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Biomedical subjects

C J Morris

Publications and source records attributed to C J Morris.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Protection of rams against epididymitis by a Brucella ovis-vitamin E adjuvant vaccine.

Rams vaccinated at 7 and 8 months of age with a B. ovis-vitamin E adjuvant vaccine had increased antibody titers compared with Freund's incomplete adjuvant or commercial bacterin vaccinated rams. The percent overall infectivity in an experimental infection of B. ovis-vitamin E adjuvant vaccinated rams was 22% compared to 44% for B. ovis-Freund's incomplete adjuvant or bacterin vaccinated rams and 67% for control.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

Whipple's disease diagnosed at hip arthroplasty.

A patient is reported with a six-year history of seronegative inflammatory arthritis, lymphadenopathy, and a rash. Many investigations, including repeat jejunal and synovial needle biopsies, failed to establish the diagnosis. Eventually right hip destruction led to arthroplasty. Synovial membrane obtained at operation was examined by electron microscopy and organisms were found with the morphological characteristics of those in patients where the diagnosis was firmly established as Whipple's disease. We propose that Whipple's disease should be seriously considered as a rare but distinct and treatable possibility in the differential diagnosis of seronegative inflammatory arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Laminin and vascular proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Laminin is a high molecular weight basement membrane structural glycoprotein. In rheumatoid arthritis and other arthropathies immunoreactive laminin was prominent in synovial blood vessel basement membranes and acted as a marker for them. It codistributed with collagen type IV. Immunohistological reactivity to laminin showed extensive vascular proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis together with basement membrane reduplication, which was confirmed ultrastructurally. Parallel histological studies showed vascular proliferation was predominantly in the subintimal rheumatoid synovium, where it was related to connective tissue proliferation but not to the inflammatory cell infiltrate. Vascular proliferation was also seen in relation to connective tissue changes in biopsies from cases of haemophilic arthritis, osteoarthritis, and meniscal tears. We suggest connective tissue activation is non-specific reaction associated with vascular proliferation. This involves laminin and other structural proteins. It occurs in rheumatoid arthritis and other arthropathies but is distinct from inflammatory cell infiltration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructure of synovial changes in rheumatoid disease and in seronegative inflammatory arthropathies.

Synovial tissue has been examined by electron microscopy from patients suffering from either sero-positive or sero-negative inflammatory arthropathies to allow direct comparison of the ultrastructural changes found in these groups and to confirm and extend observations previously made in a smaller group of sero-negative arthropathies. Both groups have been compared with material from healthy controls. The sero-positive group comprised 13 cases of 'definite' or 'classical' rheumatoid arthritis. The sero-negative group consisted of 9 cases of arthritis secondary to Crohn's disease (3); Reiter's syndrome (2); Whipple's disease (1); Behcet's disease (1); Wegener's granulomatosis (1) and ankylosing spondylitis (1). The control tissue was obtained from 6 non-arthritic subjects undergoing surgery for non-inflammatory conditions. Confirmation was obtained of changes previously reported in subcellular organelles, especially in synovial B cells, in all forms of inflammatory arthritis as compared with controls. Attention is now drawn to other intracellular changes in B cells and intermediate cells which included: a marked increase of intermediate filaments and microfilaments: and proliferation of pinocytotic vesicles and rough endoplasmic reticulum. These changes were often accompanied by the presence, in the immediate environment of these cells, of extracellular microfibrillary masses but little or no accumulation of intermediate filaments. It was confirmed that synovial A cells were reduced in number but showed changes suggestive of increased phagocytic activity and also exhibited proliferation of cytoskeletal elements. Differences in these structural changes between sero-positive and sero-negative arthritis were of degree rather than of kind and no 'specific' or diagnostic differences were observed between the various forms of seronegative athropathies. The possible significance of the structural changes observed is discussed.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructure of the synovial membrane in seronegative inflammatory arthropathies.

