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Biomedical subjects

C L Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to C L Jiang.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Distinct structural bases of the immunoregulatory and central analgesic effects of IFNalpha].

Interferon-alpha (IFNalpha), a cytokine, is also an analgesic molecule. There is significant cross reactivity between IFNalpha and anti-opioid sera, suggesting a strong antigenic relatedness between human IFNalpha molecules and opioid peptides. Different structural basis of the immunoactivity and analgesic effect of IFNalpha can be demonstrated by different reactivities of the two reactions towards different mutants of IFNalpha obtained by using the site-directed mutagenesis. When the 129th Tyr residue of human IFNalpha was mutated to Ser, the immunoactivity of the mutant almost disappeared, while the strong analgesic activity still persisted, which could be blocked by naloxone. These results indicate that there exist distinct domains in the IFNalpha molecule, which mediate immune and analgesic effects differentially, and that the receptor mechanism underlying immune and analgesic effects of IFNalpha may be different.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2000

[Cloning and tissue expressive pattern analysis of the human ribosomal S6 kinase-RPS6KA5 cDNA].

Human ribosomal protein S6 kinase includes two protein families: P90RSK and P70S6K, they participate in two different signaling pathways. When the two kinases were inhibited by their antibodies or rapamycin, the proliferation of cells was arrested. However, their analog, the immunosupressant FK-506, can inhibit the proliferation of fibroblast PBL1 without interfering with the activities of P90RSK, P70S6K and MAPK. We take the tactics of "homolog screening" to demonstrate whether there are some novel proteins which can substitute for the known P90RSK and P70S6K or other pathways without interfering with the known P90RSK and P70S6K. With the conserved sequence of mouse p90RSK as a probe, we screened the homologous sequence in NCBI EST database and got three human EST fragments. With the assembled contig as a probe to screen human brain cDNA library, a full-length cDNA of 3833 bp was attained. It contains a completed open reading frame from 165 bp to 2570 bp encoding 802 amino acids. The putative protein has higher homology with other members of p90RSK family. The gene was named RPS6KA5, the accession number in GenBank is AF090421. Northern hybridization showed the gene expressed in 16 human tissues tested, and the gene was localized in 14q31-32.1 by RH mapping. Another novel P70S6K gene has also been cloned. Thus, our initial presumption that there is an analog of known P90RSK and P70S6K in human beings was proved.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Multiple functions of polypeptides mediated by distinct domains interacting with different receptors.

There exist multiple functions of polypeptide molecules. Both a polypeptide molecule interacting with one receptor, and distinct domains of the molecule interacting with different receptors could induce different intracellular signal transduction to elicit multiple functions. This review highlights the distinct domains of the polypeptide molecule interacting with different receptors to elicit multiple functions. It includes distinct domains, different receptor mechanisms, and different signal transduction of the polypeptide molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Three new species of the genus Actinobispora of the family Pseudonocardiaceae, Actinobispora alaniniphila sp. nov., Actinobispora aurantiaca sp. nov. and Actinobispora xinjiangensis sp. nov.

The genus Actinobispora Jiang et al. is characterized by the formation of longitudinally paired spores on both the vegetative and the aerial mycelium, absence of mycolic acid, cell wall chemotype IV (containing meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diamino acid, galactose and arabinose), PVI and MK-9(H2). Comparative studies of morphology, chemical classification and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequences among the four type strains of the genus Actinobispora and type strains of related genera were carried out. The results indicated that the genus Actinobispora is different from these other genera and should be placed in the family Pseudonocardiaceae Embley et al. 1988 with the genera Amycolatopsis, Pseudonocardia, Saccharomonospora, Saccharopolyspora and Actinopolyspora. On the bases of these results, three new species under the names of Actinobispora alaniniphila sp. nov., Actinobispora aurantiaca sp. nov. and Actinobispora xinjiangensis sp. nov. are proposed; the type strains are CCTCC AA97001T, CCTCC AA97002T and CCTCC AA97020T.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of scorpion venom on the release of GABA in hippocampus of epileptic rats induced by kainic acid].

