This study aimed to determine the contribution of the underlying dentine and the enamel-dentine junction to measurements of mineral loss from enamel recorded using quantitative light fluorescence (QLF). Sixteen square blocks (5 x 5 mm) were cut from the labial surfaces of extracted bovine incisor teeth. A dental drill was used to remove dentine and the enamel-dentine junction from half of each specimen. All specimens were embedded in epoxy resin and ground to produce a smooth, flat enamel surface. Half of the enamel surface of the block, perpendicular to where the dentine had been removed, was demineralised for 72 h prior to undertaking QLF measurements from the enamel surface to compare fluorescence loss from different areas of the block. QLF readings taken from lesions with no underlying dentine or enamel-dentine junction were very similar to readings from lesions with underlying dentine. A comparison of the two data sets demonstrated a linear relationship with a gradient of 0.95 and a y intercept of -1.24 (r(2) = 0.936). From these data, the underlying dentine and enamel-dentine junction did not influence mineral loss in enamel measured using QLF.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lymphoscintigraphy in the sentinel lymph node technique for breast tumor: value of early and late images for the learning curve.

As the performance of early (H+1 to H+4) and late (D1) lymphoscintigraphic images raises organizational problems in outpatient surgery for breast cancer, only early images are generally obtained. The present study evaluated whether two series of images are better than one and defined the advantages of both methodologies. One hundred and eighteen patients with infiltrating breast carcinoma (T(0), T(1) and T(2)) were included in the study: 87 in group A (early and late images) and 31 in group B (only early images). All patients received two peritumoral injections of (99m)Tc-sulfur colloid, 15-18 MBq (group A) and <15 MBq (group B). During the operation, the patent blue bye technique was associated with radioactivity detection. The two groups were comparable for histological type and tumor size and localization. Successful localization of sentinel nodes on early lymphoscintigraphic images was significantly greater for group B. The identification of a sentinel node focus on early lymphoscintigraphy increased by 10% during the study. Sentinel node detection by the isotopic method alone, or the two methods combined, was comparable for both groups. In radioactivity detection, the count rate for sentinel nodes versus background (contralateral breast) was similar for the two groups. During the learning phase, two series of images gave a definite advantage. Subsequently, lymphoscintigraphy performed at +2 h was sufficient (the results for the two groups became indistinguishable).

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Evolution of circadian blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion according to the type of diabetes over a 10-year period].

UNLABELLED: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the circadian blood pressure and rinary albumin excretion (UAE) according to the type of diabetes over a 10-year period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study is based on 43 diabetic patients, 24 type 1 and 19 type 2. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was used to assess blood pressure at the initial evaluation (A0) and about 10 years later (A10). UAE was also checked at 10 years interval and was <30 mg/day at A0. RESULTS: At A0, ABPM and UAE did not differ in a significant manner between type 1 and type 2 diabetics. Type 2 diabetic patients were older than type 1 (59.7 +/- 15.4 vs 42.9 +/- 12.9; p<0.0001) but the age of diabetes did not differ between the 2 groups. Between A0 and A10, there was an increase in 24 h SBP of type 1 and type 2 diabetics (type 1: 114 +/- 10 vs 124 +/- 12 mmHg; p<0.01 and type 2: 113 +/- 19 vs 135 +/- 13 mmHg; p<0.0001). 24 h DBP, as well as BP differences (day-night) did not differ between the 2 evaluations. At A10, 24 h SBP was higher in type 2 than in type 1 (135 +/- 13 vs 124 +/- 12 mmHg; p<0.001) but differences between day and night BP were not significant. In type 1 diabetes, progression of SBP was not associated with an increase in UAE rate, while this rate increased in type 2 betwwen A0 and A10 (9 +/- 7 vs 70 +/- 101 mg/24 h; p<0.01). AT A10, UAE was higher in type 2 than in type 1 diabetes (70 +/- 101 vs 14 +/- 31 mg/24 h; p<0.02). In type 2 diabetes, the progression of UAE was correlated with SBP at A10 (r=0.495; p<0.03). CONCLUSION: The increase in BP levels and in UAE rate differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and these differnces are not due to patients age, nor to modifications in BP curves. They are probably linked to a physiopathology which could be more complex in type 2 than in type 1 diabetes.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Erosive oesophagitis revealing acute zinc deficiency during parenteral nutrition. A case report.

We report a case of acute zinc deficiency which occurred during parenteral nutrition in a patient with anorexia nervosa and which was characterized by a painful erosive oesophagitis preceding the typical oro-cutaneous symptoms. We also discuss the interpretation of plasma and urine zinc levels, the predisposing role of total parenteral alimentation and the specific therapeutic implications.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied