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Biomedical subjects

C Thiel

Publications and source records attributed to C Thiel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Allergy to dialysis materials.

One hundred and six unselected patients were screened for allergic symptoms, specific IgE against ethylene oxide (ETO), isocyanates (ISO), formaldehyde (FA), phthalates (PHT), total IgE and eosinophil count. Complement activation was measured during cellulosic dialysis in atopic patients and in a control group. Sixteen patients demonstrated mild allergic symptoms during dialysis treatment. Ten of them had IgE elevation and eosinophilia. Eight of these patients had positive RASTs (ETO: n = 5, ETO-ISO(?)-FA: n = 2, ISO-PHT: n = 1) against dialysis material. All eight had an eosinophilia and seven showed an IgE elevation. An amelioration of symptoms could be obtained in three patients with elevated (greater than 15%) ETO-binding values after switching to ETO-free dialysers; avoiding PHT- and ISO-containing dialysis materials allergic symptoms remained constant. Cuprammonium rayon-induced complement activation had a more rapid onset and was more pronounced in atopic patients. The study confirms the role of ETO, but not of the other dialysis materials in the allergic sensitisation of haemodialysis patients.

Complement Activation↗
PubMed1989

Results from a comparative dietary assessment in Europe: I. Comparison of dietary information derived from concurrently applied frequency questionnaires and quantitative measurement instruments.

Data from four central European dietary investigations carried out between 1982 and 1984 in the German Democratic Republic, Poland and the Federal Republic of Germany applying both a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a quantitative recording instrument (24-h recall, 3-d record or 10- to 14-d record) were analysed to compare frequency of food consumption as reported by the FFQ with the corresponding information as derived from the quantitative instrument. The actual intake was found to be overestimated by the FFQ for categories of frequent consumption and underestimated for categories of rare consumption. Categories for which both instruments yielded similar estimates of frequency were found to vary between food items and to depend on the overall frequency of consumption of an item. This indicates that when using unvalidated FFQs and taking their FFQ-categories literally artificial differences of food consumption within the population(s) under study can be introduced. This implies also the tendency that the average food intake estimated through FFQs can yield unrealistically high values for items consumed frequently.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Results from a comparative dietary assessment in Europe: II. Feasibility of pooling individual-based dietary data between countries.

Dietary investigations in four central European survey populations carried out in the German Democratic Republic, Poland and Denmark between 1982 and 1984 using different methodologies were analysed in order to assess the possibilities of characterizing the dietary habits of individual survey participants in a comparable fashion. This was done with the view of assessing the feasibility of a pooled cancer cohort study. For this purpose a method has been devised to combine dietary information derived by food frequency questionnaires and quantitative recording methods into a quantitative characterization of individuals' habits. A comparable characterization between different cultural settings could be demonstrated for a selected list of food items. The selection was determined by the food items considered in common in the different food frequency questionnaires and yielding sufficient and comparable variation as well as absolute amounts of intake. This was more clearly found for food items such as 'fruit' which experience a concise role in dietary habits. However, the observed discrepancies of the different dietary methods within the countries, and, most importantly, between the countries, result in distributions of average daily consumption values which are not deemed to be comparable.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Risk factors in the population of the GDR-MONICA Study (1983/84).

The GDR-MONICA project comprises 25 administratively defined areas with a population of nearly two million people aged 25-64. Data from the first random sample survey are reported here. The survey gathered information regarding risk factors, dietary behaviour, physical activity and psychosocial factors from 11,281 persons aged 25-64. The average risk factor levels were high in the population: The mean casual blood pressure was 140/88 mmHg and 138/86 mmHg for men and women respectively. In both sexes the mean total cholesterol level exceeded 6.1 mmol/L, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was just over 26.0. The study population consumed, on average, excessive amounts of energy, fat, alcohol, and sodium, and too few carbohydrates. Preliminary conclusions regarding unfavourable trends in risk factor levels have been drawn by comparing the present data with other recent reliable epidemiological studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Influence of nicotine on monocyte phenotype and function.

Monocyte expression of class II antigens was studied in smokers and in nonsmokers using double marker analysis and flow cytometry. There was no difference in class II expression with 78.8% and 79.3% class II+ monocytes in smokers and nonsmokers, respectively. Further, in vitro treatment with nicotine at levels seen in smokers (50 ng/ml) did not alter class II expression either. When analyzing TNF production using the Wehi 164/ActD 51Cr-release assay we observed a two-fold lower TNF production in smokers versus nonsmokers. In vitro treatment of monocytes with nicotine, however, did not reduce the LPS triggered TNF production.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1988

Tumor necrosis factor in human monocyte-mediated antitumor cytotoxicity.

