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Biomedical subjects

C Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to C Rossi.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Extralobar pulmonary sequestration in children: presentation of a case].

The pulmonary sequestration is an anatomical condition with as isle of pulmonary tissue independent from tracheobronchial tree. This tissue has an independent artery originated from aorta. Anatomically we can have two types of sequestration. The first is the condition of an isle of pulmonary tissue included without any separation in the lobe; this condition in named intra-lobar sequestration. On the other hand we have a second condition with an isle of independent pulmonary tissue surrounded with independent pleura; the last one is named extra-lobar sequestration. In the present article the authors describe a case of extralobar sequestration in a two years old girl. The symptoms presented by the girl were hyperpyrexia, tough and recurrent bronchopulmonary infections. The girl underwent surgery removal of sequestration. The authors describe their experience, the importance of symptomatology and the anatomo-pathologic characteristics of this lesions.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A pharmacological rationale for neoadjuvant chemotherapy with adriamycin in locally advanced breast cancer.

Some locally advanced neoplastic diseases (i.e. head and neck cancer, breast cancer and osteogenic sarcoma), benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a resultant enhanced operability and a longer disease-free survival. The pharmacological study of the tissue distribution of adriamycin in patients affected by locally advanced breast cancer has shown a preferable tropism of the drug toward the primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes. Median concentrations of the drug in the tumor were: 9.68 micrograms/gr at 30 minutes, 8.71 micrograms/gr at 24 hours and 6.44 micrograms/gr at 48 hours. Median concentration in lymph nodes at 48 hours was 10.80 in normal and 16.62 in metastatic. Lower concentrations were found at 48 hours in the mammary gland (mean 1.72 micrograms/gr), skin (mean 0.59 micrograms/gr) and in muscle tissue (mean 1.83 micrograms/gr in normal and 2.41 micrograms/gr in metastatic). As regards acute toxicity, we observed that grade II-III leukopenia was associated with longer plasmatic T1/2 beta (3 out of 6 patients) and that grade II mucositis was related to high plasma AUC values (3 out of 6 patients). Nausea and vomiting and alopecia seem to be unrelated to plasma pharmacokinetics parameters. After a median follow-up of 36 months it is suggestive that high drug concentrations in carcinoma and in metastatic lymph nodes may be predictive of longer disease-free survival and overall survival. These data give a further rationale for the use of polychemotherapies containing adriamycin in the pre-operative treatment of locally advanced breast cancer.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flavone acetic acid pharmacokinetics in nude mice.

The pharmacokinetics of flavone acetic acid (FAA) were comparatively studied in Balb-c mice and in immunocompetent nude mice treated with i.v. doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg. In both strains of mice, FAA kinetics appear to be dose-dependent, since the AUC values increased disproportionally to the dose. FAA protein binding and the pattern of distribution were similar in Balb-c and nude mice, the highest drug concentrations being found in liver and small intestine and the lowest in brain. Renal excretion appears to be the major route of FAA elimination in both strains, accounting for about 75% of the total drug administered after a dose of 100 mg/kg and 50-60% after a dose of 300 mg/kg. We conclude that FAA pharmacokinetics are comparable in Balb-c and nude mice so that the previously investigated FAA dosage schedules in inbred mice can also be employed in nude mice bearing human tumors.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transcatheter embolization of expansive masses of the sacrum].

The authors report their 4-year (1984-1988) experience with TCE in the treatment of primary sacral benign/malignant and vascular bone tumors, after similar preliminary studies on aneurysmal bone cysts. Eleven patients were treated, for a total of 21 procedures: in 85% of the eight cases of palliative embolization, multiple instrumental approaches were needed for late revascularization, up to four consecutive embolizations in the same patients. Severe complications were observed in 19% of the procedures, due to arterial catheterization and/or instrumental maneuvers, but in none of them was surgery required. Technical results--i.e. devascularization of the mass--were optimal/suboptimal in all cases at the end of multiple procedures in the same patient: in 7/8 patients treated for palliation, however, the treatment was repeated, the late venous DSA angiographic control showing recanalization of the great vessels surrounding the lesion and/or revascularization through collateral channels. The analysis of morphological and clinical results (with reference to pain relief, dimension of the mass, and calcification at CT follow up) showed a complete pain relief in 100% of the patients treated preoperatively for palliation. The dimension of the mass was reduced in 12.5% of the cases treated for palliation, and recalcification was demonstrated on CT in 12.5% of cases. In 25.5% the mass had increased in size and in 62.5% its dimensions were unchanged. Effective pain relief was always obtained in the cases treated preoperatively. Thus, in our experience TCE of expansive lesions of the sacral bone can be considered as an effective therapeutical choice, with special reference to pain relief, for use in all inoperable cases, and as a preoperative treatment to minimize blood loss at surgery. Still, embolization materials are not completely satisfying: many of them are expensive, difficult to use and cannot be trusted to permanently occlude the vessels, which forces to intervene more than once to obtain optimal clinicomorphological results. As for malignant lesions, chemo-embolization with cytostatic substances should be used to improve the efficacy of the method. However, even through such negative judgements can be expressed on TCE, both technical and clinical results have been, in our experience, quite satisfactory, which calls for optimization of the methodology.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipiodol UltraFluid in the imaging diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma with cirrhosis].

