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Biomedical subjects

C Hoffmann

Publications and source records attributed to C Hoffmann.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical pharmacokinetics of lidocaine after intraoral nerve block].

Aim of this study was to show the time course of plasma concentrations of 2% lignocaine with adrenalin at a concentration of 1:100,000. Four retinated third molars were removed in one session in 23 patients. For local anaesthesia in each patient we used 10 ml of Xylocaine 2% (Astra), which is commonly used in dentistry. The plasma-concentration was measured for the first 30 minutes after injection of the local anaesthetic using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our results suggest that partially intravascular injection could not be avoided although careful aspiration was carried out before injecting. Neither subjective nor objective adverse central nervous effects were seen in our patients. Nevertheless we consider a peripheral intravenous cannula and ECG-monitoring strongly recommended in all major operations under local anaesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Mycological surveillance of children with cystic fibrosis].

The mycological surveillance included 121 patients aged 1 to 21 years treated from 1981 to 1987 in the Centre of Cystic Fibrosis in Dresden. The control groups comprised 136 resp. 140 healthy children aged 1 to 16 years. The study evaluated the incidence of fungi in the oral cavity, bronchial secreta, sputum, faeces and urine as well as the specific serum antibodies to Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus in correlation to the course of the cystic fibrosis and the applied chemotherapy. The study pointed out a parallel run concerning the progression of the clinical manifestation of the basic disease, the duration of the required chemotherapy and the mycological findings indicating more and more pathological levels. The mycological results of the children with a moderate course of cystic fibrosis were conformable to the findings of the children of the control groups. Systemic candidosis or aspergillosis were not seen. Because patients suffering from cystic fibrosis are predisposed for infections with fungi, especially with Aspergillus fumigatus, the authors recommend a mycological surveillance of these patients depending on the clinical course of cystic fibrosis: once in twelve months for patients with mild symptoms and every third month for patients with severe symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The craniodigital syndrome of Scott: report of a second family.

We report on a boy with a characteristic combination of facial anomalies, syndactylies of fingers and toes, and mental retardation. Scott et al. (Journal of Pediatrics 78:658-663, 1971) observed 3 brothers with almost identical manifestations. The mother of these patients had bilateral syndactyly of toes 2 and 3. This led the authors to suggest X-linked inheritance. The mother of our patient also has cutaneous syndactyly between the second and third toes, strengthening the hypothesis of X-linked inheritance.

Face↗
PubMed1990

Flow cytometric analysis of G1- and G2/M-phase subpopulations in mammalian cell nuclei using side scatter and DNA content measurements.

Several subcompartments of the cell cycle in addition to the G1-, S-, and G2-phases usually observed were identified by simultaneous flow cytometric measurements of ethidium bromide fluorescence and side scatter intensity of cell nuclei. Metaphase cells and very early G1-phase cells (G1A) with low side scatter intensities were discriminated from interphase cells with high side scatter intensities. The reason for the various side scatter intensities was found to be the different structure of metaphase cells and early G1-phase cells due to chromatin condensation as shown by sorting of the respective cell nuclei. The G1A-phase could further be subdivided into two compartments with very low side scatter (G1A1) and intermediate side scatter (G1A2) intensities. Using partially synchronized cells the duration of these subcompartments of the G1-phase could be estimated. The durations of G1A1- and G1A2-phases were found to be about 10 min and 20 min, respectively, compared to the total duration of the G1-phase of about 3 h. Additional flow cytometric measurements of side scatter intensities of cell nuclei provide therefore further information on subcompartments of the G1- and G2/M-phases.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Pediatric bone marrow transplants: psychological aspects.

On a pediatric bone marrow transplant unit, hematologist-oncologists, nurses, social workers, psychiatrists, psychologists, and others on the team deal with children and adolescents whose cancers are either treatable by marrow transplantation or are ultimately fatal. Contrary to original assumptions, many children and families cope well, especially in relatively uncomplicated cases with good outcome. Treatment may include direct psychotherapeutic intervention with the child and family, as well as use of psychopharmacologic agents such as antidepressants or anxiolytics for frank psychiatric disorders. Psychotherapists often have to function adjunctively with other staff members in their interactions with the patient and the family. A stress disorder model appears to best explain child, parent and family reactions to bone marrow transplantation. Given the medical severity and complexity of the conditions treated, and the approximately equal rates of overall success and failure, a supportive consultative approach is usually most helpful for child patients, parents and staff throughout the procedure. A retrospective study of the children treated over seven years in a tertiary pediatric hospital bone marrow transplant unit is presented. The level of child, parent, and family psychopathology was usually mild to moderate, but there were clear differences between patients. Mothers were more supportive than fathers under this extreme type of stress. Prospective longitudinal studies of children and families are needed to establish causal chains and optimal therapeutic interventions.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Chemical and thermal compatibility of all-ceramic systems].

The chemical and thermal compatibility of the all-ceramic systems Vitadur-N, Hi-Ceram and In-Ceram as well as the combinations of Dicor with Vitadur-N, Dicor with NBK 1000 and Dicor with Vivodent, respectively, were investigated by means of electronmicroscopy and microprobe measurements at the interface of each compound, and thermomechanical analyses of the components were performed. The results show good contact at the interface of all combinations investigated. No evidence was found for diffusion at the interface except in the In-Ceram system, were a migration of K+ from Vitadur-N dentine into the glassy phase of In-Ceram occurs. The thermomechanical analyses showed a good thermal compatibility of all compounds investigated.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1990

[Doppler echocardiographic diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in children with mucoviscidosis].