The WEHI-164 target cells pretreated with actinomycin D can be employed in a 7-hour 51Cr release assay that exhibits exquisite susceptibility for cytotoxic monocytes without contribution by natural killer cells. The system can be used either to detect cell-mediated monocyte cytotoxicity directly or to measure cytotoxic-factor activity in cell-free supernatants. Analysis of cytotoxic factor demonstrates molecular characteristics similar to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and polyclonal as well as monoclonal antibodies specific for TNF can readily neutralize the monocyte-generated cytotoxic factor. In the cell-mediated approach, neutralization can be achieved as well, although somewhat higher amounts of antibody are required. Hence, the WEHT-164/actinomycin D system appears to detect monocyte cytotoxicity that is mediated by TNF.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Sonography of the irradiated breast].

Sonography was carried out in 30 patients several weeks and up to ten years after conservative surgery followed by irradiation of the breast. The changes due to radiotherapy generally lead to a diffuse increase in echogenicity, as compared with the normal breast. The changes are most marked in the early phase after treatment. They include widening of the cutaneous reflex. Sometimes there is a double contour, indicating oedema of the skin, increased echo from the subcutaneous fat and masking of Cooper's ligaments. Sometimes the increased echoes may obscure detail in the deeper glandular components. Localise recurrences are easily distinguished from the highly echogenic tissues. Bearing in mind the limitations of the method, ultrasound can be used with advantage in addition to clinical examination and mammography for follow-up of breast tumours after radiotherapy as well as in primary diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Three cases of hemodialysis-associated hypersensitivity reactions.

According to the United States Food and Drug Administration, untoward reactions to capillary hemodialyzers occur at a rate of 3.5 of every 100,000 dialyzers sold. Allergic symptoms immediately after initiation of dialysis consist of burning retrosternal pain, sensation of diffuse heat, cold perspiration, periorbital and facial edema, flushing, laryngeal stridor, bronchial hypersecretion, hypotension, bradycardia, and loss of consciousness. In 1982 Popli et al. reported four patients suffering from such allergic manifestations; three were successfully managed after being taken off dialysis. These investigators thought that inadequate rinsing of cuprammonium cellulose capillary dialyzers was responsible for the reactions, and recommended rinsing the blood compartment with 2 liters of normal saline, and the dialysate compartment with 10 liters of dialysate, both in a single-pass fashion over 20 minutes. Nichols and Platts (1982) (3) reported 15 patients with urticaria, severe bronchospasm, and shock occurring immediately after the blood had been returned from the dialyzer. These authors suggested that the sterilizing agent, ethylene oxide (ETO), was responsible. Poothullil et al. (1975) (4) described a patient with pruritus, severe dyspnea, and hypotension during dialysis. On the basis of a positive skin prick test (dermal reaction to ETO-exposed human albumin) and of antigen-induced histamine release from peripheral leucocytes, these workers suggested that ETO was responsible for the allergic reactions. Marshall et al. (1984) (5) reported that 8.9% of hemodialysis patients had positive skin tests to ETO and that 12.1% were ETO-radioallergosorbent test (RAST) positive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Not Available].

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Expeditions↗
PubMed1983

[Food allergies].

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Food Hypersensitivity↗
PubMed1982

[Ultrasonic mammography: its importance in integrated diagnosis of breast diseases (author's transl)].

Sonography of the breast is gaining in importance with the spread of diagnostic methods based on ultrasound in general and the increasing technical perfection of the equipment in particular. Over and above this, the increase in incidence of carcinoma of the breast at an increasingly early age represents a permanent challenge to achieve further optimisation of diagnostic methods. The following conclusions have been arrived at after evaluating 493 ultrasonic examinations of the breast, 212 of which were verified histologically (90 carcinomas): 1. If the indication is precise, sonography possesses a high degree of sensitivity in diagnosing any changes occurring in the breast. 2. The method offers particular advantages in patients with manifest signs having a dense parenchyma; in fact, with such patients sonography is often superior to mammography. 3. The additional use of sonography in diagnosis of diseases of the breast improves the results and often facilitates a less aggressive procedure (insofar as biopsies can be omitted). The main drawbacks are the great amount of time required for performing the examination, and the problem of documentation. This has been the major obstacle to using sonography in screening. The article discusses the indications, the typical sonographic criteria and problems of differential diagnosis in relation to the most frequently encountered diseases of the breast.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

[Long-term follow-up of lung function parameters in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated with prednisone and azathioprin or d-penicillamine (author's transl)].

The prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is poor, it amounts to 4-6 years (after beginning of the symptoms). Spontaneous remissions are very rare, the corticosteroid monotherapy shows a certain success in only 11-16-20% of the cases. Therefore, since 1970 we carry out a combined therapy (see above); the results, confirmed by pulmonary function tets (vital capacity, static compliance, pO2 at rest and after exercise) will be presented. In summary: (1) Azathioprin and Prednisone: After a treatment of 2 years: 6 patients improved, 2 deteriorated, 3 died; the corresponding figures after 4 years were 6/1/4, after 6 years 3/-/5, after 8 years 2/-/3; (2) D-Penicillamine and Prednisone: After 2 years 3/2/4, 1 unchanged; after 4 years 1/-/4, 1 unchanged. The results of the therapy are discussed especially regarding prognosis of the disease and used drugs.

Azathioprine↗