Fifty patients with HCC associated with hepatic cirrhosis underwent intra-arterial injection of Lipiodol UltraFluid (LUF) during diagnostic DSA of liver parenchyma, 42 of them for a complete chemotherapeutic treatment, 8 for an isolated diagnostic control. LUF is known to be specifically captured by HCC neoplastic tissue, with long-term persistence in the lesion if injected in the arterial hepatic tree; this is not the case with other focal hepatic masses. Therefore LUF opacification can be used to demonstrate small daughter tumors not shown by CT or US in cases with evidence of HCC, or to diagnosis HCC in clinically positive patients with no evidence of tumor at non-invasive screening. In our series of patients, accumulation of LUF in the HCC was observed in 100% of the cases, with no false negatives. Two false positives (4%) were observed, due to CT being performed too early (it should be performed not sooner than 10 days after the injection). Overall DSA accuracy was 78%, with 22% false negatives. In 14% of the cases DSA was positive for HCC in patients with aspecific noninvasive screening. CT, performed 10 days after LUF injection, demonstrated HCC daughter tumors not depicted by US, conventional CT, and angiography, in 34% of the cases, and in 9% of the patients only CT/LUF was able to show HCC in clinically positive cases with no evidence of tumor on other imaging techniques. Specificity, sensitivity and over-all accuracy were thus 100% in our series; LUF was well tolerated by the patients, and no technical complications were observed. In our opinion, the diagnostic DSA and CT/LUF is justified only for the typification of suspected focal nodules unsuitable for biopsy: in other instances, especially in case of HCC with positive biopsy/clinical findings and focal nodular mass, the technique should be directly employed as a therapeutic approach, with the injection of lipiodolized agents to treat both primary and daughter nodules after surgery in operable patients, and to begin chemoembolization treatment in patients with intrahepatic polyfocal diffusion. DSA and LUF are therefore of primary importance in the diagnosis and therapeutic flow-chart of HCC associated with hepatic cirrhosis.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical results and fetal biochemical data in 140 early second trimester diagnostic cordocenteses.

The authors report their experience on 140 diagnostic cordocenteses performed in the early trimester of pregnancy (technique, indications and complications). Furthermore the Authors report preliminary data concerning various fetal blood biochemical parameters (22) obtained by cordocentesis at 18-19 weeks of pregnancy (42 cases). Fetal and maternal values are compared.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arterial and venous blood viscosity in ischemic lower limbs in patients affected by peripheral obliterative arterial disease.

Blood, plasma and serum viscosity, packed red cell volume, and plasma fibrinogen concentration was measured in a group of 13 subjects, suffering from peripheral obliterative arterial disease of the lower limbs (stage III or IV), awaiting surgery, and in 9 control subjects, none of whom showed signs of circulatory disease of the lower limbs either by clinical examination or by instrumental measurements. The blood samples were taken from the: (a) antecubital vein; (b) femoral vein; (c) femoral artery. In the patients venous blood viscosity was significantly higher than arterial blood viscosity. No significant differences have been found between the femoral and the antecubital vein, but in the femoral vein blood viscosity was slightly higher. Packed red cell volume and plasma viscosity were slightly but significantly higher in venous blood, while no difference was seen in serum viscosity and in plasma fibrinogen concentration. In the control subjects blood viscosity values were decidedly lower than in patients and no statistically significant differences were to be found between artery and vein, even if viscosity values were lower in artery. These results support the hypothesis that an interrelation exists between hyperivscosity syndrome and vascular ischaemia-inducing diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long term results of isolated mitral and aortic valve replacement. A statistical evaluation.

589 patients were followed up between 1972 and 1977 after aortic (285) or mitral valve (304) replacement. Three hundred and thirty patients had a ball valve (Starr-Edwards) and 259 a disc valve (Björk-Shiley). The average follow up was 37 months for the mitral patients and 40 months for the aortic. The results were analyzed by statistical methods based on multifactor analysis (cluster) in order to test the homogeneity of the different groups of patients. Survival and embolism were followed by actuarial rates. The survival rate between AVR patients at 72 months was 93 per cent for the Björk and 71 per cent for the Starr valve was a statistically significant difference. The survival of MVR at 48 months was 84 per cent for Starr and 78 per cent for Björk prostheses; no significant difference was found on statistical analysis. Embolic episodes occurred at a rate of 16 per cent for the Björk and 14 per cent for the Starr valves in AVR, and 10 per cent for the Björk and 18 per cent for Starr prostheses in MVR. These differences were not significant. By the cluster analysis based on different parameters (age, valve lesion, NYHA class, duration of symptoms, C/T ratio, size of the left atrium) it was shown that no proper risk factors were found between the parameters under consideration. We conclude that in both aortic and mitral valve replacement, the most important risk factor is the type of prosthesis and the presence of the prosthesis itself.

Adult↗