Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Gisselbrecht

Publications and source records attributed to C Gisselbrecht.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Role of chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma].

In spite of the progress achieved in endoscopic detection and surgical techniques, the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinomas remains poor. To improve the results obtained, one of the most important lines of research is chemotherapy, but its place in the management of these tumours is still controverted. Apart from 5-fluorouracil, other active drugs recently developed (e.g. adriamycin, mitomycin, nitroso-ureas and cis-platinum) have been entered into new protocols and tested. The results at present available in patients with metastases are 40 to 50% complete or partial objective responses lasting for 4 to 16 months. They justify the use of these drugs, provided the patients' comfort is improved after the first two cycles. The place of adjuvant chemotherapy after complete surgical resection of gastric adenocarcinomas is still debated. Only 3 out of 13 randomized trials have demonstrated a longer survival in the treated group. Further controlled trials are required, using the most effective protocols, to determine their advantages and to find out which subgroups of patients are likely to benefit from chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Malignant lymphoma of the testis].

The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the testis is in the order of 1.8% in adults. Ten cases of lymphomas histologically proven after orchidectomy are reported: 5 were diffuse large cell, 4 immunoblastic and 1 diffuse small cell lymphomas. Mean age was 56 years. Five patients had stage IE or IIE and 5 stage IV disease after staging. Seven patients had received chemotherapy followed by subdiaphragmatic irradiation and 2 with localized lymphoma were treated by radiotherapy alone after orchidectomy. Four patients in remission relapsed after 6 to 24 months. Central nervous system involvement during the course of the disease was observed in 5 cases. Five patients are still alive in remission after an 18 to 80 months follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Role of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer of the testis in adults].

Owing to its considerable effectiveness, modern multiple chemotherapy ranks first in the treatment of non-seminoma metastatic tumours of the testis. Its side-effects in short-term treatment are recognized and acceptable in view of the results obtained, but they remain imperfectly known in long-term treatments. Fort this reason, the present tendency in clinical stage I non-seminoma tumours is to reserve chemotherapy for patients who relapsed after orchidectomy. Advanced seminomas with or without high levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin (subunit beta) already benefit from chemotherapy, and this treatment is likely to be extended to less disseminated forms of cancer. Pure or predominant choriocarcinomas still respond poorly to the cytotoxic drugs at present available.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Phase I study of bisantrene in acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.

A phase I study of bisantrene using a daily injection for 5 days was undertaken in adult patients with relapsing acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Seventeen patients received 27 courses, with daily doses ranging from 75 to 250 mg/m2. Although gastrointestinal toxicity and alopecia were rare, hematological toxicity occurred in 85% of the patients. There was cholestasis unrelated to infectious events in 27% of the courses, as well as reversible renal failure in eight of 27 evaluable courses. Responses (complete + partial) were obtained in 35% +/- 10% of the patients. The recommended dose for phase II study is 200 mg/m2/day X 7.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1985

[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising in a case of Waldmann's intestinal lymphangiectasis].

A case of high grade malignant lymphoma in a young woman with congenital disseminated lymphangiectasis, exudative enteropathy and immunodeficiency is reported. Lymphoid malignancies occur with a high frequency in the course of this rare disease, possibly as a consequence of immunodeficiency. In this case, a selective defect of the OKT4+ peripheral blood lymphocyte subset has been shown. The relationships between congenital lymphangiectasis, immunodeficiency and malignant lymphoma are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Combined modality in Hodgkin's disease. Comparison of six versus three courses of MOPP with clinical and surgical restaging.

Between 1972 and 1979, 121 patients with Hodgkin's disease (clinical Stages IInA, IB, IIB, and III) were treated by two different, successive, therapeutic protocols. The first group received six MOPP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) cycles before radiotherapy, whereas the second group received only three MOPP cycles before irradiation. A total of 118 patients underwent surgical restaging with splenectomy before irradiation. Clinical criteria used in defining complete remission were verified by surgical restaging. Three MOPPs were just as effective as six MOPPs when combined with radiotherapy in achieving complete remission and in treating occult splenic disease. Following extended-field irradiation, complete remission rates were 96% for three MOPPs versus 94% for six MOPPs. The actuarial survival rates, 4 years after therapy completion, were 89% for three MOPPs and 94% for six MOPPs, with a relapse-free survival rate of 88% and 96.6%, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Clinical and immunological study of non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphomas (cutaneous and lymphoblastic lymphomas excluded).

We present here the immunologic, morphologic and clinical features of 16 T-derived adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) (lymphoblastic and cutaneous lymphomas being excluded) observed in an unselected series of 260 NHL. Malignant cells bore T cell antigens (16 cases) but formed E rosettes in 14 cases only. In nine cases studied with monoclonal antibodies to T cell antigenic subsets, the phenotype of malignant cells was homogeneous; in seven cases the cells had a clear-cut helper or suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype; in one case cells had a cortical thymocyte phenotype. No T-cell subset antigens were detected on malignant cells from the last patient. Prominent morphologic features were a striking variation in tumour cell sizes, vascular proliferation and admixture of a large number of macrophages; most often, those lymphomas with a diffuse growth pattern could not be easily assigned to a given NHL subtype. The course of the disease was aggressive in most patients, only four having experienced a sustained complete remission. Waldeyer's ring involvement, waxing and waning nodes, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia and skin infiltrates may be distinctive clinical features in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Therapeutic indications in digestive localizations of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in adults].

