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Biomedical subjects

C Mori

Publications and source records attributed to C Mori.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effect of penicillin on GABA-gated chloride ion influx.

To investigate the mechanism of penicillin-induced convulsions, we have studied the effects of penicillin G (PC-G) on GABA-gated chloride ion influx in brain 'microsac' preparations of mice. In the presence of 10(-4) M GABA, PC-G inhibited GABA-gated chloride ion influx in a dose-dependent manner. The dose-response curve for GABA in the presence of 10(-3) M PC-G was shifted rightward and there was a decrease in maximum response. The inhibitory effects of PC-G were not reversed by RO 15-1788, an antagonist of benzodiazepine (BZ) receptors, but were reversed by washing the 'microsac' membranes. Therefore, PC-G probably exerts its proconvulsant effect by inhibiting GABA-gated chloride ion influx. However, it appears not to act through the BZ receptor of the GABA/BZ receptor complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The effect of bunazosin on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats.

In order to estimate the long-term hemodynamic and histologic effects of bunazosin hydrochloride on primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), for which effective internal therapy has not yet been proposed, we produced subacute pulmonary hypertension in 6 week old Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting one dose of monocrotaline. Bunazosin (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally every day and bodyweight and hemodynamic parameters were measured. Right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle with septum (LV +S) were weight separately. Medial thickness of the small pulmonary artery was calculated. In the bunazosin group, the increase of right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) as pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and the ratio of RVSP to pulmonary flow were limited, without causing systemic hypotension, compared to the control group. Weight ratio of RV/(LV +S) had a tendency to be limited in the bunazosin group. As for medial thickness, there was no significant difference between the two groups. It may be concluded that bunazosin hydrochloride should be considered for clinical trials in treatment of PPH in humans.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1994

Change in the hospital setting: adopting a team approach for nonorganic failure-to-thrive.

The change process is described for the adoption of a multidisciplinary team approach to nonorganic failure-to-thrive (NOFTT) management at a pediatric care facility. A member of the nursing staff acted as a change agent. The need for change was documented with medical record audits. A team was developed and a management protocol derived from an external evaluation of successful programs described in the literature. Preliminary outcomes of the project are reported. Box 1 at the end of this article contains criteria for NOFTT diagnosis and an outline of the team's protocol.

Child↗
PubMed1994

[Perceived health of persons and their practice of health promoting activities].

The perceived health of persons and their practice of health promoting activities were surveyed using a self-rating questionnaire with 49 items assessing level of health, practice of health promoting activities, life styles, health education, and participation in health screening for general health conditions and cancers. The questionnaires were mailed to 2,500 residents of a city, aged from 30 to 69 years old, randomly selected according to the composition ratios of the populations in the city. Persons from 2,333 subjects (1,057 male and 1,276 female) were effectively collected, representing about 1% of the city's population. General health was good in about 85% of the subjects, with decreases observed with age. Practice of activities for health promotion was wide-spread among the subjects. These activities included regularity, diet, nutrition, smoking and drinking control, physical exercise, sleep, and rest. The subjects expressed strong fear of cancers and concerns about deterioration in physical fitness. Their target life style was one with adequate sleep and rest, regularity in eating, good nutrition, and avoidance of overwork. Health screening participation rates were low at approximately 28% because of their perceived good health, and busy daily life and work. It appears that the perceived health of citizens may not always correlated with the practice of health promoting activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

GABA-gated chloride ion influx in brains of tremor rats.

We measured the GABA-gated chloride ion influx and GABA concentrations in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus of young (5 weeks old) and older (15 weeks old) tremor rats. GABA-gated chloride ion influx in these tremor rats was significantly greater than in the controls of both the 5 week- and 15 week-old groups. GABA concentrations in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the tremor rats increased compared with controls of 5 weeks and decreased compared with controls of 15 weeks. These findings suggest that the GABAergic presynaptic neurons in the cortex and hippocampus of the tremor rat are disturbed with aging. This change may be related to the appearance of absence-like seizures in the rats. The increased GABA-gated chloride ion influx in tremor rats may be a compensatory mechanism against the genetically-determined seizure susceptibility of these rats. Furthermore, the increased GABA levels and GABA-gated chloride ion influx found in 5 week-old tremor rats may be related to the tremor movements.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Unique hexokinase messenger ribonucleic acids lacking the porin-binding domain are developmentally expressed in mouse spermatogenic cells.

