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Biomedical subjects

C Urban

Publications and source records attributed to C Urban.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Analysis of alloreactive and cytotoxic canine lymphocytes and their precursors with murine monoclonal antibodies.

Four murine monoclonal antibodies were used in cytolytic assays to identify cell populations involved in canine T cell effector functions. Antibody DT-2, directed at T cells, and antibody DLy-6, a panlymphocyte antibody, inhibited mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) responses and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) activity only when lymphocytes were treated before culture (day 0), but they had no significant effect on these functions when cells were treated after 6 days in culture. Antibody DLy-1, reacting with canine lymphocytes and monocytes, abrogated MLC responses and CTL activity when responder cells were treated on day 0. When cells were treated after 6 days in culture, MLC responses were reduced to 47% of control, whereas CTL activity increased slightly. In contrast, the anti-Ia antibody 7.2 significantly reduced MLC responses and CTL activity of cells treated on either day 0 or day 6 of culture, suggesting that canine CTL express Ia antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Results of LSA2-L2 therapy in 26 children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Twenty-six children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 17 boys and nine girls, were treated with the LSA2-L2 protocol. Seven children had stage I or II, 16 Stage III and three Stage IV according to Murphy's staging system. Eight children had their primaries in peripheral lymph nodes, eight in the abdomen, six in the mediastinum and four in other sites. All tumors were classified histologically according to four different classifications. Overall disease-free actuarial survival is 53.6%. Complete responders show a disease-free survival of 77.8%. Fourteen children survived for 9-56 months. Included are all seven children with Stage I or II who survive irrespective of histologic type of the tumor. Of the remaining 12 children in Stage III or IV three children died in remission and nine of progressive disease. Eight of these nine patients did not attain complete remission. Whereas four of five children with the convoluted type of NHL survive, four of five patients with the Burkitt's type (small noncleaved follicle center cell lymphomas) died of progressive disease. According to Rappaport's classification, four of six children with diffuse undifferentiated lymphoma (DUL) are dead due to tumour progression. Considering the classification of lymphoblastic lymphomas introduced by Nathwani et al., 23 five of seven children suffering from lymphoblastic lymphomas but only two of eight children with nonlymphoblastic lymphomas belong to the survivors. Therefore histologic findings do hold prognostic significance in our series of children with NHL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Progress in the treatment of juvenile leukemias].

Between January 1979 and December 1980 64 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated in 9 pediatric clinics in austria according to the BFM study 76/790-protocol. For remission induction all patients received an 8 week multidrug regimen (West-Berlin ALL-protocol). High risk patients were defined according to a risk score at diagnosis and additionally treated with a 6 week reinforced reinduction protocol during the first half year after diagnosis. Maintenance therapy was stopped after about 22 months. The life table-analysis after 30 months showed a 75.5% disease free survival for the total group of patients. Compared with a control group of 228 patients treated between 1974 and 1980 in 9 different clinics in Austria according to 3 consecutive national treatment regimens (modifications of Memphis protocol VII and VIII), therapeutic results were markedly improved. After a follow-up of 36 to 90 months the overall oumulative remission rate was 37.7%. The results could be improved especially in the group of high risk patients for replase by 35% in contrast to the historical studies. A prognostic difference between low- and high risk-patients was not seen in the BFM study (84.3% vs. 69.9%). Without doubt, the marked improvement of prognosis is due to the intensification of therapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

[New therapeutic results in osteosarcoma].

Primary systemic chemotherapy and delayed surgery, if it is surgically feasible with preservation of the limb, has produced better results in osteogenic sarcomas than primary surgery with loss of time due to the postoperative therapy free interval. Histologic examination of the resected tumor determines the effect of preoperative chemotherapy and identifies patients at high risk. These patients not having a favorable effect on preoperative chemotherapy can be placed on an alternative postoperative regimen before relapsing clinically. These earlier changes of chemotherapeutic strategy in patients with histologically proven ineffective chemotherapy has yielded further improvement in treatment results in patients with osteogenic sarcomas with a 93% disease free survival (median 20 months) to date using an individualized taylored treatment approach at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center/New York. Now that effective chemotherapy is available for many other malignant tumors this model of "neo-adjuvant" chemotherapy could also serve as a model for the treatment of other highly malignant tumours.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1982

Preoperative chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma: selection of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy based on the response of the primary tumor to preoperative chemotherapy.

Since June 1978, 57 patients with primary osteogenic sarcoma of an extremity were treated with high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) and citrovorum factor rescue (CFR), Adriamycin, and the combination of bleomycin, cyclophosphamide and dactinomycin (BCD) given for 4-16 weeks prior to definitive surgery. Histologic examination of the resected primary tumor determined the effect of preoperative chemotherapy with many primary tumors showing greater than 90% tumor necrosis attributable to preoperative chemotherapy. All patients having this favorable effect of chemotherapy on the primary tumor were continued on the same chemotherapy regimen postoperatively (regimen B). However, in those patients not having a good effect of preoperative chemotherapy on the primary tumor, HDMTX with CFR was subsequently deleted from their postoperative chemotherapy and they were placed on a regimen containing cisplatinum at the dose of 120mg/M2 with mannitol diuresis combined with Adriamycin in addition to BCD (regimen A). In the current study, 35 of the 57 patients did not demonstrate a good effect of chemotherapy on the primary tumor and were assigned to regimen A postoperatively. Of these 35 patients, 32 (91%) have remained continuously free of recurrent or metastatic disease from 6-34 months following the start of therapy. Among the 22 remaining patients having a good histologic response and treated with regimen B postoperatively, there has been only one relapse in a patient who had a local recurrence in the area of an inadequately resected primary tumor three months after the cessation of chemotherapy. Thus, 53 of 57 patients (93%) are continuously with no evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease from 6-35 months (median, 20 months) from the start of treatment. This study demonstrates the value of thorough histologic examination in predicting survival in responding patients and in helping identify patients whose disease-free survival rate can be substantially increased if they are given alternative postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy after failing to have a good response to preoperative chemotherapy. This individualized chemotherapeutic strategy has yielded the highest disease-free survival rate reported to date for osteogenic sarcoma.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

Molecular weight of human gamma interferon is similar to that of other human interferons.

