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Biomedical subjects

C Müller

Publications and source records attributed to C Müller.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[The stability of norepinephrine hydrogen tartrate, epinephrine hydrogen tartrate and isoprenaline sulfate. 29. The stability of drugs and preparations].

Stability testing of derivatives of brenzcatechine [norepinephrine hydrogentartrate (1), epinephrine hydrogentartrate (2), isoprenaline sulfate (3)] was carried out by stress investigation storing them at different temperatures. Substances of different charges which had been stored under normal conditions were analyzed. After a period of induction all three substances had been decomposed with a higher velocity. The order of kinetic process could not be determined. The storage life time was calculated by the aid of nonlinear regression. Time limit for storage of 5 years for 1 and 2 were confirmed. We suggest to extend it for 3 to 10 years.

Drug Stability↗
PubMed1987

The elimination of errors caused by prior technetium-99m scintigraphy on iodine-131 thyroid uptake measurements.

Coincidence summing of technetium-99m (99mTc) pulses may disturb iodine-131 (131I) thyroid uptake measurements if these are obtained after 99mTc thyroid scintigraphy performed on the same day. The magnitude of the error was assessed in 26 patients. It was found that when pre-dose measurements were subtracted, the 6-hour and 24-hour 131I uptakes could be falsely decreased by up to 137 percentage points using a lower discriminator level of 250 keV and by up to 35 percentage points with a discriminator level of 300 keV. When pre-dose measurements from 99mTc were ignored, there was a general increase in 131I uptake values at 6 hours. Increases of up to 22 and 9 percentage points occurred when 250 keV and 300 keV lower discriminator levels respectively were used. These errors may be eliminated by performing 131I uptake measurements through a 1 mm lead filter.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1987

[Problems in internal medicine therapy of breast cancer].

In 41 female patients with metastasizing carcinoma of the breast remission rate and survival time were analysed under a combined chemotherapy and hormone therapy as well as marginal conditions of the treatment, such as referral modalities and periods. The remission frequency of 66% in an average duration of the remission of 9.6 months corresponds to the international experiences. In only 5% of all patients a specialist in internal medicine and oncology took part in the statement of the primary therapy conception. In many cases the referral to the medicamentous therapy was done only in the late stages of the disease. An improvement of the interdisciplinary cooperation in the treatment of the carcinoma of the breast is actually necessary.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

HLA-class II antigens on human hematopoietic progenitors.

A panel of alloindifferent monoclonal antibodies (MAB's) was used in complement-dependent lysis to characterize human myeloid, erythroid and multipotential progenitors (CFU-GM, BFU-E, CFU-GEMM) for their expression of MHC class II HLA-DR, -DP, and -DQ products. 7-16 donors were tested in each system. MAB Tü 34, detecting DR products, caused reduction of CFU-GM by a mean of 89%, whereas BFU-E and CFU-GEMM were reduced by 67% and 66% respectively. 35% of CFU-GM, 27% of BFU-E and 32% of CFU-GEMM were lysed by MAB B7/21, recognizing HLA-DP determinants, while Tü 22, binding HLA-DQ antigens, lysed 32% only of CFU-GM and did not lyse the other progenitors. Employing the "broad" MAB Tü 39, which binds at least DR and DP, inhibition of colony formation by CFU-GM was generally greater than that caused by Tü 34 alone or even by combinations of Tü 34, Tü 22, and B7/21. This suggests that there may be a subset of DR-, DP-, DQ- hematopoietic progenitors, which nonetheless bind MAB Tü 39, previously proposed as a candidate for the recognition of novel class II antigens.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis of peritoneovenous shunt occlusion].

Reaccumulation of ascitic fluid after peritoneovenous shunt implantation demands accurate diagnostic procedure. Between 1973 and 1985 81 peritoneovenous shunts have been implanted at the IInd Surgical Department of the University of Vienna. In the same time 34 reoperations in 17 patients have been performed for reasons of shunt-dysfunction. Besides thorax x-ray, diagnosis was established in 11 cases by means of Doppler ultrasound investigation, in 26 cases by technetium scan and in 15 cases by shunt angiography. Shuntography proved to be the method of choice, with no false results. Doppler ultrasound results were unclear in a high percentage, thus this method is not used any more.

Ascites↗
PubMed1987

Natural killer cell activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in patients under various immunosuppressive regimens.