We have identified cDNAs representing three hexokinase mRNAs (Hk1-sa, Hk1-sb, Hk1-sc) by screening mouse spermatogenic cell cDNA libraries with a mouse hepatoma cell line hexokinase (Hk1) cDNA [Arora KK, Fanciulli M, Pederson PL. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:6481-6488]. Although all three cDNAs show 99% identity to the somatic Hk1 cDNA sequence throughout most of their coding region, they differ from this sequence at the 5' end. They contain a common spermatogenic cell-specific sequence and a sequence unique to each cDNA immediately 5' to the common domain. However, they lack the porin-binding domain (PBD) present in this region of Hk1, used for binding to a pore-forming protein in the outer mitochondrial membrane. These observations appear to support a model proposed by others for hexokinase gene evolution in mammals. In addition, we found that Hk1-sb has an internal sequence that is not present in Hk1, Hk1-sa, or Hk1-sc. Moreover, Hk1-sa and Hk1-sb transcripts are developmentally expressed in mouse spermatogenic cells. Hk1-sa mRNA is first expressed during meiosis and continues to be present in postmeiotic germ cells, while the more abundant Hk1-sb mRNA is detected only in postmeiotic germ cells. These and other findings suggest that enzymes encoded by Hk1-sa, Hk1-sb, and Hk1-sc are present only in spermatogenic cells.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

A longitudinal study of blood pressure, cholesterol and left ventricular muscle volume in children: the Shimane Heart Study.

Three hundred and forty-four healthy schoolchildren living in Izumo City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, were assessed at 3 year intervals from 6 to 15 years, starting in 1978 (Cohort 1) or 1981 (Cohort 2). Tracking indices (Ti) were calculated as follows: Ti = (2x + y - z)/N/0.89, where x, y and z refer to the total number in the same, adjacent and remote trisections, respectively, and N = x + y + z. If Ti > 1, there is positive tracking. For systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements (except at 6 years old) and serum cholesterol levels, all Ti were greater than 1.0 regardless of the time when tracking was commenced. Tracking indices were slightly greater in the serum cholesterol levels than in the SBP measurements. Left ventricular muscle volume indices (LVMVI) were calculated by echocardiographic measurements. In girls, the LVMVI was larger only in the above-median SBP group at the age of 12 years (P < 0.01), but the LVMVI of the higher SBP (above median) group was larger than in the lower (below median) group at every age in boys; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) at 12 and 15 years of age. Left ventricular mass enlargement may occur in the prehypertensive stage in humans as well as in rats.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The effect of nifedipine on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats.

Effective drug therapy for pulmonary hypertension has not yet been developed. This study was designed to estimate the long-term hemodynamic and histopathological effects of nifedipine on severe pulmonary hypertension using animal models. Injection of one dose of monocrotaline produced subacute pulmonary hypertension in 7 week old Sprague-Dawley rats. Nifedipine (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally every day. For 5 weeks, bodyweight and hemodynamic parameters were measured, and right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle with septum (LV + S) were weighed separately. Medial thickness of the small pulmonary arterial wall was calculated by Suwa's method. Compared with the control group, the increase in right ventricular systolic pressure, total pulmonary resistance index, weight ratio of RV/(LV + S and medial hypertrophy in the nifedipine-treated rats were significantly limited without causing systemic hypotension. These results suggest that treatment with nifedipine may also be effective in attenuation of pulmonary hypertension when applied to humans.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats.

