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Biomedical subjects

C Keller

Publications and source records attributed to C Keller.

360 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Concurrent primaries of vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 39-year old woman with in utero diethylstilbestrol exposure.

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) was used widely in the late 1940s in an attempt to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. In 1971 the US Food and Drug Administration proscribed its use for pregnancy support secondary to its association with clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Several studies in animal models demonstrated an association with endometrial cancer among offspring following in utero DES exposure. To date, there is only one case report of endometrial cancer in women exposed to DES in utero. We present the first case, to our knowledge, of a woman exposed to DES in utero who presented with double primaries of clear cell cancer of the vagina concomitant with endometrial cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Potential HLA-matched platelet donor availability for alloimmunized patients.

An analysis of the computer searches for HLA-matched donors was done for 100 alloimmunized patients requiring HLA-matched platelet transfusion support. With a pool of 2470 donors, an average of only 1.3 (range 0-14) perfectly matched donors were potentially available per patient. Patients had an average of 9 donors with no mismatched antigens. Although the number of potential donors increased when cross reactive or single antigen mismatches were considered, our estimate of donor availability of this type is lower than reported previously. More donors were identified for the 39 patients with relatively common genotypes than for the remaining 61 patients. Of the latter group, 25 patients did not have any potential donors with "no mismatches" while in most of the others the only suitable donor was a family member. These data suggest that, given the limitations of platelet donor selection using current HLA typing technology, it may be difficult to provide long-term platelet transfusion support for alloimmunized patients with unusual HLA types. This fact should be considered when planning intensive therapeutic regimens for alloimmunized patients with leukemia.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Physical activity maintenance in elders with cardiac problems.

Clinicians who work with elderly people after acute cardiac events need strategies to facilitate the continuance of physical activity learned in cardiac rehabilitation programs. This exploratory study examined three factors related to this maintenance in 31 men and women: self-efficacy, stages of change, and social support for exercise. Self-efficacy was significantly correlated to stages of change and physical activity. Clinicians can use these factors to develop strategies to enhance the maintenance of exercise in elders with cardiac problems.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Educational preparedness for physical therapists and occupational therapists in burn care.

The background of physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) students in burn care training may be variable during their professional education. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether professional programs in PT and OT are meeting the burn care educational needs of their students. PTs and OTs currently practicing in burn care were asked to give their opinion of the most important curricular topics related to burn care, report their perception of their own entry-level preparedness for burn care, recount therapy interns preparation for burn care internships, and recommend topics that should be included in a therapy program burn care curriculum. Therapists felt prepared in basic sciences and somewhat prepared in specific burn care practice topics. Study participants felt more prepared for burn practice if they completed an internship in burn care. Enhancing content on burn-related treatment interventions was the most common suggestion for curricular revision.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors relating to hip joint arthritis following three childhood diseases--juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Perthes disease, and postreduction avascular necrosis in congenital hip dislocation.

This article discusses factors that relate to the prognosis for development of hip joint arthritis following juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), Perthes disease, and postreduction avascular necrosis in congenital hip dislocation (CDH). In JRA, the integrity of the articular cartilage determines prognosis. In Perthes disease, prognosis is strictly related to the shape of the hip. In postreduction avascular necrosis in CDH, half the patients have a prognosis primarily related to hip joint shape, and half have a prognosis apparently more related to the integrity of the articular cartilage.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100. Comparison with familial hypercholesterolemia in 18 cases detected in Munich.

It has recently been suggested that a substitution of glutamine for arginine at residue 3500 of apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 causes familial defective apo B-100 (FDB), an autosomal, dominantly inherited disorder, which leads to increased serum cholesterol levels. From a sample of 243 patients from Munich with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia (HL), we have identified eight individuals with the apo B-100 arginine(3500)----glutamine mutation. In a group of 57 subjects with defective low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), no mutant apo B alleles were detected. The frequency of FDB in patients with type IIa HL was estimated to be 3%. In the kindreds of three of the probands, 10 additional carriers of the apo B mutation were identified. Clinical and biochemical data reveal a striking similarity between patients with FDB and those with a defect in the LDLR gene. Our data support previous findings that FDB is a serious disorder causing premature atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in the rhizosphere of metal-accumulating plants evidenced by chemical extractants.

The plants Salix viminalis L. (common osier) and Thlaspi caerulescens J. Presl & C. Presl have been studied often because of their high potential to extract heavy metals from soils. The soil properties favoring this phytoextraction are not yet fully known. In this study we compared three frequently used single-extracting agents (NaNO3, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid [DTPA], and ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid [EDTA]) with a sequential extraction procedure to describe changes in the different Cd, Cu, and Zn pools in the rhizosphere of S. viminalis and T. caerulescens grown on calcareous and acidic Swiss soils in a pot experiment. The sequential extraction was used to assess the chemical affinities of these heavy metals (HM) in the soil whereas the single extractants were used for estimating the bioavailable HM pools in the soils. Cadmium depletion in several pools was most apparent in the acidic soil, with a significant decrease observed in the NaNO3-, DTPA-, and EDTA-extractable fractions following T. caerulescens growth compared with control pots. The sequential extraction showed that most Cd extracted by the plant from the acidic soil originated from the organic pool, which implies that heavy metals bound to organic matter may constitute a significant part of the bioavailable Cd pool in soils. In the calcareous soil only a small amount of Cd was taken up by T. caerulescens, and this came mainly from the carbonate-bound fraction. This study shows that T. caerulescens, and to a lesser extent S. viminalis, can alter the heavy metal distribution in different soil pools within 90 d.

