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Biomedical subjects

C Green

Publications and source records attributed to C Green.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Isotretinoin and serum lipids: studies on fatty acid, apolipoprotein and intermediary metabolism.

Thirteen patients with severe acne were treated for 16 weeks with 1.0 mg/kg/day isotretinoin. There were significant increases in serum cholesterol (P less than 0.02), triglycerides (P less than 0.02) and apolipoprotein B (P less than 0.02). No changes were found in serum apolipoprotein A-1, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), carnitine, lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, alanine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, glucose or insulin. We therefore found no evidence that the hyperlipidaemia of isotretinoin therapy is due to increased fluxes of NEFA from adipose tissue to the liver, although we cannot exclude the possibility that there are changes in the proportion of NEFA being esterified to triglyceride or undergoing beta-oxidation. We suggest that the hyperlipidaemia induced by isotretinoin may be due to an increase in circulating lipoprotein from increased production or impaired catabolism.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1987

Another look at career choice and learning preferences.

The learning styles and preferences of health professionals have been studied increasingly over the past decade, yet few relationships have been found between doctors' career choices and learning styles. One of the problems of relating learning styles to specialty choice is that learning style instruments measure how an individual perceives and processes information in learning situations. This study re-examines doctors' career choices utilizing a learning preference inventory which assesses how one chooses to approach a learning situation. The study results indicate that there are significant differences in doctors' approaches to learning and interacting with others among the different career specialties using a learning preference inventory. This is in contrast to previous research with Kolb's Learning Style Inventory in which learning style was not found to be related to career choice.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1987

Swa: a subdivision.

For some time, anomalous serological reactions have been observed when the same anti-Swa sera are tested against red cells from different individuals reported as Sw(a+). A comparative collaborative study using the same collection of Sw(a+) cells and anti-Swa sera was undertaken by 4 reference laboratories, and it was found that Swa represents a heterogeneous group of antigens that can be subdivided into two categories. Both categories, Sw(a+) 700:41 and Sw(a+) 700:-41, were shown to be inherited.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1987

Refining personality assessments by combining MCMI high-point profiles and MMPI codes, Part V: MMPI code 78/87.

The present investigation shows that the addition of Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) high-point code data to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 78/87 code type may be used to clarify contradictory MMPI descriptors and produces three distinct clusters. These MMPI/MCMI clusters were designated as an interpersonally acting-in group, an emotionally acting-out group, and an emotionally acting-in group. In addition to the identification and elaboration of these three subgroups, we outline several clinical uses of this objective test battery approach. The results of this study support the efficacy of combining two objective assessment inventories for the purpose of multiaxial diagnosis as prescribed by the DSM-III.

Acting Out↗
PubMed1987

Single nephron function of the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula, and the effects of adrenaline.

Function of the kidney and the nephron in the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula, was investigated by clearance, renal tubular micropuncture and ferrocyanide infusion techniques. 70% of the glomerular filtrate was reabsorbed within the renal tubule, producing slightly hypotonic urine. Glomeruli were: perfused and filtering (F); arterially perfused but not filtering (NF); or non-arterially perfused and hence not filtering (NP). Adrenaline reduced the proportion of filtering glomeruli from 94% to 70%. Despite this reduction, a marked overall glomerular diuresis occurred. Single nephron glomerular filtration rates (SNGFRs) ranged from 1.5 to 26 nl min-1 with a mean rate of 9.5 nl min-1 during control periods. Adrenaline elevated SNGFR to a mean value of 22.9 nl min-1 (range 2.4-64.6 nl min-1). Tubular fluid/plasma inulin concentration ratios (TF/Pin) indicated reabsorption of around 74% of the glomerular filtrate by the proximal segments. Comparison of TF/P and urine/plasma inulin concentrations (U/Pin) strongly suggests tubular secretion of water beyond the point of puncture. Adrenaline infusion appears to increase both proximal water reabsorption and distal tubular secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression by the FRTL-5 rat thyroid cell line.

We have used the continuously growing FRTL-5 rat thyroid cell line to examine the regulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (or Ia) antigen expression. Of the various stimuli investigated, only the supernatant from activated T cells or recombinant gamma-interferon induced Ia expression. All Ia-inducing activity was removed from the T cell supernatant by acid dialysis, suggesting that gamma-interferon is the single critical mediator for class II antigen expression. Its action was not TSH dependent but expression of class II antigens increased from the G0-G1 to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, so that TSH enhanced Ia expression by its action on cell division. Other agents including lectins, hormones, epidermal growth factor, a calcium ionophore and a phorbol ester did not induce Ia expression. Substances known to inhibit murine macrophage Ia expression (cortisol, prostaglandin E2 and 5-hydroxytryptamine) had no effect on FRTL-5 Ia expression. The use of this thyroid cell line has permitted direct examination of modulators in the absence of any possible effects from contaminating non-thyroid cells present in primary cultures and the results suggest that, of the agents tested, only gamma-interferon has significance in the context of Ia antigen expression by the thyroid.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Lipid peroxidation in the cortex and medulla of rabbit kidneys subjected to cold ischaemia and the value of protective agents.

