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Biomedical subjects

C Morin

Publications and source records attributed to C Morin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Irreversible renal failure associated with triamterene.

A 66-year-old man was admitted with acute oliguric renal failure. The patient was known to have chronic heart failure (ejection fraction 13%) and his medication included furosemide, digoxin and triamterene. Physical examination was unremarkable, and blood pressure was 170/80 mm Hg. Serum creatinine was 1,173 mumol/l. Renal ultrasound, CT scan and angiogram were normal. Despite correction of potential reversible factors and discontinuation of triamterene, renal function did not improve. Renal biopsy showed tubular obstruction with deposition of birefringent crystals and interstitial lymphocytic infiltration; the crystals emitted a blue autofluorescence at 425 nm, typical of triamterene. Renal tissue contained large amounts of triamterene (6.44 mg/g kidney at the initial biopsy and 400 micrograms/g kidney 5 months later). Triamterene has been previously reported to cause acute reversible renal failure, but to our knowledge, this is the first case of irreversible renal failure due to intratubular obstruction by triamterene crystal deposition.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

Sensitivity of monosynaptic test reflexes to facilitation and inhibition as a function of the test reflex size: a study in man and the cat.

In parallel experiments on humans and in the cat it was investigated how the sensitivity of monosynaptic test reflexes to facilitation and inhibition varies as a function of the size of the control test reflex itself. In man the monosynaptic reflex (the Hoffmann reflex) was evoked in either the soleus muscle (by stimulation of the tibial nerve) or the quadriceps muscle (by stimulation of the femoral nerve). In the decerebrate cat monosynaptic reflexes were recorded from the nerves to soleus and medial gastrocnemius muscles; they were evoked by stimulation of the proximal ends of the sectioned L7 and S1 dorsal roots. Various excitatory and inhibitory spinal reflex pathways were used for conditioning the test reflexes (e.g. monosynaptic Ia excitation, disynaptic reciprocal inhibition, cutaneous inhibition, recurrent inhibition, presynaptic inhibition of the Ia fibres mediating the test reflex). It was shown that the additional number of motoneurones recruited in a monosynaptic test reflex by a constant excitatory conditioning stimulus was very much dependent on the size of the test reflex itself. This dependency had the same characteristic pattern whatever the conditioning stimulus. With increasing size of the test reflex the number of additionally recruited motoneurones first increased, then reached a peak (or plateau) and finally decreased. A similar relation was also seen with inhibitory conditioning stimuli. The basic physiological factors responsible for these findings are discussed. Finally, the implications for the interpretation of experiments in man with the H-reflex technique are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of two oral rehydration solutions in eutrophic infants with moderate acute diarrhea: results of an interim analysis.

A randomized, multicenter clinical trial comparing two oral rehydration solutions (ORS) with different sugar content and total osmolality was carried out in France. Solution A had 168 mmol/L of sugar and a total osmolarity of 326 mosm/kg; solution D had 90 mmol/L of sugar and a total osmolarity of 240 mosm/kg. Weight gain, stool output, and biologic variables were analyzed. This interim analysis included 49 infants (27 in group A and 22 in group D). Patients in both groups gained weight without any significant difference between the two ORS. Between admission and day 4, the overall number of stools and the number of liquid stools decreased. Laboratory values were within the normal range on admission and remained unchanged. The weight increase during the first 24 hours and the reduced frequency of stools was similar in both groups.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of the dislocated hip from walking age to 5 years].

Review of 93 previously not-treated congenital dislocations of the hip, followed at the Institute Calot between 1965 and 1985. Three dislocations were treated by immediate surgical reduction and for the remaining 90 cases, the basic treatment was orthopedic reduction followed by innominate osteotomy. Femoral derotation osteotomy was also performed in 13 cases. Out of them 6 with various effect. Surgical reposition was necessary in 9 cases. The main technical aspects and problems are described. The complications were: abnormal development of the superior femur: 4 cases. Recurrent luxation and subluxation: 5 cases. Early fusion of the triradiate cartilage: 13 cases. Mostly transitory stiffness: 17 cases. Superficial sepsis: 7 cases. Greenstick fractures: 5 cases. Forty five hips were reviewed at the end of the growth period. The sphericity of the femoral head was evaluated according to the criteria of Mose and the coverage of the head according to the criteria of Lequesne. The results were presented according to the classification of Séverin, modified by Robert and Seringe with additional criteria of Mose for evaluation of the morphology of the head. Out of 45 cases there were 36 normal hips (80%), with 12 perfect hips.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Rabbit blastocoelic fluid regulation of tumor-cell proliferation in vitro.

