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Biomedical subjects

C Werner

Publications and source records attributed to C Werner.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Asynchronous maturation of the placenta in dependence on the parity and the age of the parturient (author's transl)].

5143 findings of the placenta are arranged according to the ripeness of the placenta and the parturient's age and parity; the correlations between the age of the mother at her child's birth and the findings of the placenta, illustrated more exactly in the following, prove to be statistically significant in the chi2-test for primipara and multipara without exception: In the case of primiparae asynchronous maturations of the placenta are most frequently observed after the age of 34, whereas in the case of multipara an augmentation to this extent does not begin until the age of 40, slighter disturbances, however, are already stated after the age of 29, with the primiparae already after the age of 24. Complications such as premature delivery, precocious rupture of the membranes and increased mortality of newborns are possibly caused by precociously matured placentas which especially occur in the age classes of the old and the very young parturients. The diminished functional capacity of a retarded maturity of the placenta (often observed with retarded birth and overweight children) is connected with the frequent occuring of the following complications in the corresponding age groups: cephalopelvic disproportion, prolonged duration of labour, possibly caused by the latter, retarded birth, more frequent asphyxia of newborns and increased perinatal mortality. The described findings confirm the clinical experience, made up to now, and permit a prospective application for the pre-natal supervision of especially young or old pregnant women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Follow-up of patients who underwent reduction mammoplasty according to Strombeck between 1972 and 1975. Postoperative complications and results. Modification of the technique. Postoperative mammographic results (author's transl)].

Follow-up examinations were carried out in 60 women who underwent a reduction mammoplasty. Their review concentrated on the questions of the frequency of postoperative complications, the possibility to avoid complications by a modification of the technique and the question of mammographic evaluation of the breast in the face of scars from the mammoplasty. There were 12 severe complications. There were 6 necroses of the nipples, there were 3 abscesses, there were 2 suture fistulas and there was one case of massive hematoma. The complications depend on the amount of tissue resected. Especially necroses of the nipples depend upon the amount of tissue resected. With increasing experience of the surgeon, the nipple is moved without tension by lateral division of tissues and omission of resection of tissue above the nipple. This reduces the risk of necrosis of the nipple. Ugly scars are avoided by additional subcutaneous dexon double O sutures and additional subcuticular structures. Prolonged immobilization and later removal of the sutures help to obtain fine scars. A comparison of the preoperative and postoperative mammographies showed that 78% of the X-rays could be evaluated for carcinoma more readily postoperatively than before. For the differential diagnosis to scars from the operative, a preoperative and postoperative mammogram is necessary for comparison.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Functional aspects of placental maturation in twin-pregnancies (author's transl)].

Multiple pregnancy placentas are especially efficient for examining the influence of placental maturity on fetal growth; extraplacental factors can be considered the same, and difference concerning the state of the child can be correlated with the conditions of the placental function. In 46 twin-couples placentas have been examined. In 21 cases placental parts varied in maturity. Children whose placentas had reached a better stage of maturity, were better in weight, length and Apgar score. Only in 3 cases with ripe placenta Apgar score was low (all cases were second-born children). In 25 twin-couples placentas of equal maturity were found, and the children showed insignificant differences. Differences concerning the Apgar score, could be caused by extraplacental etiological factors. 68 placental parts were correlated to the gestational age; a precocious placenta maturity was found in 31 cases, and a mature placenta in 26 cases. The importance of precocious placental maturity and its influence on the development and condition of the child post partum are being thoroughly discussed.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1976

[Obliterative angiopathy of placental stem villi (author's transl)].