The storage of rabbit kidneys for 24 hr at 0 degrees C in isotonic saline resulted in significantly increased rates of lipid peroxidation, as measured by the formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive material and Schiff bases during in vitro incubation of homogenates prepared from the cortex and medulla. In addition, the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive material in the medulla was also significantly elevated as a result of cold storage for 24 hr. The effects of antioxidants (vitamin E), iron-chelation (desferrioxamine) and inhibitors of arachidonic acid oxidation (indomethacin and dazmegrel) on the rate of lipid peroxidation in homogenates prepared from ischaemic kidneys were studied. This demonstrated that lipid peroxidation in the cortex was predominantly non-specific and iron-catalysed whereas in the medulla approximately 50% of the TBA-reactive material was formed enzymically from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Interaction of kanamycin A and kanamycin B with phospholipids.

It has been suggested that the aminoglycoside drugs are ototoxic because they contain amine groups that interact with membrane phospholipids. The interaction of kanamycin A and kanamycin B with vesicles containing various phospholipids was assessed from studies of vesicle aggregation and of the fluorescence of the probes 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) added to the system. Kanamycin B, with 5 amino groups, showed a stronger interaction with the acidic phospholipids than kanamycin A, with only 4 amino groups. The evidence indicated that the interaction was an ionic one involving the charged groups of both components with penetration of the hydrocarbon interior of the bilayers. Of all the phospholipids tested polyphosphoinositide showed the greatest ability to interact with the kanamycins, supporting the proposal that interaction with this phospholipid may be the basis of the ototoxicity of aminoglycosides.

Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates↗
PubMed1987

The effect of endotoxin on peripheral blood lymphocytes in the rat.

We have studied the effects on peripheral blood lymphocytes of the administration to rats of a single dose of endotoxin. Lymphopenia occurred during the first hour, and persisted during 24 hours. Lymphocyte subpopulations were examined by flow cytometry. T-lymphocytes were relatively resistant to the initial effects of endotoxin, but there were no differences in the responses of cells identified as T-helper or T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes. The effects of endotoxin on peripheral blood lymphocytes is less extreme but appears more persistent than the effects on granulocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Enteral feeding: a survey to investigate current practices and attitudes of dietitians.

A survey was conducted to investigate current practices and attitudes of dietitians towards enteral feeding, and to elicit the major changes and advancements which have occurred over the past few years. The results of a questionnaire sent to 215 dietitians in England and Wales, and correctly completed by 74 per cent are reported and discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1987

Circulating T-cell populations during mercuric chloride-induced nephritis in the Brown Norway rat.

Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis was used to study the peripheral lymphocyte populations during mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced autoimmune nephritis in the Brown Norway (BN) rat. Sequential studies showed a transient loss of T cells from peripheral blood attributable to decreases in the percentage of T-helper cells. In addition, there was a decrease in the percentage of T-cytotoxic/suppressor cells prior to the appearance of circulating anti-GBM antibodies, followed by elevated levels of T-suppressor cells during down-regulation of the response. This method may allow closer inspection of the events linking changes in T-cell populations and induction and termination of an autoimmune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The binding of polyamines to phospholipid bilayers.

Previous studies have shown that amine groups are ototoxic. The interaction between different polyamines and phospholipid vesicles was studied using vesicle aggregation and fluorescence techniques (DPH and ANS as the fluorescence probes). The results showed that the interaction between polyamines (spermine, spermidine and 1,3-diaminopropane) and acidic phospholipids (PS, PE, PI and PIP2) is an ionic one. The polyamine with the highest positive charges and the phospholipid with the highest content of negative groups showed the strongest ionic interaction. There was no indication of any hydrophobic interaction within the phospholipid bilayer. The strong interaction between amine groups and PIP2 support the proposal that the latter is crucially involved in aminoglycoside toxicity in the inner ear and kidney.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1986

The effect of a novel thromboxane synthetase inhibitor dazmegrel (UK38485) on random pattern skin flaps in the rat.

In the light of work (Emerson and Sykes, 1981) suggesting a protective effect of prostacyclin on the random pattern dorsal skin flap of the rat, the ability of dazmegrel, a novel thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, to protect against ischaemic necrosis in similar flaps has been assessed. No such protective effect could be demonstrated and a possible explanation of the earlier observations is offered.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The Webb (Wb) antigen in South Wales donors.

Eight Webb antigen Wb+ propositi, 2 in the same family, were found in testing 10,117 random blood donors in South Wales with anti-Wb serum. Family studies on the new propositi confirmed the Wb antigen to be inherited as an autosomal dominant character. Wb segregated independently from ABO, Rh, MNSs, K, Fy, Jk, and was not X- or Y-borne; for the first time Wb was shown to be independent of Lu. Wb antigen was destroyed by some proteolytic enzymes and by neuraminidase. Sera from 5,144 random donors were screened with Wb+ cells resulting in detection of 2 additional anti-Wb.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1986

Refining personality assessments by combining MCMI high-point profiles and MMPI codes, Part IV: MMPI 89/98.

This study shows that the addition of MCMI high-point code data to the MMPI 89/98 code type serves to resolve contradictory MMPI descriptors and produces three distinct clusters. These clusters include an interpersonally acting-out group, an interpersonally grandiose group, and an emotionally acting-out group. The results of this study lend further support to the efficacy of combining two objective assessment inventories for the purposes of multiaxial diagnosis as prescribed by the DSM-III.

Female↗