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Biomedical subjects

C O Callender

Publications and source records attributed to C O Callender.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Organ donation in blacks: a community approach.

Our intent is to educate the black community about the dangers of hypertension and the need for kidney organ donors in a population that is uniquely affected by renal failure. The desired goal then is to stimulate the black community to: have annual blood pressure checks so that an early diagnosis of high blood pressure (hypertension) can be made and early treatment can be received; and become better informed about the "Gift of Life" concept and have family meetings in which donating organs after death is strongly considered. The adoption of these recommendations will likely result in a decrease in the incidence of renal disease, since the leading cause of renal disease in blacks is hypertension. This silent unrecognized killer produces renal failure in blacks 17 times more often than in whites. We expect that increasing the number of black organ donors will result in an improved success rate in black recipients of transplants from recently decreased persons. It is clear that the black community can play a major role in elucidating and, perhaps, eradicating this serious medical problem.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous renal allograft rupture 4 years after transplantation.

Previously, the longest reported interval between clinical renal transplantation and 'spontaneous' renal allograft rupture was 170 days. We here report a case with an interval of 4 years between renal transplantation and the delayed 'spontaneous' renal allograft rupture (DSR). The aetiology appears to be a vigorous rejection confirmed by operative and pathological findings. The patient who was a cadaver donor recipient presented with pain and tenderness at the transplant site, falling haematocrit, hypotension and azotaemia. The details of this presentation are discussed and the need for immediate transplant nephrectomy is emphasized.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1984

Successful pregnancy with sickle cell disease and renal transplantation.

Renal transplantation has been very effective in the treatment of end-stage renal disease. Over 750 cases of successful pregnancies in these patients have been reported, and only 15 patients with sickle cell disease (homozygous hemoglobin S) have had renal allografts. The present study documents the first case of a successful pregnancy in a patient with sickle cell disease and renal transplantation. The combined complications increase the risks in view of the susceptibility of certain vital organs in pregnancy. Careful multidisciplinary management enhances successful outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Renal transplantation in heroin addicts.

On the basis of our experience, therefore, we believe that the reformed heroin addict is a good candidate for cadaveric donor renal transplantation if he can be discouraged from returning to heroin use. The fact that the majority of the patients in our study returned to marijuana smoking after transplantation has raised the issue of its role as a possible immunosuppressant.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Successful management of Pseudomonas endogenous endophthalmitis.

A 38-year-old man acquired a Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection after transplant nephrectomy. After an initial response to therapy, Pseudomonas sepsis developed, and he was readmitted to the hospital. Two days after admission, blurred vision developed. Ocular examination revealed a severe vitritis and exudate in the pupillary space on the right side. Endogenous endophthalmitis was suspected, and a diagnostic vitreous aspiration yielded P aeruginosa on culture. The patient was treated with intravitreal, subconjunctival, and topical antibiotics as well as periocular steroids, and was able to achieve useful vision before his death from his systemic illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Spontaneous bladder rupture and cytomegalovirus infection complicating renal transplantation: cause or coincidence?

The high incidence of surgical complications following renal transplantation is well known. Urologic complications, however, present some of the most challenging problems to the transplant surgeon. The authors present here a detailed case report of spontaneous (delayed) bladder rupture (SDBR) which occurred 90 days after kidney transplantation in a recipient with cytomegalovirus infection (CMV). Urinary catheter drainage is recommended in preference to surgical intervention for the successful correction of SDBR. It is postulated further that, despite a negative bladder biopsy, CMV may have infiltrated the bladder and contributed to this "spontaneous" bladder wall rupture.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Attitudes among blacks toward donating kidneys for transplantation: a pilot project.

PATIENTS REQUIRING KIDNEY TRANSPLANTS HAVE THREE POSSIBLE SOURCES: (1) a kidney from an individual who dies suddenly (approval for the transplant must be given by the next-of-kin of the deceased); (2) a kidney from a relative; and (3) a kidney from one who "willed" it to be transplanted following his or her death. Each of these circumstances requires decision making. On the basis of this information, a research program designed to determine the nature of attitudes of blacks toward kidney donations was developed. Results disclosed a lack of knowledge about kidney transplantation; disassociation and lack of communication between blacks and the medical community; religious fears; fears of premature death; and racism.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1980

Malignant hypertension revisited: the role of bilateral nephrectomy.

Hypertension is the leading cause of renal failure in this dialysis and transplant center. When malignant hypertension is encountered, the symptom complex of cachexia and failure to thrive highlights its clinical presentation. The courses of 32 black renal hypertensive patients studied retrospectively demonstrated this symptom complex as well as prolongation of survival, when bilateral nephrectomy and renal transplantation were used as definitive treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Pancreatic abscess: a major complication of cystogastrostomy.

Twelve cases of pancreatic abscess, managed at two hospitals in the District of Columbia, are analyzed. Forty-two percent of cases followed acute pancreatitis and infected pancreatic pseudocysts without previous surgical intervention. In 58 percent of the patients, pancreatic abscess was a complication of internal drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts. A discussion of management problems is presented.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

Renal transplantation in Reye's syndrome: fate of the recipient--a case report.

A case is reported of a successful transplant of kidneys from a 15-month-old girl who died of complications of Reye's syndrome. The patient is well 28 months after the transplant and, despite treatment for 2 rejection episodes, there had been no increase in viral serologic titers nor evidence of the clinical viral syndrome. The literature on renal transplantation in Reye's syndrome as well as Reye's syndrome itself is reviewed. The world literature on this subject is sparse and this case is presented to give support and justification for the use of Reye's syndrome cadaver donors.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts by external drainage.

Twenty-two patients were treated for 25 occurrences of pancreatic pseudocysts. The male to female ratio was 3:1, and the average age was 39 years. Alcoholism was the most common cause of the preceding episode of pancreatitis. The pseudocyst rarely developed from end-stage chronic pancreatitis. Our preferred treatment for the majority of pancreatic pseudocysts is external sump drainage, if there is no obstruction of the distal part of the pancreatic duct. This form of treatment was followed by a 100 per cent survival rate, and neither a pancreaticocutaneous fistula nor a pancreatic abscess occurred. The two instances of a recurrence were due to our treatment with a Penrose drain alone, and this practice is not recommended. Obstruction of the distal part of the pancreatic duct negates external sump drainage, and in such instances, a Roux-en-Y cystojejunostomy should be the treatment of choice and not transgastric cystogastrostomy, which does not offer dependent drainage. The treatment of a pancreatic pseudocyst should not be equated with that of chronic fibrotic pancreatitis, as the basic pathologic clinical features and response to surgical treatment are quite different.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Adult cytomegalic inclusion retinitis.

Two cases of adult cytomegalic inclusion retinitis are described in renal transplant patients. The areas of initial involvement by the retinitis were left atrophic and demarcated from normal retina by a hypopigmented area in the retina. Both cases were complicated by the development of a secondary glaucoma with open angles. The glaucoma in each patient was successfully managed by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, epinephrine drops, and cycloplegias. One patient still retains normal visual acuity in the eye which had active retinitis.

Adult↗