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Biomedical subjects

C Hill

Publications and source records attributed to C Hill.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Perceived palatability of the prudent diet: results of a dietary demonstration for physicians.

"Product sampling" is an effective marketing strategy which lowers consumer buying resistance by providing a free sample of the product for the consumer to test. We used this strategy to demonstrate the palatability of the prudent diet (30-35% of calories from total fats, less than 10% from saturated fats, less than 3 g sodium, and increased fiber) to physicians attending a 5-day family practice continuing medical education conference. The effect of the intervention was evaluated with pre- and postintervention questionnaires and a 20% random sample of participants was surveyed 1 year later. The proportion of physicians who reported that they considered the diet to be "very palatable" rose from 26% before the demonstration to 64% after the demonstration. Only 5% of the physicians did not report a favorable response to the demonstration. Sixty-two percent of the physicians reported that the diet was better than expected, and 82% reported that the demonstration encouraged them to recommend the diet to their patients. One year after the intervention 60% considered the diet "very palatable" and 55% reported that the demonstration stimulated them to increase their dietary intervention activities. These data suggest that serving the prudent diet at continuing medical education programs helps to remove prejudices about the diet and encourages physicians to recommend the diet to their patients.

Attitude↗
PubMed1983

Iron supplements versus placebo during pregnancy: its effects on iron and folate status on mothers and newborns.

Iron and folate status of 203 pregnant women have been evaluated at 6 months gestation and on the same women and their newborn infants at delivery. The women who had, at 6 months gestation, a Hb level below 11 g/dl were systematically given iron supplements. Iron or placebo were randomly allocated to the other women. At 6 months of pregnancy, one quarter of the women had a Hb level under 11 g/dl but one third had a serum ferritin level below 12 micrograms/l and more than half had low levels of serum and red cell folate. Iron supplements induced an increase both in Hb levels and in serum ferritin values; however, no significant differences were observed in serum ferritin of the newborn infants, whether their mothers had received iron supplements or not. These results have led us to reconsider the value of ferritin levels at birth as an index of iron stores in the infant. Iron supplements had no effect on the folate status in mothers or infants or on the frequency of obstetrical complications. A significant relationship was found between maternal folate levels and length of gestation. Folate supplementation may reduce the incidence of premature delivery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Male mouse accessory sex glands in organ culture.

Explants of epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, and coagulating gland from 10-12-week-old and 7-8-month-old male Swiss Webster mice were maintained in synthetic media without serum or hormones for up to 28 days. Differences were observed in the survival and responses of each gland and the behavior of the principal and basal cells. Epithelial cell migration was pronounced in the vas, moderate in the epididymis, and low in the seminal and coagulating gland. The incidence of basal cell proliferation, hyperplasia, and squamous metaplasia usually was positively related to the frequency of basal cells in the zero-time explants. Few differences were observed between the survival or responses of explants from young and old animals; however, explant culture appears useful for exploring fundamental properties of each accessory sex gland, especially the properties of basal cells.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Root resorption after orthodontic treatment of traumatized teeth.

This study concerns the frequency and degree of root resorption in traumatized incisors that have been treated orthodontically. The subjects were twenty-seven patients (fifteen boys and twelve girls) with fifty-five traumatized incisors; fifty-five consecutive patients without traumatized teeth served as controls. All the control patients were treated with extraction of four first premolars and a fixed appliance (thirty-three with an edgewise and twenty-two with a Begg appliance). Signs of root resorption were registered with index scores from 0 to 4 (Fig. 1). The degree of root resorption in traumatized teeth was compared to that in the uninjured control teeth in the same patient and in the patients without trauma. Neither the intraindividual nor the interindividual comparisons support the hypothesis that traumatized teeth have a greater tendency toward root resorption than uninjured teeth. Root resorption (scores 2 to 4) was found in 51 percent of the traumatized incisors, in 43 percent of the incisors treated with edgewise appliances, and in 48 percent of those treated with Begg appliances. Traumatized teeth with signs of root resorption prior to orthodontic treatment may be more prone to root resorption during treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Purified tumour angiogenesis factor enhances proliferation of capillary, but not aortic, endothelial cells in vitro.