In the present study, the effect of scorpion venom (SV) on epileptic susceptibility and its neurochemical mechanisms were investigated. After SV or normal saline (NS) administration for three weeks in epileptic rats, epileptic seizures were much more decreased in kainic acid (KA) + SV group than those of KA + NS group. GABA immunocytochemistry showed that both (gamma-aminobutyric acid immunoreactivity (GABA-IR) density and the number of GABA positive neurons were markedly decreased in the ventral hippocampus, especially in hilus of KA + NS group as compared with NS + NS group. However, in the group treated with SV for three weeks, the number of GABA positive neurons and the density of GABA-IR were greater increased than those of both KA + NS group and the NS + NS group. The number of GABA positive neurons and the density of GABA-IR were unchanged in the dorsal hippocampus of all the four groups. The above results suggest that SV may selectively prevent loss of GABAergic interneurons in the ventral hippocampus of rats susceptible to epileptic seizures and increase the release of GABA as an antiepileptic mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Variation of several volume regulating hormones during 21 d - 6 degrees head-down bed rest].

UNLABELLED: Objective To investigate variations of plasma renin activity, a prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) during 21 d -6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT) with and without lower body negative pressure (LBNP). METHOD: -6 degrees head-down tilt for 21 d were used to simulate weightlessness. 12 healthy male, aged 23.7 +/- 5.0, were equally and randomly divided into control group (CON) and LBNP group. The latter subjected to LBNP (-30 mm Hg, 1 h/d) in the last week of HDT. Samples of plasma were taken before HDT and on the 2nd, 4th, 11th and 22nd day during HDT. RESULT: Compare to control levels, Ald declined significantly on the 2nd (CON -30%, P < 0. 05; V. S. LBNP -38%, P < 0.01), and increased significantly on the 11th day (CON +30%, P < 0.05; LBNP +48%, P < 0.01). PRA reached peak value on the 4th day (P < 0.05), and declined to below the control level on the 22nd day. PGI2 increased constantly during HDT, and increased significantly on the 22nd day (CON P < 0.01), 11th, 22nd (LBNP P < 0.05). No apparent difference was found between groups after LBNP concerning PRA and Ald; and PGI2 didn't increase further in LBNP group. Conclusion HDT induced a timely increasing in PRA and Ald, constant increasing in PGI2.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of extremity cuffs as a countermeasure against the cardiovascular deconditioning during 21 d head-down bedrest].

OBJECTIVE: To affirm the protective effect of inflated cuffs. METHOD: The protective effect against the cardiovascular deconditioning of inflated cuffs on the upper parts of thighs and arms during the 1st through 10th days of 21 d bedrest has been reported previously. The effect of the cuffs during the rest of the 21 d bedrest were studied in this paper. Five subjects in cuffs group whose orthostatic tolerance were well maintained continued bed rest for 7 d without inflated cuffs. For the last 4 days of this period, inflated cuffs were again applied. Orthostatic tolerance of subjects in cuffs group with and without cuffs were measured. RESULT: Two of the five subjects suffered orthostatic intolerance on the 17th day. No sign of orthostatic intolerance were observed by the end of bedrest. CONCLUSION: (1) the cardiovascular deconditioning developed when inflated cuffs were not used, and (2) the use of inflated cuffs for 4 d improves the orthostatic tolerance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The molecular basis for bidirectional communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems.

IL-2 has analgesic effects in both central and peripheral nervous systems. There are two distinct domains in IL-2 molecule mediating immunologic and analgesic activity, respectively. The analgesic domain of IL-2 may be composed of the 44th Phe, 45th Tyr, 107th Tyr, and 117th Phe residues that are located closely in the tertiary structure of IL-2. The analgesic activity may be mediated through the analgesic domain interaction with opioid receptor. In addition to peptides, cytokines may directly bind to peptide receptors, other than their specific cytokine receptors themselves. Conversely, peptides may also interact with cytokine receptors. Thus, peptide neurotransmitters and hormones may serve as endogenous regulators of the immune system, and cytokines may also serve as neurotransmitters. Multiple actions might be mediated by interactions between distinct domains of bioactive molecules with different receptors.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1998

Streptomyces thermogriseus, a new species of the genus Streptomyces from soil, lake and hot-spring.

Many thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from samples collected from a hot-spring, lake and soil in Yunnan, China. Chemical and molecular classification of four selected strains of thermophilic Streptomyces with an upper limited growth temperature of 65-68 degrees C and autolytic characteristics was carried out. A new species, Streptomyces thermogriseus sp. nov. is described. The type strain is Y-14046T (= CCTCC AA97014T).