Out of 136 placentas with vascular obliterations, 25 cases were placentas of children born alive, in 92 cases the placentas belonged to children born dead. In 19 cases we had no data on the baby. In placentas of babies born alive, the same vascular changes (subtotal and total obliterations, septal partitions of vascular lumina) were found as in those of dead-born children, although considerably less severe. Vascular obliterations should not be considered as post-mortal alterations of the placenta blood vessels, since only quantitative differences could be proved. Septum-like partitions are hardly ever found in placentas of babies born alive, in dead-born babies they are more frequent. They seem to present recanalizations, and are understood as a compensation mechanism for a placental insufficiency caused by vascular obliterations. The accentuated collagenization of the placental periphery, noticed in placentas of babies born alive, is being interpreted as the consequence of an impaired blood circulation, caused by partial and total vascular obliterations. The high collagen rate in the placental periphery in placentas of the dead-born is probably a reaction to the diminished fetal circulation. Endangitis obliterations in 73 placentas out of 4600 pregnancies of cases with late abortions, premature deliveries, perinatal death, underweigh and small for gestational age babies, impaired adaptation in newborns of mothers with proteinuria and hypertension speak strongly for assuming that endangitis obliterans presents a form of placental insufficiency. Endangitis obliterans of the placental blood-vessels has, however, been discovered frequently after Rubella infection in early pregnancy. The etiological factors of the endovascular process can be multiple, the morphological and the pathophysiological reactions are the same.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Specific cleavages of pure tRNAs by plumbous ions.

After renaturation some pure tRNAs were submitted to the action of lead acetate 1 . 10(-3) M at pH 7.3 and at 37 degrees C in the presence of either 1 M or 0.5 M NaCl. These tRNAs were specifically cleaved by Pb2+. The exact cleavage points were determined by analysing the oligonucleotides obtained from three yeast tRNAs. In 1 M NaCl, tRNA(Phe) is cleaved after the hUp17 and partially cleaved after Cp73. In 0.5 M NaCl, there are cleaveages after hUp16, hUp17 as well as a partial one after pGP1. In 1 M NaCl tRNA(Asp) is not cleaved, whereas in 0.5 M NaCl 50% of the molecules are cleaved in the anticodon region after Up35, 14% after hUp19 and 6% after hUp16. In 1 M NaCl tRNA(Val) is cleaved in the hU loop: 40% after hUp16 and 60% after CP17. The action of lead on five other pure tRNAs was studied on the analytical scale only, by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. They could be classified into two familites, one cleaved mainly in the hU loop, the other in the anticodon loop. The minimal concentrations of Pb2+ required for cleavage were determined for several tRNAs, the most sensitive of which, yeast tRNA(Val), being still cleaved with a concentration of 5 . 10(-6) M in 0.15 M NaCl. Although the cleavage often occurs after hUp, poly (hU) is less sensitive than poly(U). This and other results indicate that cleavages depend more on the conformation than the sequence of the polynucleotide chain, bends in the tertiary structure being lead-sensitive sites. Finally, the amino acid acceptance activities of cleaved tRNA(Phe) and tRNA(Asp) were determined.

Anticodon↗
PubMed1976

Some methodological studies on effector cells in the lymphocyte-dependent cytotoxic antibody assay.

A method of direct freezing was found to be reliable for storage of the effectors for the LDA assay, though there is a considerable loss of cells. In order to get immunologically active K cells after thawing, an important step is to leave the cells to recuperate overnight in an appropriate medium before use. A short-term storage of fresh effectors is also possible. The use of a pool of effector cells from a minimum of 3 random blood donors obviates the selection of HL-A types furthermore permits a saving of the amount of serum used. Enrichment of a B cell population by removing the cells capable of forming spontaneous rosettes with SRBC was not found to enhance cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of cells with pronase, trypsin and neuraminidase did not significantly enhance their effector activity, while papain treated cells showed a systematically increased specific lysis.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1975

The use of directly frozen cells in LDA assay.

A method of direct freezing is described which requires a cryoprotective medium consisting of human AB serum and DMSO, an ultra-low temperature freezer and a liquid-nitrogen refrigerator. Fresh and directly frozen cells were compared in the LDA assay. Direct freezing is quite reliable for normal lymphocytes, PHA transformed lymphocytes or leukaemic blasts used as targets. However, a controlled freezing procedure may be necessary to preserve the effector cell activity.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