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Biomedical subjects

C M Chapman

Publications and source records attributed to C M Chapman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Olsalazine in ankylosing spondylitis: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To test the safety and efficacy of olsalazine in men with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) unresponsive to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and physiotherapy. METHODS: Four patients, including 2 who had not responded to sulfasalazine (SASP) and one who did not tolerate SASP, were treated with olsalazine, up to 3 g/dl for 24 weeks. RESULTS: One patient discontinued olsalazine due to diarrhea at 1 g/day. The other 3 experienced improvement in global spine self assessment by visual analog scale (VAS), 2 of 3 patients, spinal pain (VAS, 3 of 3), night pain (3 of 3), tender joint count (3 of 3) and enthesis score (3 of 3). Changes in Schober's test and chest expansion were minor. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were normal. Loose stools were the only adverse effects observed. CONCLUSION: Olsalazine appears to be well tolerated and effective in men with AS. Further study of olsalazine and direct comparison with SASP in this population may illuminate mechanisms of drug action and add a new therapeutic option.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

ATLAS-plus: multimedia instruction in embryology, gross anatomy, and histology.

ATLAS-plus [Advanced Tools for Learning Anatomical Structure] is a multimedia program used to assist in the teaching of anatomy at the University of Michigan Medical School. ATLAS-plus contains three courses: Histology, Embryology, and Gross Anatomy. In addition to the three courses, a glossary containing terms from the three courses is available. All three courses and the glossary are accessible in the ATLAS-plus environment. The ATLAS-plus environment provides a consistent set of tools and options so that the user can navigate easily and intelligently in and between the various courses and modules in the ATLAS-plus world. The program is a collaboration between anatomy and cell biology faculty, medical students, graphic artists, systems analysts, and instructional designers.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1988

A follow-up of the graduates of the Cardiff Bachelor of Nursing degree course.

This paper considers the career patterns of the graduates of the University of Wales College of Medicine Bachelor of Nursing course. The 4-year course commenced in 1972 and has now seen 11 years of graduates. A longitudinal questionnaire survey has been administered annually to graduates of the course to ascertain information relating to the posts held and qualifications gained by graduates, which is the focus of this paper. The questionnaire also elicits graduates' perceptions of the value of aspects of the degree course to posts held, and the reaction of colleagues to the fact that they are nurse graduates. The results of the follow-up are presented to show the posts held by graduates at four time intervals; 6 months, 2 years and 5 years following graduation, and all graduates at the 1986 follow-up. The numbers of those who have obtained various post-registration qualifications are also presented. The findings support those of other follow-up studies of nurse graduates and diplomats. The graduates largely entered nursing or related posts, with the majority remaining in clinical-based posts as opposed to teaching and administration. The findings lead to further questions regarding the role and function of the nursing graduate. Further study is currently in progress to compare various elements of the practice style of Bachelor of Nursing graduates with non-graduate nurses.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1988

A study to compare the practice style of graduate and non-graduate nurses and midwives: the pilot study.

This paper comprises essentially a discussion of the pilot of a study currently being undertaken to compare the practice styles of graduate and non-graduate nurses. The background to the main study is described and discussed, as is the methodology. The problems encountered in the planning and executing of the data collection are particularly highlighted. The paper does not present data from the pilot study, but evaluates the methodology used and considers the implications for the main study.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1988

A follow-up of the graduates of the 3-year post-registration Bachelor of Nursing degree course in the University of Wales.

This paper considers several aspects of the graduates of the 3-year Bachelor of Nursing course at the University of Wales College of Medicine. These include career progression, perceptions of the usefulness of aspects of the course, and the reactions of others to the fact that they have a degree. Information was elicited by a postal questionnaire which is administered annually to all graduates. The findings of the study are clearly limited due to a small sample size. They do, however, indicate that the graduates of the course so far have stayed in nursing posts, largely in teaching and administration, and the loss to the profession has been extremely small. Overall, the graduates found many aspects of the course very useful to posts held, and experienced various reactions of other professionals to the fact that they had a degree. Due to the relatively short time that this course has been in existence and the fact that the first groups were very small in number, the findings of the study merely suggest trends in the career patterns and perceptions of graduates which need to be continually monitored before statements can be made with confidence. They do, however, have implications when considering the function and contribution of these nurse graduates to the nursing profession.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1986

Dermatitis herpetiformis. Cutaneous deposition of polyclonal IgA1.

