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Biomedical subjects

C Roux

Publications and source records attributed to C Roux.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Bone and phosphoro-calcium metabolism in reflex sympathetic dystrophy].

A combined study organised by the French Society of Rheumatology was devoted to the investigation of bone and phosphoro-calcium metabolism in cases of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. The following observations were made: the usual phosphoro-calcium parameters are not altered, apart from a slight elevation of the urinary calcium in multifocal forms of the disease, during the 3rd and 4th months; the level of PTH, studied in 11 patients, was normal in each case; the examination of 8 bone biopsies, one performed in the 7th week and six others performed during the 3rd and 4th months of the disease, showed, initially, invasion of the spongy tissue by oedema, signs of marrow stress and bone stress, with a reduction in the number of osteoblasts, without any marked alteration of bone remodelling. At a later stage, the biopsy shows intense bone remodelling with hyperosteoclastosis and hyperosteoblastosis and the formation of irregular bone tissue which later becomes lamellar. Electron microscopic study of two biopsies revealed signs of acellular demineralisation with normal appearance of the osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1982

Ovarian follicular populations in pony and saddle-type mares.

Five pony and 5 saddle-type mares were used to compare total ovarian follicular populations between breeds. The animals were hemi-ovariectomized at the preovulatory stage during the breeding season and the ovary bearing the large preovulatory follicle was studied using histological techniques. Pony and saddle-type mares did not differ as to mean number of primordial follicles, mean number of growing follicles, the variability of these numbers and follicular distribution into various size classes. No difference was detected either in the initiation processes of follicular growth, oocyte growth, granulosa cell multiplication and follicular atresia. However, significant differences were found in the pattern of antral formation (P less than 0.01). The present data suggest that pony mares are a valuable tool for the study of follicular populations in equines. The main features of the equine ovary are the small number of follicles (35 950 primordial and 100 growing follicles) and the high individual variability of this number (5 600 to 75 000 primordial and 20 to 300 growing follicles).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[The incidence of congenital malformations. A five-year study carried out in a Paris maternity unit (author's transl)].

The congenital malformations arising out of 13,335 deliveries that occurred over the course of five years in the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the hospital of Saint-Antoine were recorded. Their overall frequency was 3.37%. Details are given of each malformation. Often malformations are linked to perinatal mortality (14.2% of stillbirths are malformed). There was no difference to be found between different ethnic groups. Pathological developments in previous pregnancies were not particularly frequent. Bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy was significantly more frequent in congenital abnormalities.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1981

[Pituitary agenesis in the rat: synthesis of testosterone in fatal testes].

Testosterone radioimmunological assays were made in testes of 19th day fetuses affected with pituitary agenesis. Testosterone was found very reduced but still present, indicating a basic synthesis, independent of hypophyseal stimulation. General apparatus of affected fetuses is grossly normal. Intervention of chorionic gonadotrophin is hypothesized.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Antenatal diagnosis. 601 chromosome examinations (author's transl)].

601 antenatal chromosome tests were carried out by culturing amniotic liquor. The fetal caryotype was abnormal in 18 cases (3.1 per cent). Most of the examinations were carried out because of advanced maternal age and they gave rise to the diagnosis of 15 abnormalities (3.3 per cent). It should be possible to carry out this kind of screening of patients over the age of 38.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Semen analysis in subfertile balanced-translocation carriers.

The spermograms of 19 subfertile translocation carriers were analyzed. Most of these men had moderate oligo-/astheno-/teratospermia. The results were widely spread, and some reached normal values, suggesting that autosomal rearrangement of the karyotype does not lead to severe oligospermia or azoospermia as do sex chromosome aberrations. No statistically significant differences in sperm count, motility, or morphology were found when semen analysis results of subfertile balanced-translocation carriers were compared with those of subfertile men with normal karyotypes. Since semen analysis alone is insufficient to allow prediction of an autosomal rearrangement of the karyotype, chromosome analysis should become a part of the routine investigation of subfertile men. The association between translocation heterozygosity and reduced fertility in men cannot be easily explained. The possible reasons underlying impaired spermatogenesis in some translocation carriers are discussed in relation to meiotic findings in animals.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Teratogenic effect of an inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis (AY 9944) in rats: correlation with maternal cholesterolemia.

