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Biomedical subjects

C Scully

Publications and source records attributed to C Scully.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A study of the comparative efficacy of four common analgesics in the control of postsurgical dental pain.

Four common oral analgesics were tested in a single-blind trial to determine their relative efficacy in the management of postsurgical pain in 103 patients who had their impacted third molars surgically removed under general anesthesia. The analgesics tested were acetylsalicylic acid (26 patients), ibuprofen (26 patients), a paracetamol/codeine/caffeine combination (Solpadeine) (25 patients), and dihydrocodeine (26 patients). The paracetamol/codeine/caffeine combination, ibuprofen, and acetylsalicylic acid preparations produced equally effective analgesia. Dihydrocodeine was found to be a poor analgesic in this pain model. There were no adverse reactions to any of the preparations.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1990

The myelodysplastic syndromes. Case report and review.

The myelodysplastic syndromes are a heterogenous group of hematologic disorders of myeloid progenitor cells. Oral manifestations may be among the first signs and often reflect degrees of neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction. A patient with persistent herpes labialis and severe oral mucosal ulceration in myelodysplastic syndrome is reported. The features of myelodysplasia are reviewed and their oral manifestations and significance to dental management outlined.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1990

Multiple myeloma and bullous lichenoid lesions: an unusual association.

Many associations of lichenoid reactions have been described but this case appears to be a previously unreported association--with multiple myeloma. This case also demonstrates the necessity of a mucosal biopsy with adequate hematologic and serologic investigations to obtain a definitive diagnosis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Occupational injuries to dental personnel.

Occupational injuries to dental hospital personnel over 9 years (1980-1988 inclusive) were studied. Some 300 accidents were reported. Over one-half were sharps injuries. Over one-quarter were falls or collisions. Eye injuries accounted for some 10 per cent of incidents, burns and scalds the remainder. Serious complications were rare, but many of the injuries could have been avoided.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

Tumour progression in experimental oral carcinogenesis is associated with changes in EGF and TGF-beta receptor expression and altered responses to these growth factors.

This study examined the characteristics of premalignant oral epithelial cell lines derived from non-invasive palatal and lingual mucosa of rats painted with the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO) in vivo. In contrast to normal keratinocytes, premalignant epithelial cells had an extended life span, were independent of 3T3 fibroblast support, and expressed variable anchorage independence in gel culture and tumorigenicity in athymic mice. The expression of these functional phenotypes did not correlate with the duration of 4NQO treatment. Keratinocytes from 4NQO-treated tissues predominantly had fewer epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors than normal controls. The expression of high-affinity EGF receptors paralleled the emergence of the anchorage-independent phenotype and was markedly elevated in tumorigenic cell lines. Cell lines with an extended life span expressed fewer transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta) receptors than their normal counterparts though the loss of these receptors appeared to be unrelated to either anchorage independence or tumorigenicity. Normal keratinocytes were stimulated and inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, by EGF and TGF-beta respectively. By contrast, a cell line that was immortal, anchorage dependent and non-tumorigenic showed reduced sensitivity to stimulation by EGF and was inhibited only by high concentrations of TGF-beta. Cells that were immortal, anchorage independent and tumorigenic, however, were refractory to EGF and were inhibited only by high concentrations of TGF-beta. There was no correlation between the expression of EGF or TGF-beta cell surface receptors and the response to ligand binding. The results show that tumour progression in rat oral epithelial cells is associated with a progressive independence of growth factor control. The number and distribution of EGF and TGF-beta receptors may be useful markers in more closely defining the stages of epithelial tumour progression.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1990

Orofacial manifestations from accidental exposure to caesium 137 in Goiania, Brazil.

The accidental close exposure of over 200 adults and children to a caesium-137 (137Cs) source in Goiania, Brazil in 1987 produced significant short-term morbidity in about 50 patients, and four deaths within a few weeks. Some 57% of those maximally exposed to radiation, developed orofacial lesions, notably purpura, spontaneous bleeding, ulcers and/or acute candidiasis. These lesions were probably mainly the consequences of depression of bone marrow elements by the radionuclide. Though the oral lesions that may follow iatrogenic exposure to ionizing radiation are well recognized this appears to be the first report on the oral sequelae of a serious radiation accident.

Accidents↗
PubMed1990

Pattern, severity and aetiology of injuries in victims of assault.

Although the incidence of assault and other violent crime is increasing in the UK, the cause and overall pattern of injury, and the need for admission have not been defined in adult victims who attend hospital. In a prospective study, all 539 adult victims of assault attending a major city centre Accident & Emergency department in 1986 were therefore interviewed and examined. Facial injury was extremely common: 83% of all fractures, 66% of all lacerations and 53% of all haematomas were facial. The upper limb was the next most common site of injury (14% of all injuries). Twenty-six per cent of victims sustained at least one fracture and nasal fractures were the most frequently observed skeletal injuries (27%) followed by zygomatic fractures (22%) and mandibular body (12%), angle (12%) and condyle (9%) fractures. Seventeen per cent of victims required hospital admission. Overall, the type of injury observed correlated with the alleged weapon used (P = less than 0.001) though 20% of victims who reported attacks with sharp weapons sustained only haematomas or fractures. Injury most often resulted from punching (72% of assaults) or kicking (42% of assaults). Only 6% of victims reported injury with knives but 11% were injured by broken drinking glasses. Those who were kicked were most likely to need hospital admission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiology of mouth cancer in 1989: a review.

The oral cavity and pharynx combined is the sixth commonest site of cancer in both sexes. In many countries the mortality rate is increasing among younger men born since approximately 1910-1920. A causal role in the aetiology of mouth cancer has been established for tobacco use, both smoking and chewing, separately and in conjunction with betel-quid chewing; with alcohol consumption and, less certainly, with other factors such as poor oral hygiene, nutritional factors and certain occupational exposures. In Western countries, there is convincing evidence that a large attributable risk can be ascribed to the joint habits of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. In Asian societies, a high attributable risk can be ascribed to cigarette smoking and betel chewing. Mouth cancer is at the same time an important form of cancer, and one for which practical prospects for prevention already exist. Against this background of a continually increasing trend among younger persons, it seems essential to engage upon programmes of prevention, including increasing awareness for early detection, against mouth cancer at the present time.

Areca↗
PubMed1989

Lingual abscess in a patient with anorexia nervosa.

A 30-year-old female patient suffering from anorexia nervosa, developed an acute submandibular cellulitis. She was found to have a lingual abscess, for which the only detectable source of infection was a grossly carious lower molar. The oral features of the more common eating disorders are described.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

AIDS and dentistry.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