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Biomedical subjects

C Song

Publications and source records attributed to C Song.

180 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical and experimental research of the treatment of chronic renal failure with shenshuaifang].

33 cases of chronic renal failure (CRF) patients were treated by coloclysis with Chinese medicine Shenshuaifang (SSF). The effective rate was 60.61%, the total effective rate was 87.88%. It showed significant difference in the total effective rate compared with the control group (P less than 0.05). Animal experiments showed SSF could slow down the rising of the blood Cr and BUN of the mice which suffered with CRF, and reduce their urine protein. Conclusion. SSF had good effect on lowering the blood Cr and BUN of the CRF patients, so it could delay the progress of CRF, and it's effect was better than the general medical conservative treatment.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1990

[Involvement of oxytocin in spinal cord in acupuncture analgesia].

The influence of intrathecal injection of oxytocin (OT), anti-OT serum (AOTS) and naloxone on pain threshold and electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia in rats was investigated. The tail-flick induced by potassium iontophoresis was used to measure the pain threshold. The increase in pain threshold was observed within 70 min after OT injection (100 ng), and it was much more effective than that of the ACSF injection (P less than 0.001). The OT administration could enhance the EA analgesia. This effect was of dose-related. Although injection of AOTS did not affect the pain threshold, it diminished EA analgesia. Furthermore, injection of naloxone did not influence the action of OT on EA analgesia. Our results showed that OT in spinal cord plays an important role in the EA analgesia, and its effects is independent of endogenous opiate peptides.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of extensive recurrent hemangioma involving the eyelid].

Seven (7) cases of extensive hemangioma involving the eyelid, some with history of previous therapies, such as cryocoagulation, sclerosing agent or conservative surgical procedure that failed or the angioma rapidly increased in size after treatment, were performed radical excision by the authors with satisfactory follow-ups of 1-5 years. It was pointed out that conservative procedures could not cure palpebral hemangioma that were extensive and deep-seated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Calorie restriction delays age-dependent loss in androgen responsiveness of the rat liver.

We have shown that restricted calorie intake retards age-associated loss in androgen responsiveness of the rat liver. Sustained androgen receptivity delays age-dependent decline in the synthesis of the androgen-inducible alpha 2u globulin and derepression of the androgen-repressible senescence marker protein (SMP-2). Quantitation of mRNAs for alpha 2u globulin and SMP-2 in the liver of animals of various ages maintained on either ad libitum or restricted diets revealed that, although the 27-month-old ad libitum-fed rat had only 5% as much alpha 2u mRNA as the 6-month-old rat, the mRNA level was as high as 45% in the 27-month-old food-restricted rat. Conversely, the 27-month-old food-restricted rat had a much reduced amount (45%) of SMP-2 mRNA compared to the age-matched control that was allowed unlimited access to food. Furthermore, we have correlated the effect of dietary restriction on age-dependent changes in specific gene expression with the hepatic level of the immunoreactive cytoplasmic androgen-binding (CAB) protein. We observed that senescence in the male causes a substantial decrease in the circulating level of testosterone. However, dietary restriction does not retard the rate of decline in the plasma level of the male hormone during aging. These results indicate that age-dependent changes in the expression of androgen-responsive genes (alpha 2u globulin and SMP-2) reflect changing androgen sensitivity and that food restriction may directly influence the androgen receptivity of the liver.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

Prolonged bone marrow and skin allograft survival after pretransplant conditioning with cyclophosphamide and total lymphoid irradiation.

Current studies were designed to provide long-term survival of allogeneic skin and bone marrow in mice preconditioned with various combinations of cyclophosphamide (CY) and/or total lymphoid irradiation (TLI). Long-term skin graft and bone marrow survival was obtained across the major histocompatibility barrier (BALB/c into C57BL/6) using pregrafting conditioning with either fractionated TLI or the combination of CY with a single dose of TLI. CY alone and a single dose of TLI alone were relatively ineffective as pregrafting immunosuppressive combinations. Allogeneic bone marrow was required for long-term skin graft survival with either conditioning regimen. Allogeneic marrow transplantation resulted in somewhat more deaths than syngeneic transplantation with both CY + TLI and fractionated TLI.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inflammatory markers in younger vs elderly normal volunteers and in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND: Recently it has been reported that activation of the inflammatory response system (IRS) may play a role in the aging process and in the pathogenesis of the degenerative changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (SDAT). The aims of the present study were to examine the peripheral IRS in normal aging and in SDAT patients. METHODS: Serum zinc (Zn), total serum protein (TSP), albumin (Alb), SP electrophoresis, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) were determined in younger versus elderly healthy subjects and in SDAT patients vs. age-matched, healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Serum Zn and Alb were significantly lower in elderly than in younger healthy volunteers and were significantly and inversely correlated with age. The production of TNFalpha was significantly higher in elderly than in younger healthy volunteers and was significantly and positively correlated with age. In SDAT patients, no significant changes in serum Zn or TNFalpha production could be found. Serum Alb was significantly lower and serum IL-6 and the alpha1 and alpha2 globulin fractions significantly higher in SDAT patients than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Activation of the IRS appears to accompany the normal aging process, i.e. lower serum Zn and Alb and increased TNFalpha production, as well as SDAT, i.e. lower serum Alb and increased serum IL-6 and alpha1 and alpha2 globulin fractions. The findings suggest that not all indicators of IRS activation in SDAT are related to those of the normal ageing process.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mitochondrial inhibition and oxidative stress: reciprocating players in neurodegeneration.