The influence of various modes of immunosuppression using cyclosporin A (CyA), corticosteroids (Cort), azathioprine (AZA), and antithymocyte globulin (ATG) alone or in combination with each other upon natural killer (NK) cell activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) was assessed. CyA given alone did not influence either NK or ADCC activity; in contrast, the administration of Cort resulted in a significant decline (P less than 0.01) of ADCC but not of NK activity (P greater than 0.1). The combination of the two drugs led to a significant impairment of NK activity (P less than 0.01). The combination of AZA and Cort was found to produce an even more pronounced reduction in NK activity compared to both healthy controls (P less than 0.001) as well as patients from the CyA + Cort group (P less than 0.001). A similar decrease was found also after the addition of ATG to CyA + Cort (P less than 0.001, compared both with patients on CyA + Cort and with controls). In these instances, ADCC showed an overall similar pattern. We conclude that the administration of either CyA or Cort does not influence NK activity, while the combination of CyA with Cort and of AZA with Cort leads to a decrease in both NK and ADCC activities. The monotherapy with Cort only leads to a reduction of ADCC. These findings may explain the higher incidence of malignancies in patients undergoing combined immunosuppressive treatment.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1987

[Abnormal expression of HLA class II antigens in conjunctival epithelia in peripheral corneal ulcers].

Inflammatory mediators originating at the limbus seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of peripheral corneal ulcers. In this paper, the immunohistological results of conjunctival biopsies of patients with corneal ulcers are reported. The most important result was that an abnormal HLA class II expression was found. The expression of HLA-DR was stronger than that of HLA-DQ and HLA-DP. A model of ulcer formation involving T-cells and lymphokines is presented.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

[Voluntary and involuntary admissions to a psychiatric hospital].

The author's objective is that of detailing the oversimplified concept of voluntary and non-voluntary admission to a psychiatric hospital. He proposes to measure consent using a scale comprising five categories to which were assigned 200 first admissions to the Clinic of Nant in 1982. The author compares each category to the total number of cases and selects as discriminating factor, eleven items destined to highlight a possible differentiation in consent. This approach permits to observe a distribution of patients likely to bring out different shades and a different understanding of the concept of consent. The author has utilized for his evaluation, criteria which are not all connected with pathology. Demographic data; circumstances under which admission was made; attitude of the patient's milieu, as well as the type of request formulated by the patient himself, were taken into consideration. Results were interpreted as a confirmation of the author's hypothesis according to which several of the items taken into consideration, in particular the capacity to discriminate, have an incidence on the "quality" of consent at the time of admission.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Long stay or short stay in a protected environment?].

The authors analysed the population of a surveyed center that has been functioning for the last 20 years in Lausanne. They noticed, after having taken into account the different variables, that this population corresponds with what one can find in the literature concerning other surveyed centers. While comparing the samples of long-term with short-term patients in the surveyed center, the authors noticed that the long-term group was composed initially by younger boarders, all single and professionally less qualified than the short-term patients. The interval between the first hospitalisation and the admission to the center was much shorter. The prognosis of the long-term boarders was already initially worse. The period of the stay in the center is beyond the good or bad functioning of the center. According to this data, a limitation of the period of the stay in the center is not justified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Human atrial natriuretic factor (hANF) in liver cirrhosis].

Mean plasma levels of hANF at admission were significantly higher in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients with ascites (93 +/- 11 ng, n = 20; p less than 0.05) than in LC-patients without ascites (32 +/- 14 ng/l, n = 11) or healthy controls (31 +/- 15 ng/l; range: 5-80 ng/l; n = 106). Diuretic treatment of patients with LC and ascites normalised hANF plasma concentrations (44 +/- 14 ng/l; p less than 0.05). Increase of plasma hANF in LC-patients with ascites after acute volume expansion was lower (relative rise: 159%) than in those without ascites (relative rise: 223%). Volume redistribution into the vascular compartment, induced by peritoneovenous shunt implantation in LC-patients with diuretic treatment-refractory ascites, resulted in a sharp increase of plasma hANF levels (344 +/- 87 ng/l = 420% of preoperative concentration). Normal and slightly increased levels of plasma hANF and the appropriate regulation to volume changes suggest an intact control of the hormone in LC-patients. Neither a lack nor an inappropriate secretion of hANF as a cause for sodium retention as postulated by the overflow theory of ascites accumulation could be found in liver cirrhosis.

Ascites↗