The teratogenic action of AY 9944, an inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis, was previously shown. Its prevention by simultaneous administration of cholesterol led to the hypothesis that this action is correlated with the decrease in cholesterol. The present investigation demonstrates that there is an inverse correlation between holoprosencephalic type of malformations and maternal cholesterolemia and that, in Wistar rats, 0.30 g/liter of cholesterolemia is a threshold under which these malformations can be observed.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1980

Photosensitivity in South Africa. II. The experimental production of the ovine hepatogenous photosensitivity disease geeldikkop (Tribulosis ovis) by the simultaneous ingestion of Tribulus terrestris plants and cultures of Pithomyces chartarum containing the mycotoxin sporidesmin.

The mycoflora of toxic pastures were surveyed during a number of outbreaks of ovine hepatogenous photosensitivity in South Africa. Pure cultures of several isolates were dosed to sheep, but only those of Pithomyces chartarum and Myrothecium verrucaria proved to be toxic. Photosensitization was induced in sheep by dosing them with cultures of a P. chartarum isolate (GA10) obtained from Tribulus terrestris plants collected during an outbreak of geeldikkop in the Karoo. Thus for the first time a mechanism whereby T. terrestris plants can contribute to the causation of ovine hepatogenous photosensitivity was demonstrated. When cultures of GA10 equivalent to approximately 0,75--4,0 mg/kg sporidesmin were dosed at Onderstepoort Veterinary Research Institute to Highveld and Karoo sheep on a diet of lucerne, facial eczema was produced. Dosing the same cultures at levels equivalent to c. 1,0 mg/kg of sporidesmin in the Karoo resulted in lesions characteristic of both facial eczema and geeldikkop. Typical hepatic lesions of geeldikkop could be elicited by dosing GA10 at levels equivalent to c. 0,25--0,7 mg/kg of sporidesmin to Karoo sheep grazing on predominantly T. terrestris pastures in the Karoo. In the latter experiment geeldikkop was induced in the sheep on T. terrestris pastures, while those receiving identical doses on veld with little T. terrestris developed facial eczema. Geeldikkop, therefore, can be brought about by the ingestion of T. terrestris plants together with toxic cultures of P. chartarum. The plant appears not only to act as a vehicle for ingestion of spores, but also to interact with sporidesmin to induce lesions typical of geeldikkop, whereas sporidesmin alone results in facial eczema. Indications are that it can enhance the ability of sporidesmin to cause photosensitivity or, possibly, vice versa. The histopathological findings of these experiments are described in detail.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Teratogenic action and embryo lethality of AY 9944R. Prevention by a hypercholesterolemia-provoking diet.

Embryomortality and teratogenesis provoked by inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis are well demonstrated. Teratogenic action is particularly reflected by holoprosencephalies, but also by uro-genital abnormalities. A hypercholesterolemia-provoking diet has been shown to be completely effective for preventing holoprosencephaly, but only partially so for preventing the uro-genital malformations and fetal mortality. It is thus possible that the two types of abnormalities are governed by different mechanisms. In addition, the diet itself, whose hypercholesterolemic effect is considerable, has certain disadvantages. It seems to have a certain effect on fetal mortality and could be responsible for several uro-genital malformations. This deserves further study.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1979

Interpretation of isolated agenesis of the pituitary.

Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors administered to rats caused more or less complete forms of the holoprosencephalic syndrome, consisting of severe abnormalities of the brain, sense organs and pituitary. The absence of the pituitary was also observed in fetuses without externally visible cephalic abnormalities. These observations suggest that the isolated absence of the pituitary is the lesser form of the holoprosencephalic syndrome. This interpretation is also valid for cases of isolated absence of the pituitary observed in humans.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1978

A case of ring Y chromosome.

Ring Y chromosome 45,X/46,X,r(Y) was identified by fluorescence in a child with ambiguous external genitalia, urogenital sinus, vagina, uterus, and Fallopian tubes. Testicular tissue was noted on gonadal biopsy.

Disorders of Sex Development↗