Although the etiology for many neurodegenerative diseases is unknown, the common findings of mitochondrial defects and oxidative damage posit these events as contributing factors. The temporal conundrum of whether mitochondrial defects lead to enhanced reactive oxygen species generation, or conversely, if oxidative stress is the underlying cause of the mitochondrial defects remains enigmatic. This review focuses on evidence to show that either event can lead to the evolution of the other with subsequent neuronal cell loss. Glutathione is a major antioxidant system used by cells and mitochondria for protection and is altered in a number of neurodegenerative and neuropathological conditions. This review also addresses the multiple roles for glutathione during mitochondrial inhibition or oxidative stress. Protein aggregation and inclusions are hallmarks of a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence that links protein aggregation to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction will also be examined. Lastly, current therapies that target mitochondrial dysfunction or oxidative stress are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Open reading frames of turnip crinkle virus involved in satellite symptom expression and incompatibility with Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Dijon.

Carmoviruses are single-stranded, single component RNA viruses that include turnip crinkle virus (TCV) and the recently discovered cardamine chlorotic fleck virus (CCFV). Full-length, biologically active cDNAs were constructed for the TCV-M isolate and the Blue Lake isolate of CCFV. Using chimeric viruses constructed between isolates of TCV that produce mild or severe symptoms when coinoculated with a virulent satellite RNA, a Glu residue at position 1,144 in the polymerase open reading frame was identified as being involved in satellite-mediated symptom expression. To analyze viral determinants involved in resistance, chimeric viruses with precisely exchanged open reading frames were produced between TCV, which does not infect the Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Dijon (Di-0), and CCFV, which can infect Di-0, TCV with the coat protein of CCFV was able to systemically infect Di-0 although whole plant hybridizations revealed that the hybrid virus spread more slowly than either of the two parental viruses. These results indicate that the two parental viruses. These results indicate that the coat protein is an important viral determinant in the resistance of Di-0 to TCV.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interleukin-2-induced changes in behavioural, neurotransmitter, and immunological parameters in the olfactory bulbectomized rat.

The macrophage theory of depression proposes that abnormal secretions of the macrophage cytokines, an increase in interleukin (IL) 1, and a decrease in IL-2 may cause depression. The olfactory bulbectomized (OB) rat has been developed as an animal model of depression. In the present study, the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of IL-2 (10 U) for 7 days on behaviour, neurotransmitter concentrations, corticosterone levels, and some immune functions were investigated. In the novel environment of the 'open-field' apparatus, the OB rat showed increases in ambulation, rearing, grooming, and defaecation scores as compared with sham-operated animals. Following IL-2 administration, grooming and defaecation were significantly attenuated, while the ambulation and rearing scores were unaffected. In the elevated plus-maze, the increase in the time spent on the open arms of the maze by the OB animal was normalized by IL-2 administration. In the brain of untreated OB rats, the concentrations of noradrenaline were reduced; IL-2 treatment significantly increased the concentrations of noradrenaline and serotonin. After administration of IL-2 for 7 days, the impairments in the immune functions were also largely reversed in OB rats. Thus IL-2 significantly normalized the hyperactivity of mononuclear cells, the suppression of lymphocyte proliferation, and the reduction in the monocyte percentage in the white blood cell count in the OB rat. The concentrations of corticosterone in the serum of the OB rat were significantly reduced, but returned to control values following IL-2 treatment. The results suggest that IL-2 may have modulatory functions on behavioural, neurochemical, hormonal, and immunological aspects of the OB rat model of depression.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The endoplasmic reticulum chaperone GRP94 is induced in the thyrocytes by cadmium.

We established a relationship between the toxic effects of cadmium on the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone GRP94 (glucose regulated protein 94) and cell survival in cultured rat-thyrocytes of FRTL5 cells. There are no data reporting that the enhanced expression of GRP94 by Cd stimulation is detectable in thyrocytes. Western blot analysis revealed higher levels of GRP94 expression in those cells post-treated with low concentrations of Cd, following a step-down treatment method, than in Cd pre-treated cells or cells not treated with any Cd, due to changes in cellular sensitivity after pre-treatment with Cd and the possible induction of GRP94 expression after removal of a low concentration of Cd. Elevated GRP94 expression in thyrocytes post-treated with Cd confers a survival advantage by rendering them resistant to cytotoxic stress, and the existence in the thyrocytes of a Cd-specific pathway regulates the expression of stress proteins by Cd.

Cadmium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infection and the impact on cost effectiveness in wound care.

The financial impact of infections in treating persons with traumatic injuries at a hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa, are described. Principals of the management of infected wounds are reviewed. Factors that influence the choice of reconstructive options are given. The cost of using various dressings, particularly occlusive dressings, in the management of infected wounds is explored. This real problem in the wound care discipline commands due respect, and the literature is testimony to this. Central to the management of this potential complication in surgery is the oft-cited question of which prophylactic antibiotic to administer. The issue is so important in fields such as cardiothoracic surgery, hip joint replacement, and intracranial surgery, that the thought of not administering prophylactic antibiotics is not entertained.

Cost of Illness↗