The ultrastructure of the synovial membrane has been studied in 6 patients with seronegative inflammatory arthropathies: Reiter's (2), Crohn's (2), Whipple's (1) and Behçet's disease (1). The most striking changes were found in the synovial B cells, many containing abnormally large mitochondria with altered cristae surrounded by fibrillar material. Similar material was present in dilated endoplasmic reticulum which was the probable source of groups of extracellular fibrillar spheroidal bodies. The B cells also contained electron dense granular lysosomes of very variable size which, in common with the abnormal mitochondria, were often associated with bundles of orientated microfilaments and large golgi complexes. Light microscopy of the synovial membrane was consistent with an inflammatory arthritis, as were the high white cell counts in the synovial fluid. Systemic activity in the patients was indicated by raised ESR and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Arthritis↗
PubMed1983

Effect of salicylates on intestinal secretion in calves given (intestinal loops) Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin.

The inhibitory effect of salicylates on intestinal secretion in 1- to 5-day-old calves given Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (ST)-induced intestinal fluid response was investigated. Purified ST was diluted in isotonic saline solution to obtain 1:10, 1:25, 1:50, 1:75, and 1:100 dilutions. Each dilution (1 ml) was inoculated into ligated loops in the distal part of the jejunum of each calf. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) given orally (100 mg/kg) at 4 hours before ST was inoculated did not substantially alter the intestinal fluid response to ST. Sodium salicylate (IV) infusion, begun simultaneously when, or at 1 hour after, ST was inoculated, significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased fluid accumulation in those loops inoculated with ST dilutions of 1:25 or greater. The sodium and potassium concentrations of the accumulated fluid did not differ significantly between or within treatment groups. These results indicate that sodium salicylate infusion may be beneficial in treating enterotoxic colibacillosis in calves. Aspirin given orally at the dose used in the present study, would not have any beneficial effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Studies on the possible involvement of complement component C3 in the initiation of acid hydrolase secretion by macrophages.

Complement component C3 has been detected on the plasma membranes of mouse peritoneal macrophages by using an immunoperoxidase technique in conjunction with transmission electron microscopy. Evidence that such cell surface-associated C3 might be the trigger for lysosomal enzyme discharge was sought initially by exposing macrophage monolayers to anti-mouse C3 F(ab')2, and later, by treating cells with the antibody fragment before two potent secretagogues (methylamine and zymosan particles). Both methods, however, failed to demonstrate a role for cell surface-associated C3 in the initiation of enzyme secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of fibronectin in the rectal mucosa.

Fibronectin is a glycoprotein of high molecular weight present in tissues, plasma, and tissue fluids. Its distribution in the rectal mucosa was studied by immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase techniques using a monospecific antiserum. Immunofluorescent reactivity for fibronectin was present in the normal rectal mucosa of control subjects in epithelial cells, on basement membranes, and as a loose cribriform network of extracellular reactivity in the lamina propria that codistributed with histochemically demonstrable reticulin. Fibronectin was demonstrated immunoelectromicroscopically on collagen fibres, on smooth muscle cells and within and between columnar epithelial cells. In the rectal mucosa of patients with colitis with marked inflammatory changes, fibronectin appeared thickened and more prominent when present on basement membranes and as sparse strands between inflammatory cells infiltrating the lamina propria. In patients with longstanding colitis and less inflammatory cell infiltration there was a diffuse increase in fibronectin which was densely and uniformly present throughout the lamina propria. Fibronectin is a structural component of the rectal mucosa and changes in its distribution may form an important part of the local reaction to inflammatory bowel disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Demonstration by a rosette-forming technique of surface receptors for low-density lipoproteins on lymphoblastoid cells.

1. A simple technique of 'rosette' formation by low-density-lipoprotein-coated erythrocytes around human lymphoblastoid cells, stimulated to generate specific high affinity low-density lipoprotein receptors, is described. 2. Rosette formation is specific for high-affinity surface binding alone and the properties of the low-density lipoprotein receptors defined by it are identical with those found by using 125I-labelled low-density lipoprotein binding at 4 degrees C. 3. Preliminary observations suggest that specific surface binding of low-density lipoprotein is shown by some, but not all, lymphoid cell lines, is independent of certain other surface receptors and in unrelated to whether the cells originate from B or T cells. 4. Loss of low-density lipoprotein surface receptors on lymphoid cell lines (as with other surface receptors) may occur simply from prolonged culture rather than as a result of genetically mediated familial abnormality.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1978

The sequestration and margination of platelets and leucocytes in veins during conditions of hypokinetic and anaemic hypoxia: potential significance in clinical postoperative venous thrombosis.