Today Doppler echocardiography is a reliable noninvasive method in the diagnostic of pulmonary hypertension. We investigated 52 patients (age 1 to 19 years) with pulsed- or continuous-wave Doppler. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) was calculated about the equation of Akiba using acceleration time, corrected by heart rate. SPAP estimated in this way was less than 20 mmHg in 14% of the patients. 20-39 mmHg in 29%, 40-59 mmHg in 31% and about 60 mmHg in 26%. No correlation was found between age and SPAP and only low correlation between score of Shwachman (r = 0.37) or score of Norman-Crispin and SPAP. Between body fat, calculated from the thickness of skin folds, and SPAP was found a good correlation (r = -0.73, p = 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of reflux behavior of esophago-jejunal anastomoses following gastrectomy].

Functional results of 48 gastrectomies are reported. The applied techniques of the construction (jejunoplicatio) are judged for the safety of the anastomosis. 29 patients (60.5%) were examined for the degree of jejunooesophageal reflux after a survival time of 1 year. Antireflux techniques of anastomosis had good functional results measured by manometry and pH-metry.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗
PubMed1989

Localization of a putative cell adhesion molecule (gp110) in Wistar and Fischer rat tissues.

A plasma membrane glycoprotein (gp110) involved in cellular adhesion was studied in Wistar and Fischer rats. For quantitative analysis of the gp110 molecule a sandwich-ELISA was used. High quantities of gp110 were found especially in the liver, small intestine, submandibular gland and lung. The distribution and localization of the gp110 were investigated by immunohistochemistry utilizing soluble complexes of alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase antibodies. Immunoreactivity was present in plasma membranes of vascular endothelial cells of some organs. Furthermore, immunostaining also occurred in plasma membranes of lymphocytes, exocrine gland cells, excretory duct cells, hepatocytes, epithelial cells of the small intestine, kidney and vesicular gland and in the cytoplasm of renal connecting and collecting duct cells. The localization of gp110 in the luminal domain of the plasma membrane at many sites suggests that this glycoprotein is also involved in processes distinct from cell adhesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of mucoviscidosis by examination of sweat: value of conductometry].

Two methods for the determination of sodium in the sweat after stimulation by pilocarpine-iontophoresis were compared in 227 patients, among them 27 with a known cystic fibrosis. These two methods were 1. the standardized method by flame fotometry (State Pharmacopoeia of the German Democratic Republic) and 2. the determination of the sweat conductance by the new apparatus "CF-Conductognost". Both methods showed a good correlation. We recommend the conductometry for the decentralized screening because it saves time and gives results immediately. But in all patients with a questionable or pathologic value of conductance the sweat test should be repeated with the standardized method. This concerns only about 10 per cent of all patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Primary cardiac tumors--clinical experiences and late results in 48 patients.

Between 1971 and 1987 48 patients (35 female and 13 male) underwent operations at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, for primary cardiac tumors. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 71 years. Clinical symptoms were congestive heart failure, cardiac murmurs and findings similar to mitral stenosis, chest pain, arrhythmias, arterial embolism, myocardial infarction and pericarditis. 39 of the tumors were benign and 9 were malignant. Diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography and/or cineangiocardiography. The left atrium was most commonly involved, followed by the right atrium. Surgery was performed in all cases using cardiopulmonary bypass. Benign tumors were totally removed, including attachment to the atrial septum or the free wall. In one case the tumor resection was carried out by autotransplantation of the heart. During the perioperative period we lost one of the 39 patients with benign tumors due to low cardiac output. Observing a mean follow up period of 48 months, no recurrence of tumors was noted and all patients are doing well now. The malignant neoplasms could not be removed completely, and in 4 cases only a reduction of the tumor mass was possible. Three of the 9 patients died during the postoperative period. Only one patient survived longer than 48 months. Whereas surgical therapy of malignant cardiac tumors is still a matter of discussion based upon these discouraging results, benign or semimalignant cardiac neoplasms have a very favourable prognosis when the surgical intervention can be performed prior to the occurrence of severe complications, such as congestive heart failure and arterial embolism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Rapid purification of dipeptidyl peptidase IV from rat liver plasma membrane.

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (EC 3.4.14.5) was solubilized from rat liver plasma membranes with sulphobetaine 14 and purified by successive affinity chromatography on Con A-Sepharose, wheat germ lectin-Sepharose and arginine-Sepharose columns. The specific activity of the final preparation was 49.4 mumol Gly-Pro p-nitroanilide/min per mg protein, representing a 1098-fold purification of the homogenate. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the arginine-Sepharose eluate showed a single protein band with a molecular weight of 105,000. The isoelectric point was determined to be 3.9 under non-denaturing conditions with sulphobetaine 14. The preparation was free of post-proline cleaving enzyme. The content of aminopeptidase M was 0.2% of the total protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Chemical synthesis of octadeoxyribonucleotides containing sequence-specific 3'-deoxy-3'-chlorouridine residues and 2'-5' internucleotide linkages by the phosphite chloridite approach.

3'-Deoxy-3'-chlorouridine has been chemically incorporated into two octanucleotides at various positions using in situ prepared phosphite chloridite intermediates. The behaviour of these modified selfcomplementary DNA fragments containing 2'-5' internucleotide bonds in the neighbourhood of 3'-deoxy-3'-chlororibose in respect to chemical sequencing, polynucleotide kinase and T4 DNA ligase has been studied.

Base Sequence↗