Purified tumour angiogenesis factor (TAF) obtained from rat Walker 256 carcinoma and found to induce neovascularization in vivo was examined for its effect on endothelial cell cultures of capillary (CBEC), cow aorta (CAEC) and pig aorta (PAEC) in vitro. Treatment with TAF increased the growth of capillary but not aortic endothelial cells, and then only when the cells were growing on a native collagen substratum. These data show an important growth difference between endothelial cells, in that the ability to proliferate in response to TAF depends not only on the substratum used but also on the vascular origin of the cells.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1981

Prophylactic cefazolin versus placebo in total hip replacement. Report of a multicentre double-blind randomised trial.

The effect of five days of antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin injections (beginning just before surgery) on postoperative infections (beginning just before surgery) on postoperative infectious complications was evaluated in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in nine centres on 2137 patients undergoing hip replacement. Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the number of hip infections significantly from 3.3% (placebo) to 0.9% (cefazolin). Positive peroperative blood samples and positive bacteriological examination of the drain were risk factors for hip infection but the prognostic value of obesity, diabetes, or previous hip surgery was not confirmed. Development of a urinary infection was not related to hip infection. Hip infections were less common in the four centres with hypersterile operating theatres, and the benefits of prophylactic antibiotics were restricted to patients having hip replacement operations in conventional theatres.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Modular approach to CPR training.

Basic and advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation training is worthwhile yet time consuming. Anesthesiologists should be among the most qualified leaders in CPR teaching programs. Using a modular self-teaching presentation for basic and advanced cardiac life support courses, minimal instructor time is required to accomplish proficiency in both didactic and mannequin performance for participants. This method can be adapted to various educational levels and time constraints without compromising quality of teaching.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1980

Morphological changes in the mammalian vas deferens during aging. I. The occurrence of binuclear cells in the mouse.

The number of nuclei per principal cell was determined in the vas deferens of sexually immature, young sexually mature and old male mice. The incidence of binucleation increased with age. In 21-day-old mice approximately 99% of the principal cells were mononucleated and 9%-20% of the principal cells were binucleated. In the oldest animals, the ampulla and testis end of the vas usually had more binuclear cells than the middle segment. The biological significance and the mechanism of this phenomenon are not known; however, binucleation may prove to be a useful indicator of aging in the vas of this species. In addition, the mouse vas may provide a useful model for studies of binucleation and mitosis.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

The sixth sense.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[The value of haematological data in the diagnosis of foetomaternal infections (author's transl)].

In a systematic prospective study the levels of mature polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), unsegmented band cells, platelets and fibrinogen were measured during the first 5 days of life. 240 neonates of less than 2 days of age admitted to an intensive care unit were compared with 173 normal infants ("control" group) and 15 infected babies ("infected" group). The changes of PMN with gestational age and during the early days of postnatal life were determined by statistical analysis of the results in the "control" group. The results of the "infected" group demonstrated the change of PMN and unsegmented cells from the day of infection. This data should be used to interpret the levels of PMN, unsegmented band cells and together with the abnormalities in the platelets and plasma fibrinogen levels underlines the value of haemotological tests in the early diagnosis of foetomaternal infections.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

[Iron deficiency in the pregnant woman. Its repercussions on the newborn. The influence of systematic iron treatment (author's transl)].

We have studied the haematological and iron state of 203 women from the sixth month of pregnancy till two months after delivery, and of their newborn from birth to the age of two months. Iron deficiency affects more than a third of women with a higher risk for multipara and for immigrants. The only sure way of screening for this is by estimating the plasma ferritin. When iron was given routinely as a supplement we found that the tissue reserves of iron rose from the third trimester onwards and two months later were entirely normal in treated women, but an iron deficiency persisted in women who were not treated. The transfer of iron to the fetus in the third trimester of pregnancy is related to the quantity of iron given to the mother in her diet. The iron reserves in the tissues of these children were higher at two months of age when the mothers had been treated with iron during the pregnancy. The value of estimating ferritin in the blood as an indicator of tissue reserves should be considered in the neo-natal period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in relation to gestational age in the newborn.

173 distressed newborn infants without evidence of bacterial infection were investigated at 12-hour intervals for the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes during the first 5 days of life. The results showed a significant difference in the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in relation to both gestational and post natal ages. The study stresses the necessity of taking into account these differences in interpreting neutropenia as a sign of bacterial infection in neonates.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Acupuncture in gastroscopy.

The analgesic effect of acupuncture was evaluated by a double-blind controlled trial in 90 patients undergoing gastroscopy. The endoscopy was much easier and better tolerated after real acupuncture had been performed.

Acupuncture Therapy↗