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a pruritic papulovesicular skin disorder of unknown cause, characterized by granular IgA deposits in the dermis along the dermoepidermal junction. It is associated with gluten-sensitive enteropathy and increased IgA production by gut lymphoid tissue. We report four cases of immunologically documented DH studied by immunofluorescence technique. Monoclonal antibodies against the IgA subclasses IgA1 and IgA2 were used. IgA1 without IgA2 was found in the cutaneous deposits in each case. The IgA1 had both kappa and lambda light chains in approximately equal quantities. Because normal gut-associated lymphoid tissue produces 70% IgA1 and 30% IgA2, while circulating IgA is primarily IgA1, it could be concluded that the IgA in the skin of DH patients is not produced in the gut. However, the subclass restriction of the IgA produced by pathologic gut-associated lymphoid tissue is unknown. Alternatively, both IgA1 and IgA2 may be produced by the gut, but only IgA1 is involved in the production of cutaneous lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Nurses' education.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1984

Articular mastocytosis in rheumatoid arthritis.

The number and distribution of mast cells were assessed in 116 synovial membranes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in 30 control specimens. Rheumatoid synovial membranes contained a mean of 48.5 mast cells per 20 high-power fields (HPF) (range 0-252), and control synovial membranes had a mean of 3.9 mast cells per 20 HPF (range 0-13) (P less than 0.001). In a comparison of high and low mast cell subgroups in rheumatoid arthritis, counts were directly related to the intensity of clinical synovitis in the affected joint, but not to hemoglobin concentration or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Joints excised from 5 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were characterized by active bone remodeling with increased osteoid, active resorption by osteoclasts, and trabecular osteoporosis. Mast cells were prominent in both extraosseous pannus and intraosseous invasive tissue. The possible roles of mast cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of prostate specific acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen in identification of prostatic cancer.

The peroxidase-anti-peroxidase technique was used to stain for prostate specific acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen in 12 patients with primary tumors and in 12 patients with metastases in whom the nature of the tumor was in doubt after routine histopathological studies. Nine of the primary tumors were positive for both markers and an additional 2 tumors stained for prostate specific antigen only. Six metastatic lesions stained for both markers and a seventh for prostate specific antigen alone. Thus, 11 of 12 primary tumors and 7 of 12 metastases studied were proved to be of prostatic orgin. While the peroxidase staining was sometimes weak and uneven this method, using prostate specific antigen and prostate specific acid phosphatase, allowed for ready identification of metastases. The heterogeneity of the tumors in regard to these 2 prostate markers is demonstrated, and the value of staining for prostate specific acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen is emphasized.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructural localization of cellulase in Trichoderma reesei using immunocytochemistry and enzyme cytochemistry.

Two components of the cellulase complex (E.C. 3.2.1.4) of the fungus Trichoderma reesei were localized at the ultrastructural level. Immunocytochemistry and enzyme cytochemistry demonstrated that cellobiohydrolase and beta-1,4 glucanase were localized within cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum and within membrane complexes of cellulose-grown hyphae. Both enzymes were also present in the culture medium. Glucose-grown control hyphae lacked enzyme-specific staining, and no enzyme activity was detected in the growth medium.

Cellulase↗
PubMed1983

Use of monoclonal antibodies for the localization of tissue isoantigens A and B in transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract.

Employing the indirect immunoperoxidase technique, monoclonal antisera against blood group antigens A and B were used to localize the corresponding tissue isoantigens in normal ureter and transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter and renal pelvis in 29 patients. All five cases of normal ureters showed positive staining of tissue isoantigens within the transitional epithelium, and all twelve cases of noninvasive transitional cell carcinoma showed similar staining in tumor cells. Of the remaining twelve cases who had invasive tumor, eight lacked tissue isoantigens, while four cases exhibited positive staining. These results support the earlier findings that normal urothelium and noninvasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract possess ABO tissue isoantigens, while these isoantigens are most frequently absent in invasive tumors. In addition, this study also demonstrates that invasive transitional cell carcinoma of ureters and renal pelvis may continue to possess tissue isoantigens when studied by this sensitive, specific method.

ABO Blood-Group System↗