Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Ripert

Publications and source records attributed to C Ripert.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

An epidemiological study of a Schistosoma intercalatum focus in south-east Gabon.

A Schistosoma intercalatum focus in south-east Gabon was studied between July 1989 and July 1990. Among the 356 permanent residents in the village, 354 provided stool specimens and 101 (28.5%) were excreting eggs (geometric mean of egg density = 101.4 eggs/g, with a range of 1-3200). The pattern of prevalence and intensity of infection with age showed the curve usually found in schistosomiasis, i.e. increasing during the first 2 decades of life and then gradually decreasing. The analysis by stepwise logistic regression of factors shown to be important in determining infection in other schistosomiasis clearly demonstrated the significant and independent effects of both age and water contact on infection by S. intercalatum. These similarities with other schistosomal infections could indicate that similar immune mechanisms were operating. Urine from 284 subjects, of whom 90 were egg excreters, was tested for circulating antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a Schistosoma genus-specific monoclonal antibody (Sm 10.27.12). The test was positive for 90 subjects but only 35 of these were egg excreters. Although S. intercalatum is usually considered of low pathogenicity in man, this study showed a relationship between egg excretion and both splenomegaly and lower haemoglobin levels, even after taking into account the confounding presence of Plasmodium falciparum.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiologic study of dracunculosis in the Podokwos of the Mandara mountains (northern Cameroon)].

The purpose of the present work is the study of the epidemiological aspects of dracontiasis in an endemic area in Cameroon. The study was undertaken in the central Podokwo settlement in Mora subdivision. It is a mountainous area with a climate characterized by a long dry season, from October to mid-May, and a short rainy season. Two seasonal, streams run across the settlement. The water supply of the community is ensured throughout the year by two well built wells. During the rainy season, shallow unprotected wells are the water sources of about 80% of the inhabitants. Among the 944 subjects studied in our sample, 251 had the disease, corresponding to a prevalence of 26 6%. There is no significant difference between both sexes in the prevalence of the disease in our study. The age group 13-26 years is most affected. The worm load varies from 1 to 5, averagely 1.5. As to the localization of the worms in the body, in 92.7% of cases the worms is located in the lower limbs, the feet alone representing up to 46.8%. Less common sites of localization are the head, the breast, the external genitalia. The maximum rate of infestation is observed between August and September. Desinfection of wells with chemicals would be recommended during this period of time.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Focus of borreliosis in Gisenyi (Rwanda)].

As a result of the increase of relapsing fever cases in a rural area of West-Rwanda, a study of ticks collected in the houses has been performed. Ornithodoros moubata specimens were found in large amount. In patients, fever is the most frequent symptom. Serological tests performed in the surrounding area of patients with Borrelia in the blood are often positive, this confirming the ancient existence of the disease among inhabitants.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[In vivo amodiaquine sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in the town of Cotonou and in the vicinity (Bénin)].

In the coastal area of Benin, where chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains occur, 152 children in the Guezo military camp (Cotonou) and 448 children in a fishermen village (Ekpe), on the southern bank of lake Nokoue, are examined. The falciparum malaria infected children (29 and 135 respectively) have received 35 mg/kg body weight of amodiaquine (Flavoquine) divided in three consecutive daily doses. Only one child among the 69 treated having a parasitemia higher than 1,000/mm3 failed to be cured. The amodiaquine tolerance is excellent for, respectively, 64% and 72% of the children. Minor side-effects are rapidly regressive. The frequency of conjonctival hyperhemia as an amodiaquine side-effect is nevertheless relatively high (14.7%) in the children regularly treated with this drug, e.g. those of the military camp, while it is rare (0.8%) in others, e.g. in the fishermen village children where amodiaquine is unusual as an antimalarial medicine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imported malaria at hospitals in Bordeaux (France) in 1987 and 1988. Report of 185 cases].