To determine whether rabbit blastocoelic fluid could inhibit tumor-cell proliferation, day-9 and day-12 embryonic fluids, together with autologous and homologous sera, were collected from pregnant or pseudopregnant rabbits and tested against 13 different cell lines and on human carcinoma cells in primary culture. An inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was observed in the presence of blastocoelic fluids, but not with homologous or heterologous sera. This suppression was higher with samples collected at day 12 than at day 9 of pregnancy. No such inhibition could be detected on one-cell rabbit embryos or on freshly prepared uterine stromal or myometrial cells. In addition, the inhibitory activity on tumor cells was completely reversible upon removal of the fluids. Incorporation of 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine and 35S-methionine revealed that, in the presence of blastocoelic fluids, both DNA and RNA syntheses were rapidly inhibited. Inhibition of protein synthesis did not occur before 24 hr of treatment. We conclude that rabbit blastocoelic fluid suppresses the proliferation of tumor cells via inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis by a process which may involve the expression of growth-suppression gene(s).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Changes in presynaptic inhibition of Ia fibres to soleus motoneurones during voluntary dorsiflexion of the foot.

Variations of presynaptic inhibition in heteronymous Ia fibres projecting to soleus motoneurones were studied during the first 250 ms of phasic voluntary isometric contractions of the antagonist tibialis anterior muscle in human subjects. During the first 60-80 ms of TA e.m.g activity, presynaptic inhibition was often more marked than at rest, but not in all experimental sessions. After 60-80 ms, presynaptic inhibition was always increased compared to rest and to the onset of TA e.m.g. activity. A "rebound" in femoral nerve induced Ia facilitation was often observed between 90-150 ms. The early increase in presynaptic inhibition was widespread and non specific since it was observed at the onset of extensor carpi radialis contractions of maximal strength. The "rebound" in heteronymous Ia facilitation was interpreted as a relative decrease in presynaptic inhibition to which nonspecific suprasegmental and cutaneous effects contributed. The late increase in presynaptic inhibition in Ia fibers to soleus motoneurones was considered as reciprocally inhibiting the Sol H-reflex, thus counteracting the phasic stretch of the antagonist muscle during TA contraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of Chiari osteotomy on acetabular development in the growing subject. Experimental study in puppies].

A Chiari osteotomy was performed on 10 dogs aged 2 months in order to assess the risks of mechanical or ischaemic loss of growth potential in the peri-acetabular cartilage. The development of the acetabular roof was studied by radiographs, microradiographs and histological assessment between 2 and 12 months. Apart from a few mechanical complications, the principal findings were the absence of any signs of necrosis, persistence of a strongly osteoblastic roof and readaptation of the trabecular pattern with articular remodelling, provided the mechanical conditions were satisfactory. The osteotomy must be sufficiently low, while remaining extra-articular, and adequate medial shift must be obtained. The interposed capsular tissue can then become dense and fibrous, providing a sliding surface.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1989

Pulmonary sequestration with histologic changes of cystic adenomatoid malformation.

Pulmonary sequestration and congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) are two infrequent congenital pulmonary diseases. The combination of these two entities is rare. We report a case where the antenatal ultrasonography showed a left pulmonary mass suggesting CCAM. The US done after birth revealed an aberrant vascularisation. Pathologic examination confirmed the association of both lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Modulation of the immunosuppressive activities by blastocoelic fluid during rabbit pregnancy.

Temporal variation in immunosuppressive activity was determined in biological samples such as embryo-foetal fluids (blastocoelic- or amino-allantoic fluid) and blood collected from pregnant and pseudopregnant rabbits. Each of the fluids to be analyzed was pre-incubated with mitogen stimulated human lymphocytes for 48 h and then inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation or IL-2 receptor expression was estimated. Both means of assessing immunosuppression indicated variations in the suppressive activity throughout pregnancy. This was observed in embryo-foetal fluids but not in autologous peripheral blood nor in homologous pseudopregnant blood. At days 9-13 of pregnancy, the immunosuppressive effects of blastocoelic fluids were higher than that of the autologous sera, reached a peak at days 12 and 13 and declined thereafter, to reach the lowest levels. In order to further characterize the biological activity of day-12 blastocoelic fluid and autologous serum, they were submitted to ultracentrifugation. No suppressive activity could be demonstrated in the lipoprotein fractions. But all the activity was found in the protein fraction. Precipitation with cold ethanol confirmed that the biologically active compound was a protein. Furthermore, results obtained after ultrafiltration suggest biologically active compounds of high mol. wt (greater than 300 kDa). From the above findings, we can suggest that in the rabbit, there is no pregnancy specific systemic immunosuppression. We can also infer that (1) the immuno-tolerance of the mother towards the embryo is more due to a localized effect; (2) this effect decreases with the progression of gestation and (3) a high mol. wt factor is responsible for the immunosuppression.

Allantois↗
PubMed1989

Evidence for a contribution of the auditory cortex to audiospinal facilitation in man.