To determine the time course and potential triggers for synthesis of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in right ventricle during the development of right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), we measured mean right atrial pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), immunoreactive ANP (iANP) concentrations in plasma, and cardiac iANP concentrations and contents of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats treated with a subcutaneous injection of MCT (40 mg/kg). Following the development of RVH and pulmonary hypertension, iANP concentrations in plasma and iANP concentrations and contents in ventricular tissues increased with time. At the third week after treatment, iANP concentrations in MCT rats increased 6-fold in plasma, 57-fold in the right ventricular free wall, 20-fold in the ventricular septum and 10-fold in the left ventricular free wall compared with those in controls. At the third week, iANP contents of total ventricular tissues in MCT and control rats were 29% and 0.8%, respectively, of the corresponding atrial contents. The iANP concentrations and contents of right ventricular free walls in MCT rats were greater than those of any other parts of ventricular tissues. The iANP concentrations in right ventricular free walls were very closely related to RVSP (r = 0.93, P < 0.001). In MCT rats, iANP concentrations in right atrial tissues decreased with time. This study shows that ventricular ANP contributes to the amount of ANP stored within the heart in MCT rats and that pressure overload may be one of the triggers for ANP synthesis in the right ventricle.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Radionuclide assessment of left ventricular performance on exercise after external conduit operation.

Only limited information is available concerning left ventricular (LV) response to exercise after an external conduit operation for cyanotic congenital heart disease. Sixteen patients who had undergone external conduit repair (EC group) were studied with multi-gated cardiac pool imaging using a supine bicycle ergometer on 20 occasions. Six patients with a history of Kawasaki disease without coronary artery stenosis served as controls (control group). Myocardial imaging and cardiac catheterization were also performed in the EC group. There was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest between the groups. However, on exercise, LVEF of the EC group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Nine patients in the EC group showed a perfusion defect (PD) on 12 occasions. LVEF on exercise of the patients with PD was significantly lower than that of the patients without PD. Furthermore, only the patients with PD showed a LVEF decrease of 5% or more in response to exercise. In the EC group, a significant inverse relationship was demonstrated between right ventricular systolic pressure (RVP) and LVEF response to exercise. However, two out of four patients who underwent external conduit replacement improved their LVEF response to exercise with successful reduction of RVP. These findings indicate that an impaired left ventricular response to exercise was common in patients after external conduit operations. Myocardial damage and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction could be the causes of this left ventricular dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Histopathologic and coronary angiographic assessment of effectiveness of aspirin or aspirin-and-gammaglobulin in Kawasaki disease.

Coronary angiography and right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy were performed in 36 children during convalescence (days of illness 23-86; mean = 41.5 days) following acute Kawasaki disease. Treatment of the acute stage was not randomized; it consisted of aspirin alone in 14 subjects (during the years 1980-88), and gammaglobulin and aspirin in 22 subjects (1984-91). The dosage of aspirin was 30 mg/kg orally during the acute febrile stage and 5-10 mg/kg orally after lysis of fever. The dosage of gammaglobulin was 200 mg/kg x 5 days in 19 patients, 200 mg/kg x 3 days in one patient, 200 mg/kg x 1 day + 400 mg/kg x 4 days in one patient and 200 mg/kg x 4 days + 400 mg/kg x 4 days in one patient. Among the 14 patients treated with aspirin alone, large coronary aneurysms were noted in four, moderate aneurysms in three and transient aneurysms in one. Among 22 patients treated with gammaglobulin, only five had aneurysms and these were transient. The histopathological (HP) score based on myocardial disarrangement, degeneration and hypertrophy; interstitial edema, large mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis; and endocardial abnormalities was higher in the aspirin group than in gammaglobulin group. Moderate to severe HP changes were noted in five subjects in the aspirin group, while moderate HP changes were found in only two subjects in the gammaglobulin group. Gammaglobulin therapy not only reduced the incidence of the coronary arterial lesions but also reduced the severity of myocardial damage from moderate or severe to mild in Kawasaki disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Discriminant analysis of clinical tests in histologic diagnosis of renal disease.

We have used discriminant analysis of the results of clinical examination to study whether or not it is possible to presume the histological findings of the kidney within the limits of the screening tests (urinalysis and blood tests) presently conducted at the outpatient clinic. A retrospective analysis was made of the data for 42 children who were found in school urine tests to have urinary abnormalities. Two discriminant functional equations were made and the overall rates of correct discrimination were > or = 90%. Proteinuria, IgA and complement titer were selected. These results were considered useful in determining the indication for renal biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Medium-term results of percutaneous transluminal balloon aortic valvuloplasty with Inoue balloon catheter for congenital aortic stenosis.

