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Biomedical subjects

C W Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to C W Schmidt.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Bone fluorosis without occupational exposure in chronic renal insufficiency].

Report on a 70-year-old male with bone fluorosis which was ascertained radiologically, by section and fluor analysis in the bone ash. With empty professional anamnesis as cause was found the presence of a chronic renal insufficiency with simultaneously increased fluor content of drinking water. The decreased renal excretion of fluoride might have led to the pathological development in the bones. It is referred to the significance of extra-medical fluor load and the knowledge of the renal function when halogen is therapeutically used.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Biorhythms and highway crashes. Are they related?

Biorhythm, a theory that purports to identify periods of increased individual susceptibility to accident or misfortune on the basis of recurring biological cycles, is currently enjoying world-wide popularity. In view of the implications of such a theory for both public health and safety, the present study was undertaken as an empirical test of its validity. Using data from 205 carefully investigated highway crashes (135 fatal; 70 nonfatal) in which the drivers were clearly at fault, the authors computed specific points in drivers' biorhythm cycles at which the accidents occurred. The observed frequencies of accidents occurring during so-called critical and minus periods were then compared with the frequencies to be expected on a chance basis alone. The results provided no evidence for a relationship between purported biorhythm cycles and accident likelihood.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1977

Suicide by vehicular crash.

The authors evaluated data on 182 fatally injured and 96 nonfatally injured drivers involved in vehicular crashes over a 6-year period. Only 1.7% of the total fatal crashes were considered to have been suicides, and 1% of the nonfatal crashes were deemed suicide attempts. Neither group of drivers had unusually high incidences of previous suicidal ideation or behavior, but both groups tended to be socially deviant, with above average levels of psychopathology and social aggressiveness. Crash victims in both groups also had poor driving records and high rates of alcohol abuse, findings that have important implications for accident prevention.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1977

Social adjustment profiles of female drivers involved in fatal and nonfatal accidents.

Previous research by the authors has shown that male drivers involved in fatal and nonfatal accidents can be differentiated from the general population on the basis of background, behavior, and social adjustment. The results of the present study suggest that female drivers involved in serious crashes do not differ from the overall female driving population.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1977

[Family constellation in mental disorder. results and methods of statistical investigations of family size, birth order and sib position (author's transl)].

Possibilities, difficulties and results of statistic investigations on the relation between schizophrenia, depression, neurosis and alcoholism are reported: The schizophrenic patients showed an excess of single childs and children of large sibship. In depressive patients the eldest are overrepresented. In neurotics single and eldest children are more numerous than in the general population. In alcoholic males tha last born und specially the youngest children are overrepresented. But nearly al of the relations found here have been contested by some other authors. The results are different because of the different methods. The reasons are explained in the second part of this study. The methodical differences consist in variable diagnosis, inadmissible selection, investigation without direct interviews, different statistical methods, summation of heterogenous samples and nonrepresentative controls. Methodical consequences for further investigations are discussed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1976

Brief treatment of sexual problems.

Brief, behaviorally oriented treatment of sexual dysfunction is gaining increasing acceptance in medicine and psychiatry. However, relatively few clinics have published their treatment results. During a 2 1/2-year period, 36 couples with diagnoses of sexual dysfunction were treated with a modified Masters and Johnson protocol. The initial success rate was 83%, but the degree of improvement reported by the couples varied from marked to equivocal. Eighty-nine percent of the male partners and 83% of the female partners manifested psychologic signs or symptoms that either warranted a psychiatric diagnosis or were noted as significant traits or symptoms. With an average of 7.9 months of follow-up, the failure rate increased from 17% to 38%. This increase was attributed in part to the degree of combined psychosexual disorder identified in the patients. The etiologic relationships between psychiatric conditions and sexual dysfunctions are not fully understood and will require further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Short-term treatment of Sexual problems: interim report.

Of 52 couples requesting treatment for sexual disorders, 16 were treated in accordance with the protocol of Masters and Johnson except that most were seen once a week for 10 or more weeks rather than daily for a briefer period. The treatment results were less successful than those obtained by Masters and Johnson. The authors believe that the successes of this approach nonetheless suggest a need to reevaluate the degree to which sexual problems may be conditioned responses. They also stress the need for specifying the degree of improvement among nonfailures for purposes of comparison and follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Impotence.

The first and most important assistance the physician can give to the patient who complains of impotence is to take him seriously. In most cases organic causes can be ruled out. Primary or total psychogenic impotence is also a rarity, and most cases are secondary and amenable to appropriate therapy.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexual dysfunction and dual psychiatric diagnoses.

Controversy continues to exist about whether a sexual dysfunction is a discrete problem or it is symptomatic of more elaborate psychiatric disorder. To date no study of this question has been reported on patients evaluated using DSM-III criteria. To meet such a need, 592 patients with various sex-related complaints and their partners were evaluated at the Sexual Behaviors Consultation Unit of the Johns Hopkins Hospital over a 2-year period. Two hundred and eighty-eight patients (males = 223; females = 65) fulfilled DSM-III criteria for psychosexual dysfunction. Of these 30.5% (N = 68) of the males and 30.8% (N = 20) of the females were assigned concurrent Axis I/II diagnoses. Patients who had dual diagnoses reported more (P = .026) problems with alcohol. Despite equivalent psychosocial stressors on Axis IV they were rated less (P less than .01) adjusted on Axis V. Dual diagnostic profiles were described for each of the psychosexual dysfunctions. Results support the hypothesis that while the majority of patients with sexual dysfunction have a discrete disorder, there is another group whose sexual dysfunction is but one of several conditions which deserve treatment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