China↗
PubMed1998

Description of Saccharomonospora xinjiangensis sp. nov. based on chemical and molecular classification.

Comparative studies of morphology, physiology, biochemistry and chemical composition of cells, and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences were carried out with strains XJ-54T and XJ-58 of the genus Saccharomonospora and type strains of related genera. The results indicated that the two strains are different from known members of the genus Saccharomonospora. A new species with the name Saccharomonospora xinjiangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The new species is characterized by the presence of longitudinal pairs of spores on both the aerial and the vegetative hyphae and contains phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline and unknown glucosamine-containing phospholipids, and the major menaquinones MK-9(H2), MK-9(H4) and MK-7(H4).

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1998

Long-term toxicity of modified recombinant human tumor necrosis factor in Macaca mulatta.

AIM: To study the long-term toxicity of modified recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF-NC) in Macaca mulatta compared with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF). METHODS: rhTNF-NC 93, 9.3 GU/m2, and rhTNF 62 GU/m2 were injected i.v. daily to 16 Macaca mulatta for 1 month and 10 d, respectively. Hematologic, chemical, urinalysis values, ECG, specific antibody, bone marrow, and pathologic profile of organs were measured. RESULTS: No more adverse effects of rhTNF-NC were found in spite of anorexia in 4 monkeys and palpebral edema in 2 monkeys of 93 GU/m2 group. Besides, in rhTNF group, the injury of liver and kidneys, the decrease of erythron, the phlebitis, and thrombosis at injection site occurred. Both drugs caused the production of specific antibody. CONCLUSION: No serious adverse effects of rhTNF-NC were found in Macaca mulatta. The toxicity of rhTNF-NC was much lower than that of rhTNF.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Myotrophic factors].

A variety of substances have been found to show myotrophic effect and are named myotrophic factors. Myotrophic factors provided a new means to the research and treatment of motor neuron diseases and muscle degenerating diseases. In this article, we reviewed the studies of various myotrophic factors, and indicated the clinical significance and direction of their studies.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1996

Human interleukin-2 could bind to opioid receptor and induce corresponding signal transduction.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was found to have an analgesic effect in the peripheral nervous system. Both electrophysiological and behavioural experiments suggested an anti-noceiceptive effect of IL-2 in animals. Biochemical experiments revealed that IL-2 could displace diprenorphine binding in both NG 108-15 cells and HEK 293 cells transfected with pCDNA3-DOR (delta opioid receptor). Furthermore, IL-2 significantly inhibited cAMP production stimulated by forskolin in both NG 108-15 and transfected HEK 293 cells, indicating that the binding of IL-2 to the delta opioid receptor is functional.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1996

[Possible mechanism of the analgesic effect of interleukin-2 in central nervous system].

The monoclonal antibody against IL-2R (Tac) could not block the analgesic effect of IL-2, and IL-2 mutant that could not bind to beta subunit of IL-2 receptor still had capability of increasing the pain threshold of rats. All these facts suggest that the analgesic effect of IL-2 in CNS is not mediated through the IL-2 receptor, and that the immune and analgesic effects of IL-2 are mediated through different receptor mechanisms. It is suggested that there are common antigenic determinants and similar structure between IL-2 and endogenous opioid peptides (EOP). This implies that the analgesic effect of IL-2 might be mediated by interaction between IL-2 and opioid receptors in CNS. Using radioimmunoassay the contents of EOP of different nuclei were measured at different times after injecting IL-2 into the lateral ventricle of rats. The results suggested that the analgesic effect of IL-2 may be related to beta-EP and LEK in arcuate hypothalamic nucleus, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus and locus ceruleus.

Analgesics, Non-Narcotic↗
PubMed1996

[A new domain of interleukin-2 and its analgesic effect in central nervous system].

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) possesses not only immunoregulatory activity, but also important effect on central nervous system (CNS). Here we report that IL-2 is an analgesic molecule in CNS and suggest that there are two distinct domains in IL-2 that mediate immune and analgesic activity. It is inferred that the analgesic effect of IL-2 in CNS is mainly mediated through the analgesic domain which is composed of the 45th Tyr-residue, the 44th, 117th Phe-residues and other residues around the 45th-Tyr in tertiary structure, directly binding to the opioid receptors. In addition, we propose that the multiple actions of cytokines might be mediated by interaction of distinct domains with different receptors or receptor subtypes.

Analgesics↗