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Biomedical subjects

C Scully

Publications and source records attributed to C Scully.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Tranexamic acid-associated ligneous conjunctivitis with gingival and peritoneal lesions.

A considerable number of agents have been proposed as causing ligneous conjunctivitis. We report the first case to arise as a side effect of tranexamic acid (Cyclokapron), an anti-fibrinolytic drug used in the treatment of menorrhagia. In addition to the typical conjunctival changes our patient had lesions affecting the gingiva and the peritoneum the last causing considerable protein loss into the peritoneal cavity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Oral lesions in the systemic mycoses.

Oral lesions have rarely been reported in systemic mycoses, though over the past few years they have been recorded particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The dramatic increase in numbers of immunocompromised persons, especially those infected with human immunodeficiency virus, has almost certainly been responsible for the increase in reports of oral disease caused by systemic mycoses, particularly aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, and histoplasmosis. However, reports of coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis have, as yet, increased little in this population. Dentists, when they observe chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or bizarre mouth lesions (particularly in immunocompromised patients) should be aware of the possibility of a systemic mycosis. Amphotericin remains the standard therapy for most deep mycoses, while the newer azoles are the first-line agents for superficial mycoses, such as candidiasis, and are increasingly used in the deep mycoses.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1990

Recognition of oral lesions of HIV infection. 1. Candidosis.

Oral problems are often the first significant clinical manifestations of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Their early recognition affords the best opportunity for effective therapeutic intervention of HIV infection and opportunistic infections, as well as for oral health education in order to avoid future problems. This also provides optimal time for behaviour modification and coming to terms with the psychosocial consequences of HIV disease. This series of three articles presents a pictorial review and update on the oral manifestations of HIV infection.

Candidiasis, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Dental manpower.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dental Assistants↗
PubMed1990

Non-A, non-B hepatitis and dentistry.

Non-A, non-B hepatitis (hepatitis C) is a viral infection(s) transmitted mainly by blood and blood products. Infection is usually asymptomatic, but typically followed by chronic infection, frequently with chronic liver disease. Although probably less than 1% of the UK population (and hence dental patients) are infected, groups at high risk for other blood-borne infections are also at risk for non-A, non-B hepatitis. Immunisation against hepatitis B cannot protect against non-A, non-B hepatitis; recommended cross-infection procedures must suffice to protect patients and staff.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1990

The behaviour of human oral squamous cell carcinoma in cell culture.

This study examined the initial behaviour of 48 human oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) in cell culture. The early outcome of these cultures (contamination, absence of cell growth, epithelial cell senescence/fibroblast overgrowth, extended keratinocyte growth) did not reflect the clinical characteristics of the tumours of origin. Four new human oral SCC cell lines were characterized more extensively. Each cell line was immortal, 3T3-independent, and expressed low degrees of anchorage independence (CFE less than 4 per cent). Two of the four cell lines were tumorigenic in athymic mice. All of the cell lines expressed keratin intermediate filaments and two showed weak co-expression of vimentin. A wide range of keratins were expressed by the tumour xenografts; cornified keratins (K1, K10) were only expressed in the absence of K19 and vimentin, and vice versa. The nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio and the degree of serum independence correlated with each other and with the STNMP clinical grading of the tumours of origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Dentition, oral hygiene, and risk of oral cancer: a case-control study in Beijing, People's Republic of China.

A case-control study of oral cancer was conducted in Beijing, People's Republic of China. The study was hospital-based and controls were hospital in-patients matched to the cases by age and gender. A total of 404 case/control pairs were interviewed. This paper provides data regarding oral conditions as risk factors for oral cancer, with every patient having an intact mouth examined (pre-operation among cases) using a standard examination completed by trained oral physicians. After adjustment for tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, poor dentition--as reflected by missing teeth--emerged as a strong risk factor for oral cancer: the odds ratio (OR) for those who had lost 15-32 teeth compared to those who had lost none was 5.3 for men and 7.3 for women and the trend was significant (P less than 0.01) in both genders. Those who reported that they did not brush their teeth also had an elevated risk (OR = 6.9 for men, 2.5 for women). Compared to those who had no oral mucosal lesions on examination (OR = 1.0), persons with leukoplakia and lichen planus also showed an elevated risk of oral cancer among men and women. Denture wearing per se did not increase oral cancer risk (OR = 1.0 for men, 1.3 for women) although wearing metal dentures augmented risk (OR = 5.5 for men). These findings indicate that oral hygiene and several oral conditions are risk factors for oral cancer, independently of the known risks associated with smoking and drinking.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Orofacial odontogenic infections: review of microbiology and current treatment.