Although percutaneous transluminal balloon aortic valvuloplasty (PTAV) has been performed for congenital aortic stenosis in infants and children for several years, its efficacy and the associated aortic regurgitation (AR) have not been widely discussed. Percutaneous transluminal balloon aortic valvuloplasty using an Inoue balloon catheter was performed for congenital aortic stenosis in 12 patients (4-16 years old) in this study. The systolic aortic valve pressure gradient ranged from 42 to 111 mmHg before PTAV and became < 50 mmHg immediately after PTAV in 10 cases (83%). Eight of these 10 patients had no increase in the gradient during subsequent observation for a period of 9-40 months. Aortic regurgitation increased immediately after PTAV in nine cases (75%). It increased from grade 1 to grade 2 in eight cases and from grade 1 to grade 3 in one patient; no significant enlargement of the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and no significant change in the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) or the cardiac index was observed during follow-up in these patients. There was a correlation between the diameter of the balloon and efficacy; an appropriate diameter was considered to be about 90% of the aortic annular diameter. Changes in the hemodynamic parameter after PTAV with an Inoue balloon were small in most patients and this procedure is considered to be a treatment that should be attempted prior to surgery for congenital aortic stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Difference in perceived health between blue- and white-collar workers of a manufacturing factory by a self-administered questionnaire].

In order to examine the differences in which blue- and white-collar workers perceive their own health status, a survey using self-administered questionnaire was conducted. The subjects were 1,428 male workers in a tire manufacturing factory, consisting of 1,185 blue-collar workers and 243 white-collar workers. Most of the blue-collar workers were engaged in shift work consisting of three shifts/d. The questionnaire included 32 items concerning health habits, life and job satisfaction, mental stress, and type A behavior. The following findings were obtained. Good daily health habits were related to age. Older workers had better health habits than the younger ones both in white- and blue-collar workers. The white-collar workers were more satisfied with their life and jobs, and also showed type A behaviors at a higher rate. As for fatigue and dissatisfaction association with shift work, the workers' complaints increased in the order of day shift, evening shift and midnight shift. The older workers had fewer complaints than the younger ones. These results suggested that health management and education will be more effective if the working conditions and the background of each worker are taken into consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor after partial pancreatectomy in adult rats: an immunohistochemical study.

The expression and localization of epidermal growth factor (EGF) were investigated immunohistochemically using an anti-EGF receptor antibody in the pancreas of partial pancreatectomized and sham-operated adult rats. In the sham-operated pancreas, immunoreactive products against EGF receptor were only slightly positive in the pancreatic acinar cells. In the partial pancreatectomized pancreas on the fifth day after operation, EGF receptor immunoreactivity was intensely positive in the acinar cells, in some cells lining the intercalated ducts and some basal cells of the acinus, but it was not detected in the pancreas when exogenous EGF was given to the rat after partial pancreatectomy for three days. The present results suggest that EGF receptor is expressed in the regenerating pancreatic tissue, and EGF could be involved in the mechanism of pancreatic regeneration in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical study on epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor during carcinogenesis in the rat liver.

The expression and localization of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor were investigated immunohistochemically using anti-EGF receptor antibody in the normal rat liver and 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzen (3'-Me-DAB) induced tumors in rats. In 8 weeks after 3'-Me-DAB treatment, multiple nodules of cholangiocarcinoma were found in the rat liver, and atypical nodules of hepatocytes were also found 14 weeks later. Immunoreactive products against EGF receptor were only slightly positive in the normal liver, the nodule of cholangiocarcinoma, and atypical nodule of hepatocytes. It was noted that EGF receptor immunoreactivity was more intense in non-cancerous tissue adjacent to tumorous nodules than in the cancerous tissue. The present finding suggests that the expression of EGF receptor may be associated with regenerating as well as carcinogenetic processes in the rat liver.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