Biomedical subjects

C Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to C Schmidt.

543 records · Page 31Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Calcium modulates the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 in isolated colonic mucosal cells.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The effect of calcium on colonic prostaglandin E2 synthesis was investigated in 26 healthy volunteers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Biopsy specimens were obtained by colonoscopy and the mucosal cells were separated biochemically. The cells were incubated in EDTA or CaCl2 containing media for 15 and 30 minutes. RESULTS: The PGE2 synthesis was significantly (p < 0.001) diminished in the calcium free suspension (EDTA) compared to the CaCl2 containing suspension. To increase intracellular Ca2+ concentration, calcium ionophore A 23187 was added for the last 15 minutes. It significantly stimulated the prostaglandin production. In addition, the calcium channel blocker verapamil did not alter the PGE2 synthesis, whereas trifluoperazine, a calmodulin inhibitor, markedly decreased the production rate. CONCLUSION: Calcium is an important stimulus of prostaglandin synthesis and inhibition of calmodulin by trifluoperazine decreases the arachidonic metabolism. In these regards, colonic tissue shares features with other tissues. However, in contrast to smooth or cardiac muscle, intracellular calcium concentration in colonic mucosa is not affected by verapamil, indicating that colonic calcium channels have a different affinity to this drug.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of active and postactive ileal and colonic Crohn's disease with oral pH-modified-release budesonide. German Budesonide Study Group.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Budesonide is a glucocorticoid with a high topical anti-inflammatory but low systemic activity due to its rapid hepatic inactivation. The aim of this open, multicenter study was to investigate efficacy and safety of oral pH-modified-release budesonide in patients with active Crohn's disease of the ileum and colon and in maintaining budesonide-induced remission in postactive Crohn's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 81 patients (intention-to-treat) received 3 x 3 mg budesonide/day for 6 weeks, followed by 3 x 2 mg budesonide for another 6 weeks in case of response to initial treatment. Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed at study entry as well as after 2, 4, 6 and 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: On an intention-to-treat basis remission was induced in 54.3% of 81 patients with active Crohn's disease, 71.4% of 35 patients stayed in remission after the acute-phase treatment until the end of the trial. Typical steroid-related side effects were observed during the acute-phase treatment in only 18% of the patients. Duration, severity and extent of disease at study entry played no significant role in the outcome of the trial, but there was a tendency towards better results during the acute-phase treatment in patients with moderate disease activity and affection of the terminal ileum and proximal colon. CONCLUSIONS: Budesonide could be an alternative to conventional steroid treatment in patients with active Crohn's disease.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Magaldrate stimulates endogenous prostaglandin E2 synthesis in human gastric mucosa in vitro and in vivo.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays an important role in the inhibition of gastric acid production and exerts cytoprotective action. The in vitro and in vivo effect of magaldrate, an aluminum containing antacid, on PGE2 synthesis in the gastric mucosa was investigated. METHODOLOGY: In the first part of the study, magaldrate was added to a suspension of isolated gastric mucosal cells. In the second part, the antacid gel was applied to the gastric mucosa during gastroscopy and biopsies were taken from the same site 5 and 10 min later. RESULTS: The antacid significantly stimulated PGE2 release from the suspension of isolated gastric cells in vitro. The biopsies obtained after the application of magaldrate showed an increased PGE2 production compared to specimens obtained before. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that in addition to its neutralizing capacity as an antacid, magaldrate contributes to the cytoprotective activity of the mucosa by stimulating endogenous PGE2 synthesis.

Adult↗