Facilitation of the spinal monosynaptic reflex by auditory stimulation has been demonstrated previously in animals and man. Analysis of the time course of audiospinal facilitation (ASF) in normal subjects is reported. The role of the cerebral cortex in the control of audiospinal facilitation was investigated in 32 patients with anatomically well-circumscribed lesions, the precise topography of which was determined stereotaxically. Lesions of the caudal part (Heschl's gyrus and temporal plane) of the superior temporal gyrus selectively depressed ASF evoked by contralateral auditory stimulation. In contrast, lesions in temporal, parietal and occipital lobes had no effect. Results obtained with frontal lobe lesions were not homogeneous. The specific involvement of auditory cortex in the gating of behavioral audiomotor reactions is discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

[Deafness in juvenile relapsing polychondritis. A case report].

Relapsing polychondritis is an autoimmune disease that affects all body cartilages. The disease may also involve the audio-vestibular system, usually bilaterally. Most of the reported cases were adults 20 years old or more. This is a case report of a 12-year-old girl with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and a review of the literature.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Assessing changes in presynaptic inhibition of I a fibres: a study in man and the cat.

1. A method to assess changes in presynaptic inhibition of I a afferent terminals in man is proposed. The soleus H reflex was facilitated by a heteronymous I a volley from quadriceps and the amount of reflex facilitation was used to estimate the size of the conditioning I a excitatory post-synaptic potential (e.p.s.p.). It is argued that the size of this e.p.s.p. as measured by the resulting amount of reflex facilitation reflects the amount of presynaptic inhibition on the corresponding I a fibres. A decrease in the reflex facilitation may then be ascribed to an increase in presynaptic inhibition of the I a fibres mediating the conditioning volley. 2. That the heteronymous I a facilitation from quadriceps to soleus is caused by a purely monosynaptic e.p.s.p. is a prerequisite for the validity of the method. Experimental evidence is therefore given in an Appendix that in man the earliest part (first 0.5 ms) of this heteronymous I a facilitation is mediated through a monosynaptic pathway. Evidence is also given that this earliest facilitation is not yet contaminated by any polysynaptic effects from I a or I b afferents. 3. The validity of the method was established in animal experiments in which presynaptic inhibition of I a fibres and post-synaptic events in motoneurones could be assessed by direct tests. It was found that the amount of test reflex facilitation produced by a conditioning I a volley was decreased when I a fibres were subjected to presynaptic inhibition but remained unchanged when the motoneurone pool in which the test reflex was elicited received pure post-synaptic inhibition. 4. In man, presynaptic inhibition of I a fibres was evoked by a short-lasting (three shocks at 200 Hz) vibration applied to the tibialis anterior tendon. Such a vibratory burst reduced the efficiency of the heteronymous I a volley in facilitating the soleus H reflex. By contrast, during a pure post-synaptic inhibition of soleus motoneurones the efficiency of the conditioning volley in facilitating the test reflex remained unchanged. It is therefore argued that the amount of heteronymous I a facilitation can indeed be used to assess the amount of ongoing presynaptic inhibition exerted onto heteronymous I a fibres from the quadriceps muscle to soleus motoneurones. 5. The short-lasting tibialis anterior vibration used here evoked a long-lasting (300-500 ms) depression of soleus and quadriceps H reflexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The young adult in psychiatry : the problem and experiences in intervention.].

Young Adults represent a significant proportion of health care beneficiaries; in the field of psychiatry, their proportion is as significant as it is troublesome for those dispensing care. Young Adults aged 18 to 35 must rely on short-term health care policies that stress deinstitutionalization as the final goal; in short, they must deal with solutions that only partially address their problems and needs. This article focuses on Young Adults on a treatment center in the U.S.A. that specializes in this area and on a project of clinical intervention introduced by Louis-H. Lafon-taine Hospital.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1986

An efficient cryoprobe to inactivate cortical surfaces.

This paper describes a cryoprobe constructed of glass capillary tubes commonly employed for cellular recordings. It is inexpensive, it is easily and rapidly constructed and most importantly it can easily be adjusted to cool larger areas and tightly fit brain curvatures and gyri.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Compartment syndrome associated with Staphylococcus endotoxin.

A case is presented of a 23-year-old athletic male student who developed right knee pain after a weekend of strenuous activity. The patient failed to respond to conservative measures; pain increased and within 24 hours he developed fever, chills and swelling of the involved knee. On admission to the hospital, the patient appeared toxic. Efforts to establish a diagnosis, particularly with the use of computerized axial tomography are described. It was surgical decompression of muscular swelling of the distal thighs, revealed by CT scanning, that led to the diagnosis and the successful treatment that followed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Simplified technic of extemporaneous lengthening of the femur in children].

Since 1981, twenty five "simplified" one stage femoral lengthening operation have been performed. This procedure using a transverse osteotomy and direct instrumental spreading seems to be, for the authors, as safe and easier than one stage femoral lengthening using a step osteotomy first described by Cauchoix in 1963. Patients were aged from 2.8 to 19. Mean operative gain was 34 mm. Duration of bony union with full weight bearing range between two and three months. One septic non union and two early breakage of the internal fixation have been observed.

Adolescent↗