Chelating Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coping strategies of chronically ill adolescents and their parents.

The purpose of this exploratory pilot study was to determine the coping strategies used by adolescents with chronic illnesses and compare those strategies with the strategies used by their parents. Adolescent coping strategies were measured by the Jaloweic Coping Scale, while parental perceptions of their coping strategies were assessed using the Hymovich Chronicity Impact and Coping Instruments: Parent Questionnaire (CICI:PQ). Fifteen chronically ill adolescents and their parents were administered the tools. Analysis revealed that there were significant differences between the parent coping strategies and those of the adolescents in the sample. Adolescent responses on the three subscales of the Jaloweic Coping Scale were analyzed with ANOVA, resulting in no significant differences in responses on the three subscales.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coping strategies of chronically ill adolescents and their parents.

The purpose of this exploratory pilot study was to determine the coping strategies used by adolescents with chronic illnesses and compare those strategies with the strategies used by their parents. Adolescent coping strategies were measured by the Jaloweic Coping Scale, while parental perceptions of their coping strategies were assessed using the Hymovich Chronicity Impact and Coping Instruments: Parent Questionnaire (CICI:PQ). Fifteen chronically ill adolescents and their parents were administered the tools. Analysis revealed that there were significant differences between the parent coping strategies and those of the adolescents in the sample. Adolescent responses on the three subscales of the Jaloweic Coping Scale were analysed using ANOVA, resulting in no significant differences in responses on the three subscales.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Turnaround time.

Advances in instrumentation have enabled laboratories to deliver results much more quickly. But as equipment has advanced so have expectations on turnaround time (TAT), driving up costs in the process. Laboratories must balance the needs of their clients against the need to cover their costs. In this issue, we asked our respondents: How do you address the issue of turnaround time?

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trace metal leaching through a soil-grassland system after sewage sludge application.

To determine whether sludge applications to soil would lead in the short term to toxicity to plants and trace metal leaching to ground water, we studied the fate of some trace and major elements in a brown soil-meadow system just after repeated sewage sludge applications. The main pathways were quantified over a 37-mo period with undisturbed monolith lysimeters including two controls, four lysimeters treated with 3 x 100 m3 ha-1, and four with 3 x 400 m3 ha-1 of sewage sludge. In drainage waters the effect was limited in time and, in the case of NO3-N and Cl, delayed by 1 to 4 mo and lasted several months before returning to background conditions. Nickel and Cu concentrations in solution increased also after sludge application and had not return to background conditions after 20 mo. Trace metal concentrations did not reach toxic levels in herbage and N, Cu, Cd, and Zn concentrations were correlated with the first sludge input only. Calculated over a 37-mo period, total element output was significantly increased for Ca, NO3-N, and Ni only, because of the time-dependent response to sludge application and high variability between replicates. Output was maximal for Cd, with 1.5% of total input for the 100 m3 ha-1 treatment. Particulate matter in drainage water accounted for an average of 20% of trace metal leaching. The main long-term risk was the rapid increase in trace metal concentrations in the topsoil, which may eventually lead to toxic levels in herbage.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiovascular nursing research review. 1969 to 1988.

In a review of 243 cardiovascular nursing research articles, eight themes of cardiovascular nursing research have emerged: health related behaviors, activity, cardiac output, family, adherence, patient education, stress-anxiety coping, and perception of care and treatment. Several conclusions are drawn from this review. First, the quantity of cardiovascular nursing research in the literature during 1985-1988 has more than doubled from the number of articles published during 1981-1984. Second, cardiovascular nursing researchers are following earlier recommendations to engage in theory-then-research to build a scientific basis for nursing practice. Third, the topical trends identified in this review are congruent with priorities in nursing research established by the American Nurses' Association Cabinet on Nursing Research and the National Center for Nursing Research. Further suggestions for cardiovascular nursing research in the areas of technological dependency (such as implantable defibrillators) and individual and family responses (such as risk factor modification strategies in children, and behavioral responses to cardiovascular disease in the elderly and chronically ill) are proposed.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Young black women: defining health.

The purpose of this study was to elicit a definition of health as described by young Black women and to characterize the factors related to their definitions of health. The research questions were: (a) How do young Black women define health and (b) what factors are related to their definition of health? Using interviews and open-ended questions, an exploratory descriptive design examined the factors which contribute to the definition of health. Twenty-two young Black women between the ages of 21 and 40 comprised the sample. A wide range of incomes, occupations, educational levels, marital status, and family sizes were represented. The informants defined health as comprising those characteristics, behaviors, and/or activities which include: (a) having or avoiding a disease, (b) the presence or absence of obesity, (c) experiencing and reducing stress, (d) good and bad health habits, (e) eating good and bad foods, and (f) engaging (or not) in exercise.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childhood obesity: measurement and risk assessment.

Obesity is a common nutritional disturbance in children, ranging from 18% to 30% in children of various ages. It is even more problematic among ethnically diverse populations. Because childhood is a critical period for the initiation of obesity, appropriate measurement and assessment of children at risk are essential. Current approaches to the measurement of fatness and classification of obesity vary in their accuracy and reproducibility. Measurement of body fatness in children and adolescents is most accurately estimated by combinations of measures.

Adolescent↗