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Biomedical subjects

C M Poser

Publications and source records attributed to C M Poser.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Dysmyelination revisited.

Dysmyelination describes an inborn error of metabolism affecting myelinogenesis that causes it to be abnormal, arrested, or delayed. Abiotrophy or myelin as defined by Gowers, due to metabolic failure of the myelin maintenance system, is yet another feature of dysmyelination. In addition to the leukodystrophies, genetically determined conditions such as infantile amaurotic idiocy, hematosidosis, Niemann-Pick's disease and several of the aminoacidopathies are examples of dysmyelinating diseases. In order to reconcile morphological and neurochemical data in these conditions, it is necessary to reexamine a number of pathogenetic hypotheses based on known enzymatic deficiencies, and the interpretation of fragmentary biochemical analyses. The obligatory role of the neuron and axon in myelin formation and maintenance is reviewed. The hypothesis is advanced that gangliosides and their degradative products constitue precursors for the synthesis of the characteristic myelin sphingolipids cerebrosides, sulfatides, and sphingomyelin. Alterations in axoplasmic flow and of ganglioside metabolism must be condidered as important factors in the pathogenesis of dysmyelination.

Axons↗
PubMed1978

Neurological manifestations of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber disease): report of 2 cases and review of the literature.

Two cases of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) with neurological involvement are presented. One patient had multiple vascular malformations including telangiectasias of the brain, medulla, and spinal cord and a berry aneurysm of the internal carotid artery; she also had a large cerebellar abscess, presumably reflecting the presence of a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. The second patient had an idiopathic subarachnoid hemorrhage. In more than 200 reported patients with HHT involving the nervous system, 61% had lesions seondary to a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (cerebral hypoxemia, paradoxical and septic emboli, and brain abscess). The findings emphasize the need for early surgical correction of such fistulas. In 36% of the patients with neurological involvement and HHT, vascular malformations of the brain and spinal cord were documented, and in 3%, portal-systemic encephalopathy was noted. Multiple lesions were frequent. HHT should be considered a generalized vascular dysplasia (universal or systemic angiomatosis), and not simply a benign mucocutaneous disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Syphilitic meningomyelitis. A case report.

A 58-year-old man was admitted with a progressive, subacute asymmetrical paraparesis. The patient denied a previous syphilitic infection, but spinal fluid examination disclosed a lymphocytic pleocytosis, hypoglycorrhachia, and a positive serologic test for syphills. Clinical improvement resulted from a 14-day course of penicillin. Syphilitic involvement of the nervous system appears to be increasing in the United States and should be included in the differential diagnosis of progressive paraparesis.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Dementia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dementia↗
PubMed1976

The types of headache that affect the elderly.

Older people often describe their headaches as starting with vague neck discomfort and eventually moving to the temples and forehead. These are muscle-tension headaches, by far the most common type in the elderly. Although cervical osteoarthritis often is at fault, depression can be a significant factor, patricularly when headaches are chronic. There is no sure cure for tension headache, and often, several of the many remedies-ethyl chloride spray, moist heat, massage, antidepressant drugs, analgesics, local anesthetics, etc.-must be tried before an effective one is found. But just as important to successful therapy are concern, compassion, and a willingness to listen on the part of the physician. True migraine headaches are rare in the elderly. More prevalent is the type of vascular headache associated with giant cell arteritis, which is severe and resistant to any form of analgesic except the strongest narcotics. Vascular headaches also may result from congestive heart failure (which produces venous congestion in the cranial cavity), transient ischemia, increased intracranial pressure, and a variety of metabolic disturbances.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Disseminated intravascular coagulation and head trauma. Two case studies.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) developed in two patients following head trauma. Brain parenchyma and highly vascular connective tissue of the choroid plexus and meninges are important pools of systemic coagulation components. This is an important consideration in the treatment of head injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1975

Amino acid residues of serum and CSF protein in multiple sclerosis. Clinical application of statistical discriminant analysis.

Statistical discriminant analysis of the amino acid compostion of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins provides an objective method for distinguishing between normal controls and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This method also results in a high degree of specificity in separating MS patients from those with other diseases of the nervous system. The CSF protein serine residue is highly correlated with the CSF IgG and holds promise for a more sensitive diagnostic test for MS than the currently used CSF IgG. Finally, the serum/CSF protein serine ratio seems to correlate best with clinically determined degree of activity for the disease, the most active cases having the lowest ratio. These results suggest that investigation of the amino acid composition of serum and CSF protein in multiple sclerosis and, possibly, in other diseases might lead to the development of clinically useful tests of diagnosis and degree of activity of MS.

Amino Acids↗