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Biomedical subjects

C Ponticelli

Publications and source records attributed to C Ponticelli.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Thiazide diuretics in renal hypercalciuria.

Forty-six renal hypercalciuric normocalcaemic patients were treated with hydrochlorothiazide (50mg/day) and amiloride (5 mg/day), both to reduce new stone formation and to suppress parathyroid hyperfunction. A reduction of hypercalciuria and suppression of parathyroid hyperactivity were observed in 41 patients, while in the other five patients no evidence of parathyroid suppression was found and hypercalcaemia developed. Four of five patients underwent parathyroidectomy which was followed by a normalisation of biochemical signs of hyperparathyroidism. These results suggest that the appearance of hypercalcaemia in renal hypercalciuric patients during hydrochlorothiazide/amiloride treatment may be of diagnostic value in unmasking pharmacologically non-suppressible normocalcaemic hyperparathyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder↗
PubMed1978

Increase in plasma extracellular fluid volume ratio caused by bilateral nephrectomy in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Changes, observed in rats after bilateral nephrectomy, in blood pressure and in the relation betwen plasma volume-extracellular fluid volume or plasma volume-interstitial fluid volume, are consistent with the postulation that the kidney secretes a substance that regulates, to some degree, the compliance of the interstitial space. In order to evaluate the possibility that this also occurs in humans, we have carried out a retrospective analysis of measurements of extracellular fluid volume, plasma volume, and blood volume made prior to and after bilateral nephrectomy in a group of 9 patients. It was observed that significant increases had occurred in both the plasma-extracellular fluid volume ratio (0.22 before, 0.26 after) and in the blood-extracellular fluid volume ratio (0.27 before, 0.32 after). These data are consistent with a reduction in compliance of the interstitial compartment caused by bilateral nephrectomy in man, even though other explanations cannot be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Lipid disorders in renal transplant recipients.

Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoprotein and phospholipid levels were higher in 76 transplant recipients than in normal age-matched controls. 22 patients exhibited a normal lipid pattern; 12 a type IIa, 12 a type IIb, and 30 a type IV hyperlipidemia. Lipid abnormalities were not related to serum creatinine, parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum albumin, plasma glucose, transplant age, relative body weight or steroid administration schedule. Only plasma triglyceride level was related to mean prednisone dosage. In order to reduce the apparent cardiovascular risk posed by these changes in plasma lipid concentration, hypocaloric diet was administered to 16 patients with hypertriglyceridemia or mixed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. With these dietary measures, plasma lipid concentrations returned to normal and remained stable during the period of observation (6--18 months).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Long term follow up of IgA mesangial deposits glomerulonephritis.

The clinical course of IgA Mesangial Deposits Glomerulonephritis (MDGN) has been investigated in 178 patients for 1 to 32 years (mean 6 years) from the onset of symptoms. Impairment of renal function occurred in 28 patients, 13 of whom required RDT or died in uraemia. Hypertension was observed in 67 patients. The actuarial survival rate at ten years was 91%. A significant correlation was observed between the occurrence of renal failure and the following features: absence of episodes of gross haematuria, early appearance of hypertension, marked proteinuria and sclerosing glomerular lesions. These data suggest that IgA MDGN has generally a very prolonged course, but in a few cases may evolve, sometimes early, to chronic renal failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Late recovery of renal function in a woman with the hemolytic uremic syndrome.

A case is reported of the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in a woman taking oral contraceptives. She was treated with heparin, dipyridamole and hemodialysis; and after more than three months, her urinary output rose above 500 ml; and six months after the onset of anuria, dialysis treatment was stopped. This case emphasizes the possibility that HUS in adults is not invariably irreversible and that, despite prolonged oliguria, recovery of renal function can be obtained. Therefore, in adult patients affected by HUS, dialysis should not be discontinued prematurely; moreover, bilateral nephrectomy, for treatment of severe hypertension and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, should be performed with caution.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Pharmacokinetics and effects of propranolol in terminal uraemic patients and in patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment.

Propranolol blood and plasma levels were measured after a single oral dose of 40 mg in patients with chronic renal failure, in patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment, and in healthy volunteers. Peak levels were observed in all cases within 1.5 to 3 hours. However, peak blood and plasma concentrations of propranolol in the chronic renal failure group were 2- to 3-fold higher (161 +/- 41 ng/ml) than those observed in the dialysis patients (47 +/- 9 ng/ml) and in the healthy volunteers (26 +/- 1 ng/ml). The apparent plasma clearance was also significantly reduced in the patients with chronic renal failure. The data suggest a reduced hepatic extraction in chronic renal failure patients. A significant increase in the fraction of the dose available to the systemic circulation was also found, together with a modification of apparent plasma half-life and volume of distribution in regular dialysis patients during the dialysis day as compared with the after-dialysis day. No extraction of propranolol by the dialyzer was noticed. Marked fluctuations in propranolol blood concentrations were also observed in patients on regular dialysis following continuous propranolol treatment. The suppressive effect of propranolol on plasma renin activity did not fully correlate with the hypotensive effect of the drug. On the basis of the reported data, propranolol should be used with great caution and at low doses in chronic renal failure.

Adult↗