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Biomedical subjects

C V Sumaya

Publications and source records attributed to C V Sumaya.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Seroepidemiologic study of Epstein-Barr virus infections in a rural community.

The prevalence and titers of antibodies to capsid antigens of Epstein-Barr virus ad to the diffuse and restricted components of the Epstein-Barr virus-induced early antigen complex were determined in 109 families of a semirural community in Louisiana. Titers of antibody to the capsid antigens larger than or equal to 10 were found in 84 percent of children aged two to five years, and the prevalence increased with age to nearly 100 percent. There was a positive but variable correlation of the prevalence of anti-capsid antigen reactivity with low socioeconomic status and crowding. An overrepresentation of high titers of antibody to capsid antigens was present in individuals with a past history of pneumonia and urinary tract infections. The geometric mean titers of antibody to capsid antigens were highest in early childhood, lowest in adolescence and young adulthood, and high in the elderly. Females in all age groups and tonsillectomized children showed a higher geometric mean titer than their male and nontonsillectomized counterparts, respectively. Antibodies to the early antigen complex were found rarely (8.2 percent) and only in sera with relatively high titers of antibody to capsid antigens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Clinical trials with Alice strain, live, attenuated, serum inhibitor-resistant intranasal influenza A vaccine.

Two clinical trials with Alice strain intranasal influenza vaccine were performed. In study no. 1 (utilizing random selection and double-blind control), 50 subjects received a bivalent inactivated influenza vaccine intramuscularly, 99 subjects received Alice strain vaccine intranasally, and 50 subjects received a placebo intranasally. No symptomatology could be attributed to the intranasal route of immunization. Convalescent-phase geometric mean titers of hemagglutination inhibition antibody were higher after intramuscular vaccination; seroconversion occurred in 16 or 17 recipients of the Alice strain, with initial titers of less than 1:8. Clinical and virologic surveillance for 20 weeks after vaccination revealed no influenza A illnesses in participants of the study. In study no. 2, 75% of the subjects with initial nasal antibody titers of less than 1:3 developed measurable nasal antibody after receiving Alice strain vaccine.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1975

A heterophile system in human renal transplantation. IV. Natural immunity and its genetic implications.

Natural heterophile immunity was studied in 949 individuals including 41 recipients and donors of renal transplants and 141 families. The prevalence and strength of the natural immunity was at its maximum during the first two decades of life and declined thereafter. The population could be divided into three groups: one with natural immunity to heterophile transplantation antigens (HT-A), one with a heterophile immunity which was not (anti-HT-A) (i.e., anti-HX-A), and one group which had no heterophile immunity. Transplantation among these groups yielded results which along with family studies and mathematical considerations suggest that the HT-A system is controlled by a single genetic locus comprised of one dominant and one recessive allele.

Absorption↗
PubMed1975

Epidemiologic study of a leukocyte-transforming agent in a general population.

Studies by others have demonstrated a leukocyte-transforming agent(s) (LTA) in the oropharyngeal secretions of a significant number of individuals with Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis, cancer, and, to a lesser extent, an outpatient population. This present study determines by systematic sampling the prevalence of LTA in 27 families of a semirural community. Throat swab inoculums from three of 54 adults and none of 44 children induced transformation of umbilical cord lymphocytes. Complement-dependent Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen was detected in two of the three transformed cell cultures. The three LTA-positive individuals were characterized by the absence of serologic evidence of a recent Epstein-Barr virus infection and the lack of elevated antibodies against the viral capsid antigen of Epstein-Barr virus.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The rapid diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis using an ELISA that detects IgM antibody to a peptide component of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects IgM antibody to a peptide component of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen (EBNA-1) was compared with a conventional rapid heterophil antibody method for the rapid diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis. Discrepancies between the two methods were further analyzed using an indirect immunofluorescence assay to detect antibodies to EBV antigens. We evaluated 298 cases of suspected infectious mononucleosis. The ELISA was very sensitive (98.7%) and able to detect some cases (seven (9%) of 75 confirmed positives) that were negative by the rapid heterophil antibody test, but confirmed by immunofluorescence. However, approximately 17% of all positive tests could not be confirmed by EBV-specific immunofluorescence; thus, the overall positive predictive value was 83%; negative predictive value was 99.5%; and specificity was 93%. The high rate of false-positive tests makes this rapid ELISA unsuitable for the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serologic and virologic epidemiology of Epstein-Barr virus: relevance to chronic fatigue syndrome.

Patients considered to have chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have been reported to exhibit an increased antibody response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) early antigen complex and capsid antigen, findings that suggest some relationship between EBV and CFS. However, the serologic findings have not been totally consistent among different study groups, and the antibody patterns in asymptomatic individuals may be similar. Moreover, patients with symptomatology indicative of CFS do not appear to have an abnormal burden of EBV in body fluids and manifest only a variable, mild degree of EBV-specific cell-mediated responses. The evidence is growing that the serologic findings of an enhanced EBV state in individuals with CFS-like manifestations, as well as the subsequent reports of increased antibody titers to other viruses, reflect a generalized underlying immunologic dysfunction in these patients. Future studies with criteria-defined CFS study groups in which determinations are made of antibody responses to newly identified EBV-associated nuclear antigen components and distinct EBV proteins in addition to specific virologic and immunologic analyses of EBV may be worthwhile as a means of clarifying the association between EBV and CFS.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enteroviral meningitis in early infancy: significance in community outbreaks.

Sixty-eight episodes of aseptic meningitis were diagnosed in 67 children during summer-fall 1979. Enteroviruses were isolated from 38 (79%) of 48 cases (47 children) with viral isolation studies performed. In 27 cases the enterovirus was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid. Except for one Coxsackie B-4 and one Coxsackie B-5 virus infection, all of the enteroviruses isolated were echoviruses; no single echovirus type predominated. The ages of the children with aseptic meningitis associated with an enteroviral infection ranged from 3 weeks to 14 years, with 79% of patients being under 1 year old. Forty-seven percent were infants less than 4 months old. Mild hypoglycorrhachia defined as a cerebrospinal fluid: blood sugar ratio of less than 0.50 may be a common finding in enteroviral meningitis in very young children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genital infections with herpes simplex virus in a university student population.

The frequency of clinically evident genital infections with herpes simplex virus among students attending a large urban public university was studied. One-hundred ninety-eight students experienced 222 episodes of this disease over a one-year period. The mean age of the students, both undergraduate and graduate, with the diagnosis of genital herpes ranged from 23.6 years for those with a single initial episode to 24.9 years for those with recurrent episodes. The male-to-female ratio and socioeconomic class of students with genital herpes were not significantly different from those of the general university population. The incidences of both initial and recurrent episodes of genital herpes were statistically significantly higher during the months of July through October (with the exception of September). Genital herpes was a frequently diagnosed sexually transmitted disease among this student population.

Adult↗