Orofacial odontogenic infections are common. Current evidence indicates that anaerobes play a major role in these infections and that the most common microbial isolates are Bacteroides, fusobacteria, peptococci, and peptostreptococci as well as some viridans streptococci. Drainage must be established where possible. Penicillin is still the drug of first choice for therapy, with metronidazole a good alternative. Nevertheless, not all clinicians are aware of current views and, therefore, this article is a state-of-the-art review for the practicing clinician of the microbiology and antimicrobial therapy of orofacial odontogenic infections.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1990

Orofacial features of Scheie (Hurler-Scheie) syndrome (alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency).

Scheie syndrome is a rare inborn error of metabolism, a mucopolysaccharidosis in which deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-L-iduronidase leads to tissue accumulation of mucopolysaccharides. Scheie syndrome is a forme fruste of Hurler syndrome (gargoylism), and some patients have the phenotype of Hurler-Scheie compound syndrome. The craniofacial abnormalities include coarse facies, mandibular condylar hypoplasia, retarded tooth eruption, and cystic jaw radiolucencies--particularly about the molars. Corneal clouding may lead to blindness but, in contrast to some other mucopolysaccharidoses, mental handicap is rare in Scheie syndrome. Cardiac valve incompetence is common, as are recurrent respiratory infections. Two brothers with Hurler-Scheie syndrome are presented and the oral and systemic complications each patient had described. The syndrome is discussed with particular reference to the orofacial features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Adult linear immunoglobulin A disease manifesting as desquamative gingivitis.

Desquamative gingivitis is a manifestation of various dermatoses, particularly lichen planus and mucous membrane pemphigoid. A rare example of adult linear immunoglobulin A disease manifesting as desquamative gingivitis is presented. Although the initial clinical features were typical of desquamative gingivitis, the persistence of ulceration after dental extractions was unusual, and the management of the oral lesions proved difficult. The clinical, immunopathologic, and therapeutic aspects of linear immunoglobulin A dermatoses are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Increasing acceptance of hepatitis B vaccine by dental personnel but reluctance to accept hepatitis B carrier patients.

Dental personnel in London were surveyed for their uptake of hepatitis B vaccine and willingness to provide dental care to carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Most respondents were aware of current recommendations about vaccination, and three fourths of dentists had been vaccinated against HBV. However, only half of dental ancillary staff members had been vaccinated against HBV. Three fourths of the London dentists surveyed, despite their immunity against HBV, were unwilling to treat HBV carriers.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1990

The lateral medullary syndrome.

The lateral medullary syndrome is a rare syndrome resulting from a cerebrovascular accident involving part of the medulla oblongata with consequent loss of pain and temperature sensation in the orofacial region, loss of taste, and palatal palsy and loss of gag reflex, together with Horner's syndrome and ataxia. A case is presented and the literature reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy: a heterogeneous group of disorders.

Neuropathy affecting the face is a serious sign that warrants thorough and often multidisciplinary investigation. Patients with isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy (TSN) should be monitored for connective tissue disease, and some may develop multiple sclerosis or paroxysmal trigeminal neuralgia. A patient with chronic isolated TSN and Sjôgren's syndrome, Raynaud's phenomenon, arthropathy, vitiligo, and evidence of other immune dysregulation is presented. The literature is reviewed with respect to the heterogeneous etiology of TSN, and an attempt is made to identify subgroups and to evaluate prognosis from details of the history and systemic disorder associations.

Chronic Disease↗