstrual pain, high parity, and an intrauterine device. In contrast to women with premenstrual tension and menstrual pain, psychological factors, smoking and drinking were not more common in women with increased menstrual length. It is concluded that somatic factors alone control menstrual length, and results in the present study support the hypotheses that both the hypothalamic-pituitary system and prostaglandins may be involved in this control. Evidence was found that the use of the contraceptive pill reduces the incidence of premenstrual tension when menstrual length is also reduced.

Contraception↗