Lesions apparently similar to the white part of natural and experimental thrombi were found in the veins of animals starved of oxygen by "hypokinetic" and "anaemic" means: in contrast to this, no comparable lesions were seen in animals exposed to "arterial" hypoxia. The interpretation of these observations, and their probable relevance to the conditions in which postoperative venous thrombi develop, is discussed.

Anemia↗
PubMed1977

Chemical differences between thyrotropin isohormones.

Amide determinations have been carried out, with a newly developed g.l.c. method, on thyrotropin hormones prepared by isoelectric focusing. The observed differences in amide content fully account for the differences in the electrochemical properties of the isohormones.

Amides↗
PubMed1977

Formation of N-acetylglutamate by extracts of higher plants.

The enzymic synthesis of N-acetylglutamate was studied in extracts of higher plant tissues, especially in sugar beet leaves (Beta vulgaris L.). Sugar beet leaves had an enzyme that transferred the acetyl group either from acetyl-CoA or from N(2)-acetylornithine to glutamate. The enzyme was so unstable that special precautions were necessary for its detection and appreciable purification was impossible. The Km values were 2.5 and 0.025 mM for acetyl-CoA and N(2)-acetylornithine, respectively. The Km for glutamate was 23 mM with acetylornithine-glutamate transacetylase and 2.7 mM with acetyl-CoA-glutamate transacetylase. The pH optimum for acetyl-CoA-glutamate transacetylase was about 7.2 whereas that for acetylornithine-glutamate transacetylase was about 8.3. Acetylphosphate, N(2)-acetyl-2,4-diaminobutyrate, propionyl-CoA, and succinyl-CoA were not substrates.Arginine inhibited the acetyl-CoA-glutamate transacetylase and acetylglutamate phosphokinase but had no effect on the acetylornithineglutamate transacetylase. Related compounds had either no effect or much less than arginine. Arginine had no effect on enzyme levels.Acetyl-CoA-glutamate transacetylase was also found in Raphanus sativus L., Glycine max L. Merr., Arachis hypogaea L., Brassica rapa L., and Pisum sativum L. Acetylornithine-glutamate transacetylase was found in all of the above species plus Zea mays L., Avena sativa L., and Triticum aestivum L.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

Studies on the passage of plasma proteins across arterial endothelium in relation to atherogenesis.

Previous studies using isotopically labelled lipoproteins or immuno-histological characterisation of the apolipoproteins present in atherolsclerotic lesions have suggested that lipoproteins varying in size from LDL to VLDL gain entry to the lesions. It has also been shown that a fraction of these lipoproteins is firmly bound to various constituents of the arterial wall. Using the immunoperoxidase technique at the electron microscopic level, it is now confirmed that spherical molecules specifically interacting with labelled anti-LDL (anti-apolipoprotein B) and of a range of molecular diameters corresponding to those of LDL to VLDL are indentifiable in the intersitial matrix of lesions. The labelled antibodies also identified lipoprotein bound to elastin, within smooth muscle cells, and bound to collagen fibres. In advanced lesions lipoprotein was found to be bound not only to "normal" (native) collagen fibrils but also with a characteristic periodicity to fibrous long-spacing collagen. The occurrence of this "abnormal" form of collagen in plaques is now reported for the first time but its possible significance in relation to atherogenesis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Applications of gas-liquid chromatography in protein chemistry. Determination of C-terminal sequences on nanomolar amounts of proteins.

A method for the determination of C-terminal amino acids and C-terminal amino acid sequences in nanomolar amounts of proteins is described, based on carboxypeptidase A digestion of the protein, followed by removal of the partially digested protein and quantitative gas-liquid chromatographic determination of the amino acids released after known time intervals. Sequences deduced from the kinetics of release of specific amino acids are compared with the known C-terminal sequences of well-characterized proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