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Biomedical subjects

C Hagen

Publications and source records attributed to C Hagen.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Sex steroids and sex-hormone binding globulin in males with chronic alcoholism.

Thirty men with chronic alcoholism were studied. Biopsies of the liver and testis were performed in all. Serum concentrations of total and non-protein bound (free) testosterone and oestradiol, dihydrotestosterone and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were determined. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations were normal in most patients, whereas oestradiol and free oestradiol were above normal in approximately 50% of the patients. None of the hormones measured differed significantly between patients with and without cirrhosis. SGBG was significantly higher in men with severely reduced spermatogenesis compared to those with intact germinal epithelium, but there was no difference between men with and without cirrhosis. No relation could be demonstrated between clinical signs of hypogonadism and any of the hormones measured. The results support the view that hormonal and sexual disturbances may occur in chronic alcoholism independent of the presence of liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Kinetics of human connecting peptide in normal and diabetic subjects.

The metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of synthetic human connecting peptide (C-peptide) was measured with a single-dose injection technique in six normal and seven diabetic subjects and with a constant infusion technique in one normal subject. The MCR of C-peptide did not differ in normal subjects (4.4 ml/min per kg; range, 3.7-4.9) and in diabetic subjects (4.7 ml/min per kg; range, 3.7-5.8). Employment of both techniques in one subject gave similar MCR. The average half-life of C-peptide in plasma calculated from the last 1-h period of the single-dose injection studies was longer in the insulin-dependent diabetics (42.5 min; range, 39.4-48.5) than in the normal subjects (33.5 min; range, 24.9-45.3). These results indicate that the beta-cell secretory capacity of normal and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects can be compared by measuring the C-peptide concentration in peripheral venous plasma. The difference in the half-life of C-peptide in plasma between diabetics and normals suggests an altered kinetics of the disappearance of the peptide, while the overall metabolism, as expressed by the MCR, is similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Assistive communication systems for the anarthric and severe dysarthric patient: a rationale for their use and criteria for their selection.

A rationale for the use of nonvocal communication systems by anarthric and severe dysarthric patients is presented. Criteria for selecting nonvocal systems are discussed in relationship to: type of motor dysfunction, intellectual and cognitive capabilities, language abilities, emotional-motivational status and system variables.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1977

Diurnal variations in plasma prolactin, growth hormone, cortisol and blood glucose in labile diabetes mellitus.

In labile diabetes mellitus wihout ketoacidosis we have studied plasma prolactin levels and a possible causal connection between fluctuation in blood glucose concentration and plasma prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol levels. The hormone concentrations in plasma and blood glucose concentration were determined at 20 min intervals for a 24 h period in six male patients with insulin treated diabetes mellitus. Prolactin varied within the normal range but without any significant rise in relation to sleep in five out of the six patients. Growth hormone levels were low with superimposed secretory peaks. Plasma cortisol showed a normal diurnal rhythm. Blood glucose fluctuated as expected, but the variations and especially the falls in blood glucose to non-hypoglycaemic levels were not followed by increases in plasma hormone concentrations. No relationship could be demonstrated between the changes in the plasma concentration of prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Lack of effect of prolactin inhibition by alpha-bromoergocriptine (CB 154) on plasma aldosterone in anephric and non-nephrectomized patients on regular haemodialysis.

To investigate whether a direct influence exists between the prolactin suppressive effect of alpha-bromoergocriptine (CB 154) and the aldosterone response to a potassium stimulation, the present study was performed in 7 anephric patients and in 7 non-nephrectomized patients, all on regular haemodialysis. The increase in the plasma potassium concentration between dialysis was used as a stimulus to the adrenals, and was correlated to the increase in the plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC). Plasma samples were obtained during a control period and during a corresponding period of treatment with bromocriptine. Despite a significant fall in the prolactin levels during the bromocriptine treatment, no differences in the aldosterone response to the increasing potassium concentration in the two periods were found neither in the anephric nor in the non-nephrectomized patients. It is concluded that depression of prolactin levels by the dopamine agonist (bromocriptine) has no influence on the ability of the adrenals to react with an increase in aldosterone secretion following potassium stimulation in dialysis patients with and without preserved renin-angiotensin system.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of the specificity of a luteinizing hormone beta and alpha subunit assay.

A non-specific antihuman FSH antiserum which is able to bind 125I-labelled FSH, LH, LHbeta and LHalpha subunits, has been shown to contain at least three different antibody populations directed against different parts of the LH and FSH molecule. This antiserum has been used to develop a rather specific radio-immunoassay for determination of the common alpha subunit. Further, by gel filtration it is shown that the LH IRC2/69 preparation contains about 30% of intact LH and about 10% of alpha and LHbeta subunit, respectively. In contrast, the LH 68/40 preparation contains about 96% of intact LH and only small amounts of alpha and LHbeta subunit. Also, a considerable difference in the content of the alpha sub-unit was found between two different FSH preparations. The contamination of the preparations of the intact hormones is shown to have a marked influence on the cross-reactivity of the substances in an LHbeta and alpha subunit radioimmuno-assay.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1976

Effect of epidural analgesia on the glycoregulatory endocrine response to surgery.

Plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin were measured repeatedly in ten females undergoing abdominal hysterectomy during general anaesthesia. In addition to general anaesthesia five of the patients had continuous epidural analgesia effective for the first 26 postoperative hours. Plasma glucose was elevated during surgery and postoperatively, but not in patients having epidural analgesia. Insulin was low and unchanged in both groups. Glucagon was unchanged and similar in both groups. Cortisol was lower during surgery in the epidural group, but not postoperatively. Growth hormone increased during surgery in four of five patients receiving general anaesthesia alone, but no changes were observed in the epidural group. Prolactin was greatly elevated in all patients immediately after induction of anaesthesia and then fell rapidly during surgery, similarly in both groups. It is concluded that epidural analgesia can inhibit the hyperglycaemic response to surgical stress, but this effect cannot be uniformly correlated to changes in peripheral plasma levels of insulin, glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone or prolactin.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of circulating glycoprotein hormones and their subunits in patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung and uraemic patients on chronic dialysis.

It has recently been suggested that the measurement of the glycoprotein hormones and their subunits in human serum may serve as biochemical markers of non-endocrine tumours. Using radioimmunoassays for LH, FSH, HCGbeta-, LHbeta- and the common alpha-subunit, significant differences in the levels of these substances could not be detected between patients with oat cell lung tumours and patients with chronic renal failure. However, compared to normal subjects the alpha-subunit levels in serum were elevated in 12% of the male and 30% of the female patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lund and in 80 and 50% of the male and female patients, respectively, with chronic renal failure. The LHbeta-subunit concentration was normal in all tumour patients and none of these patients had detectable (less than 4 ng/ml) levels of HCGbeta-subunit. While such measurements may be of value in relationship to particular neoplasms, it appears that raised levels of glycoproteins and their subunits may be found in other disease states.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Immunoreactive alpha- and beta-subunits of luteinizing hormone in human peripheral blood and follicular fluid throughout the menstrual cycle, and their effect on the secretion rate of progesterone by human granulosa cells in tissue culture.

The concentration of the common alpha-subunit of the glycoprotein hormones and of the beta-subunit of luteinizing hormone (LHbeta) in peripheral blood and follicular fluid was measured throughout the menstrual cycle, and the effects of these subunits, either alone or in combination, on the production of progesterone by human granulosa cells in tissue culture were investigated. Changes in the serum concentration of alpha-subunit and immunoreactive 'LHbeta-like' material throughout the menstrual cycle were similar to those of LH. The concentrations of the subunits before the mid-cycle gonadotrophin peak were not significantly different from those during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Gel filtration of a pooled serum sample obtained at mid-cycle confirmed the presence of immunoreactive alpha-subunit together with intact LH; however, because of the cross-reactivity of LH in the LHbeta assay a distinct peak of LHbeta-subunit could not be demonstrated. In follicular fluid, alpha-subunit was detectable in large follicles (greater than or equal to 8 mm) throughout the menstrual cycle at concentrations similar to those found in serum. By contrast alpha-subunit in small follicles (less than 8mm) and 'LHbeta-like' material in all follicles were only detectable during or just after peak concentrations in peripheral plasma. The LH subunits did not increase the rate of progesterone secretion by human granulosa cells when each was added alone, even at concentrations five times higher than those in plasma. However, when both subunits were added simultaneously there was an increased rate of progesterone secretion comparable to that achieved with intact LH. It is concluded that the common alpha-subunit circulates in blood independently of the intact hormones, and that it is present in a proportion of developine Graafian follicles without affecting either the viability or biosynthetic potential of their granulosa cells. During the late follicular phase however, when both the alpha- and LHbeta-like subunits are present in follicular fluid, they may recombine and enhance steroid production by granulosa cells which are undergoing luteinization at this time.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The gonadotropic hormones and their subunits in human maternal and fetal circulation at delivery.

The blood levels of HCG, LH, their alpha and beta subunits, and FSH were measured by double-antibody radioimmunoassays in 20 normal pregnanat women and in matched fetal cord arterial and venous samples at term. High levels of HCG, alpha subunit, and HCGbeta subunit, with low levels of LHbeta and FSH, were detected in maternal sera. In the fetal circulation the major detectable components were alpha subunits and presumably HCG. There was no significant arteriovenous difference in any of the hormones in the fetal circulation and no correlation between levels of hormones in maternal and fetal circulation. Column chromatography of sera confirmed that alpha subunits were present independent of intact hormones in both maternal and fetal sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Changes in circulating levels of LH, FSH, LHbeta- and alpha-subunit after gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and of TSH, LHbeta- and alpha-subunit after thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

The effect of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (LRH) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on the blood levels of LH, FSH and TSH, and LHbeta- and alpha-subunit have been studied in 4 normal subjects during the first 20 min after administration of these releasing hormones. Increases in serum immunoreactive LH, LHbeta and alpha-subunit were seen in all subjects after LRH (100 mug iv) but in all subjects the rise in LH was preceded by a rise in alpha-subunit. All subjects showed an increase in TSH and 3 of the 4 subjects a rise in alpha-subunit after TRH (200 mug) but the alpha-subunit responses were smaller and less consistent than after LRH. Levels of LHbeta remained unchanged after TRH. The results demonstrate that the immunoreactive alpha-subunit of the pituitary glycoprotein hormones can be released independently of the intact hormones and that release occurs in response to the same releasing hormones, LRH and TRH, that release the intact hormones.

Adult↗