100 cases of imported malaria were registered in Hospitals of Bordeaux in 1987 and 85 in 1988. Origin of infestation is Africa in 88 p.c. of the cases mainly from Central Africa (50 p.c.) in 1987 and western Africa (67 p.c.) in 1988. The most frequent species was Plasmodium falciparum 73 p.c. in 1987 and 82 p.c. in 1988. Admitted cases in Bordeaux were mainly French (81 p.c.) with a significant male prevailing and young adults. Mean age was 29 for Europeans and 19 for the others mainly Africans. Infestation risk is in close correlation with the duration of stay in endémic zones. It is maximum for stays between 2 and 11 months. Delay for first symptoms to appear following return from an endemic zone depends of species concerned during the first month, 83 p.c. of malaria fever at Plasmodium falciparum during the second quarter, 50 p.c. of fever at Plasmodium vivax, and after one year or more 40 p.c. at Plasmodium ovale. Only 1/4 of the cases were diagnosed during the first 48 hours. Delay in diagnosing may be prolonged and is in relationship with Plasmodium falciparum chemoresistance and self-medication. 21 strains of Plasmodium falciparum were chloroquinoresistant in vitro: 1 from French Guyana, 9 from Western Africa, and 11 from Central Africa. The strain from Guyana was also less sensible to quinine with a IC 50 = 480 nmol/l.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiologic study of the focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mokolo (North Cameroon)].

Fifty-eight patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis are studied in the North of Cameroon. All of them are living in an area located not further than 30 miles away from Mokolo. Both sexes are equally concerned. Young adults are representing the age group the most frequently infected. The greatest number of cases is observed in August and September during the rainy season. Uncovered parts of the body, the face and the limbs, are mostly concerned. They are only one, or more often many different lesions, which are separated one from the next, and which are evoluting naturally towards cicatrization, leaving usually a cicatricial mark. Diagnosis is achieved by discovering the Leishman-bodies in the smears or in the skin sections.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology of dracunculosis in the Mandara Mountains (North Cameroon). Organization of a control campaign].

The map of the Mandara Mountains dracuntiasis focus showing the wells and water bodies, which are the transmission sites of the disease in the study area, shows that the focus is relatively well limited. The drilling of new wells, the protection of existing water bodies used for human consumption, the health education project and the treatment of water by temephos lead to ascertain that the number of Guinea worm cases seen is decreasing every year in the area where the project is meticulously performed. These encouraging results show that it is now possible to eliminate the Guinea worm from North Cameroon by extending the operations in progress to the comprehensive surface of the focus, including the remote areas in mountains and the satellite foci in the plain along the Nigerian border.

Cameroon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiological aspects of malaria in 2 villages of the Manyemen forest region (Cameroon, southwest province)].

In terms of parasitaemia in blood, the prevalence was 18.7% for Plasmodium falciparum, 10.5% for P. ovale and 1% for P. malariae in the villages of Mungo Ndor and Kokobuma. The plasmodial index of children from 2 to 9 years of age was 38.2% and the spleen index 26.6%, with a mean HACKETT score of 1.56. Malaria is thus meso-endemic in the region. The immunofluorescent test performed with a P. falciparum antigen was positive in 66% of the children in the same age group. Parasites were seen in 15% of new-born children. The malaria infection indices were higher in Mungo Ndor, which is located on the main road in the vicinity of the Manyemen hospital, than in Kokobuma. Morbidity and mortality due to malaria remain major problems in this part of the South-West Province, in spite of improving primary health care facilities and free chloroquine distribution. Anopheles gambiae is the main vector of malaria in the area, and transmission is interrupted only during the short dry season.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiological study of onchocerciasis and malaria in Bamendjin dam area (Cameroon). Malacologic fauna and risks of schistosomian introduction (author's transl)].

Report of survey in Bamendjin dam area indicates that 25 p. 100 of the population have a blood smear positive for malaria (P. falciparum) and 80 p. 100 have a positive indirect immunofluorescent test for malaria. The vector is A. funestus. In male inhabitants 23,2 p. 100 of the snip-biopsies are positive for O. volvulus and 40 p. 100 of the indirect immunofluorescent test are positive. In female inhabitants the respective ratios are 14,4 p. 100 and 48,8 p. 100. There is no urinary or intestinal schistosomiasis in this area but specimens of potential vectors have been detected.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiologic study of intestinal and urinary bilharziasis in the Tala Mokolo region (Mandara Mountains, North Cameroon)].

In the Mandara Mountains, where small dams have been erected, people living in the Tala Mokolo district eliminate some S. haematobium eggs in 31,4% of urines samples, and some S. mansoni eggs in 38,1% of stools samples. Evaluated from hemagglutination test, bilharziosis prevalence reaches 55,7%. Male subjects are more frequently affected than female subjects, particularly as for as intestinal bilharziosis is concerned. Urinary bilharziosis prevalence or intestinal bilharziosis prevalence are subject to proximity of small water reservoirs mostly infested either by Bulinus globosus or Biomphalaria pfeifferi. These small water reservoirs are mainly "mayo" head-bays.

Adolescent↗