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Biomedical subjects

C Ratnakar

Publications and source records attributed to C Ratnakar.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
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Perinatal autopsy--a seven-year study.

A retrospective analysis of autopsies conducted on perinatal deaths during 7 years period (Oct 1983 to Sept 1990) was done. There were 650 neonatal deaths and 944 still births during the study period. Autopsy rates among neonates and still births were 33% and 4.9% respectively. There ware significant findings in 97.2% of neonatal deaths and in all still births. Pulmonary lesions followed by congenital malformations were the major pathological findings. Infection was observed among smaller number of babies compared to other Indian studies. Autopsy revealed many internal congenital malformations which were not diagnosed clinically. Autopsy changed or added to clinical diagnosis in 59.5% of cases. Perinatal autopsy is highly productive in our set up.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pebbling of the skin: a marker of Hunter's syndrome.

A 9-year-old boy, the third child of nonconsanguinous parents, presented with asymptomatic, solid, raised skin lesions over the upper back. They first appeared at the age of 4 years. Gradually similar lesions appeared over the chest, neck, arms, and thighs. On examination, he had firm, hypopigmented to skin-colored papules and nodules which coalesced to form ridges in a reticular pattern (pebbling of the skin) and were arranged bilaterally and symmetrically over the scapulae, pectoral region of the chest, and lateral aspects of the arms and thighs. They resembled sulci and gyri of the brain. He had normal intelligence, short stature, coarse facial features, thick lips, a large tongue, clear corneas, a protuberant abdomen with hepatosplenomegaly, and broad hands with clawlike contractures of the distal interphalangeal joints. Investigations revealed cardiomegaly and proximal tapering of metacarpal bones. Although peripheral blood smear and urine spot test for mucopolysaccharides were negative, histopathology of a representative skin lesion was compatible with the diagnosis of Hunter's syndrome. The case is reported for its rarity and the typical skin lesions, the recognition of which may be helpful in diagnosis and genetic counseling.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Redistribution of gastric Helicobacter pylori after surgery for duodenal ulcer.

OBJECTIVES: To study the distribution of H. pylori in the stomach before and after truncal vagotomy and drainage (TV + D) for chronic duodenal ulcer. METHODS: Twenty two consecutive patients studied prospectively. H. pylori positivity detected by urease test and histology (Giemsa stain). One or both tests positive indicated positive H. pylori status. Biopsies taken from antrum, body, fundus and stoma (postoperatively) to document H. pylori status before and 6 months after TV + D. RESULTS: Antral prevalence of H. pylori significantly decreased after surgery while fundal colonization significantly increased. No change was seen in body of stomach. CONCLUSION: There is significant redistribution of H. pylori after TV + D. This has important diagnostic implications in evaluation of postoperative symptoms.

Drainage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract in south India.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common human infection. Though most individuals are asymptomatic, H. pylori plays a key role in the aetiology of many upper gastrointestinal disorders. The prevalence of duodenal ulcer in south India is high but there are very few reports regarding the prevalence of H. pylori infection in various upper gastrointestinal disorders in south Indians. Therefore, we studied the prevalence of H. pylori infection in upper gastrointestinal disorders in south Indians. METHODS: Three hundred and thirty-five patients with various upper gastrointestinal disorders were included in the study. Seventy-five patients with no gastrointestinal disease based on symptoms and endoscopy were taken as controls. The H. pylori status was determined by the urease test, serology and histology and the prevalence compared between various upper gastrointestinal disorders, with controls and with one another. RESULTS: The prevalence of H. pylori was high in the patients and controls. Duodenal ulcer patients had a significantly higher prevalence compared to controls (p < 0.001) and those with other upper alimentary disorders. There was no significant difference between patients with other disorders and controls nor between each other (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of H. pylori infection is high in south India. It is closely associated with duodenal ulcer. More population-based studies are required to evaluate the relationship of H. pylori with other disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Gastrointestinal Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Helicobacter pylori infection in duodenal ulcer with gastric outlet obstruction.

One hundred and three patients were included in the study. Thirty seven had duodenal ulcer (DU) (Group I), 35 DU with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) with presence of an active ulcer in the duodenum (Group II). Thirty one had DU with GOO but no active ulcer (Group III). Presence of H. pylori infection was determined by urease test, serology and/or histology. The prevalence of H. pylori in these groups was compared. Levels of Anti-H. pylori IgG antibody titres were also compared. The patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) were significantly younger (38 +/- 2 years) compared to those with established gastric outlet obstruction without ulcer (45 +/- 2 years) (P = 0.02). The prevalence of H. pylori infection in DU (95%), DU with GOO with ulcer (91%) and DU with GOO but no ulcer (90%) was not significantly different (p > 0.05). Anti-H. pylori IgG antibody titre levels were 72 +/- 6 EU/ml in Group III. The titre levels between Group I and Group III were significantly different (P < 0.05). The prevalence of H. pylori infection is high is patients with DU and is unaltered by gastric outlet obstruction. The presence or absence of an active ulcer with gastric outlet obstruction does not affect its association with H. pylori infection.

Adult↗