The molecular weight (as determined by molecular sieve chromatography) of human gamma interferon, formerly referred to as immune or type II interferon, is between 40,000 and 70,000. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gamma interferon activity was recovered mainly from two regions of the gels corresponding to molecular weights of 20,000 and 25,000. The results suggest that in native form human gamma interferon may be aggregated.

Glycoproteins↗
PubMed1982

Purification of two subspecies of human gamma (immune) interferon.

Interferon (IFN)-gamma was produced in cultures of human leukocytes by combined stimulation with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). IFN-gamma was purified by sequential adsorption and elution from controlled-pore glass and concanavalin A-Sepharose and by subsequent adsorptive removal of contaminating proteins on DEAE-Sephacel at pH 8.0. Treatment of such partially purified IFN-gamma preparations with the anionic detergent NaDodSO4 (0.1% at 20-25 degrees C) decreased biological activity to approximately 5-20%. When analyzed by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the bulk of IFN activity not destroyed by NaDodSO4 treatment was recovered from two peaks with apparent molecular weights of 20,000 and 25,000. The two activity peaks showed close correspondence with Coomassie blue-stained bands regularly demonstrable in purified supernatants from induced cultures but absent from culture supernatants from uninduced cells. Available evidence suggests that the two bands, isolated in pure form, represent subspecies of IFN-gamma. Native IFN-gamma was found to have a lower affinity for alkyl agarose columns than human IFN-alpha or IFN-beta did, suggesting that IFN-gamma is a relatively hydrophilic protein. Sulfhydryl-specific binding of native IFN-gamma to an Affi-Gel 501 column suggested that this IFN contains free sulfhydryl.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear presenting as sarcoma botryoides. Favorable outcome in a 12-year-old boy.

A 12-year-old boy presented with a history of earache, fever and granuloma of the auditory canal. Biopsy revealed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which led to complete disappearance of the tumor without recurrence after three years. Diagnosis, staging and timing of the treatment plan is discussed for this rare but highly malignant tumor.

Child↗
PubMed1981

[Treatment of Wilms' tumor (author's transl)].

Uniform treatment based on the therapeutic approach of the 1st and 2nd US National Wilms' Tumor Study was decided on in March 1976 by paediatricians, surgeons, urologists and radiotherapists in Austria. Wilms' tumour was diagnosed in 34 children between 1 january 1976 an 29 february 1980 (stage I: n = 11, stage II: n = 8, stage III: n = 8, stage IV: n = 7). Parents of two children refused treatments; both children have since died of metastases. Of the remaining 32 children 29 (90.6%) are alive, 10 for more than 4, 15 for more than 3 and 19 for more than 2 years after diagnosis. 21 children are without need of treatment. Three children have died, one due to postoperative complications, one due to haemorrhagic chickenpox, but free of tumour, and one after insufficient treatment. Two of the five children with a recurrence between 2 1/4 to 15 months after diagnosis had been treated inadequately in the initial phase. The tumour free survival rate in 74.2%. Two children with early occurring or recurrent lung metastases have survived for 53 1/2 and 54 months up to now.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Results of Primary chemotherapy and Delayed Surgical Resection in Osteosarcoma (author's transl)].

Primary systemic therapy with delayed surgical intervention has been employed for the treatment of malignant bone tumours since 1977 at the Universitäts-Kinderklinik and III. Medizinische Abteilung Graz. Improved therapeutic results, as originally reported on a large number of patients at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) seem to have been attained with a small group of patients (n = 5).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anaemia in a ten-year-old girl (author's transl)].

A 10-year-old girl suffering from post-hepatitic aplastic anaemia received 21 x 10(10) (5 x 10(8)/kg body weight) nucleated cells from her brother, whose HLA typing, but not his blood group, was identical with the patient's. Conditioning had been carried out with cyclophosphamide according to the Seattle protocol (50 mg/kg body weight on four successive days). On day 9 she showed signs of early engraftment by the appearance of granulocytes and their precursor cells in the peripheral blood. The new blood group of the patient's erythrocytes and the male karyotype of her leucocytes demonstrate successful engraftment. The child is now in excellent health 18 months after transplantation and requires no treatment of any kind. This paper reports the first bone-marrow transplantation in Austria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Intracranial bleeding during therapy with L-asparaginase in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Two patients developed clinical features of intracranial bleeding--which were confirmed by computerized axial tomograms--during their induction therapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia. Coagulation studies showed clotting abnormalities including severe hypofibrinogenemia. These findings most probably were related to the effect of L-asparaginase which was part of the treatment protocol. Central nervous system leukemia, intrathecal chemotherapy, cranial irradiation, extreme leukocytosis, or thrombopenia at the time of diagnosis or day of stroke did not appear to be predisposing factors in these cases.

Asparaginase↗