One third of all extranodal sites of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are localized to the digestive tract. Forty-six cases with digestive tract localization were studied, of which 15 were localized forms. Histologically, 70 p. cent were diffuse lymphomas with poor prognosis. The present survival rate for localized forms following chemotherapy is 77 p. cent, which plateaux at two years, as compared to 34 p. cent for disseminated forms. Treatment of digestive tract localizations should be similar to that of nodal forms with the same histology. With the development of intensive chemotherapeutic regimens over the last few years, the cure rate is hoped to attain 65 p. cent in disseminated forms, and 87 p. cent in localized forms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Fluorouracil (F), Adriamycin (A), and cisplatin (P) (FAP): combination chemotherapy of advanced esophageal carcinoma.

Twenty-one patients with advanced epidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus were treated with a combination of 5-fluorouracil (F) 600 mg/m2 day 1 and day 8; Adriamycin (A) 30 mg/m2 day 1; and cisplatin (P) 75 mg/m2 day 1 (FAP) with hydration and mannitol-induced diuresis. Each course was repeated every 4 weeks. All 21 patients are evaluable for response: 7 patients had an objective response (33%). Two of these responses were complete remissions according to negative endoscopic and pathologic results; five patients had a partial response; all 7 responding patients had metastasis prior to treatment. Median survival of the 21 patients was 8 months. Median survival of 9 months for responders is superior to 4.5 months for nonresponders. No severe myelosuppression or nephrotoxicity was observed. This FAP regimen is useful in the treatment of advanced esophageal tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effect of sequential addition of the nitrosourea, chlorozotocin, to the FAM combination in advanced gastric cancer.

Twenty-three patients with advanced measurable gastric cancer were treated with FAM-chlorozotocin in an attempt to demonstrate improvement in rate and duration of response over FAM (5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin and mitomycin C). Six (26%) partial responses were recorded with a median duration of two months. FAM-chlorozotocin was well tolerated with moderate myelosuppression as the major dose-limiting toxicity; the leukocyte nadir was 3.0 X 10(3)/mm3 (range, 0.9-6.0) and the platelet nadir was 100 X 10(3)/mm3 (range, 45-100). The authors were unable to find significant differences in prognostic factors such as performance status, sites of metastatic disease, intensity of therapy to account for the discrepancy in response rates between FAM (42%) and FAM-chlorozotocin (26%).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Neuromeningeal localizations in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in adults].

A total of 483 adult patients with non-leukemic non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) were reviewed for neuromeningeal (NM) involvement. NM involvement was found in 20 patients (4,1%). Presenting complaints were mainly headache (9 cases) or diplopia (8 cases). Cranial nerve palsies were frequent (12 cases). CSF examination was abnormal in 76% of the patients and was the most reliable diagnostic procedure, but abnormal cells were found in only 50% of the cases. The pattern of the lymphoid proliferation was diffuse in 90% of the cases. The most frequent histological subtypes of NHL were diffuse histiocytic (10 cases) and diffuse lymphocytic poorly differentiated (6 cases). In 65% of the cases, the lymphoma was initially disseminated. NM involvement was inaugural in 20% of the cases and was the only site of proliferation in 35% of the cases. Median survival after the NM localization was only 3 months. Long remissions were achieved in 3 patients with isolated NM involvement. These results are compared to previously published data. The indications of CNS prophylaxis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of advanced epidermoid carcinoma of the oesophagus with combined 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cis-platinum (FAP)].

Twenty-one patients with advanced, inoperable epidermoid carcinoma of the oesophagus were treated with combined 5-fluorouracil (F, 600 mg/m2, days 1 and 8), adriamycin (A, 30 mg/m2, day 1) and cis-platinum (C, 75 mg/m2, day 1), together with hydratation and mannitol-induced diuresis. Each course was repeated after 4 weeks. Response could be assessed in all 21 patients and was objective in seven (33%), who had metastasis prior to treatment. Two of these 7 patients went into complete remission confirmed by negative endoscopy and pathology; 5 showed partial response. Median survival of the 21 patients was 8 months; it fell to 4.5 months in non-responders and rose over 9 months in responders. Three patients survived for more than 16 months. No severe bone marrow depression or nephrotoxicity was observed. The 3-drug combination appeared to be more effective than the additive effects of each drug given separately. It is concluded that the FAP regimen is useful in the treatment of advanced oesophageal tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Mediastinal lymphomas in adults. A clinical and histological study of 30 cases (author's transl)].

The case-reports of 30 patients (16 men and 14 women) with non-Hodgkin lymphoma revealed by a mediastinal mass are reviewed. The tumour was apparently localized (stages I and II) in 63% of the cases, and was associated with pleural effusion in 50%. Two histological types were identified: diffuse lymphoblastic lymphoma and diffuse large cell lymphoma, including 10 cases where the large cells had irregular nucleus and clear cytoplasma and were accompanied by fibrosis. Lymphoblastic lymphomas differed from large cell lymphomas in that they were more common in men and had greater tendency to dissemination, particularly in the meninges and bone marrow. The median survival time was 15 months, but a longer survival could be obtained in patients in complete remission. There was no difference in prognosis between localized and disseminated lymphomas. Radiotherapy of the mediastinum had no effect on survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia in cancer patients by scalp hypothermia (author's transl)].

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia observed in cancer patients can now be prevented by a simple, effective, inexpensive and well tolerated procedure: scalp hypothermia. Refrigeration is obtained by placing on the scalp two bags filled with crushed ice 15 minutes before, and removing them 15 minutes after intravenous injection of antineoplastic drugs. Only patients treated with drug combinations that are rapidly administered (into the giving-set tube or by i.v. infusion lasting less than 60 minutes) seem to benefit from scalp hypothermia. The fact that good results were obtained with those drugs (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, vincristine) and modes of administration that are most commonly used in women with breast cancer or ovarian cancer makes this procedure extremely interesting.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1982

Chemotherapy of carcinomas of the digestive tract.

Adjuvant chemotherapy trials in gastric and colorectal carcinomas are reviewed and no clear benefit from such treatment could be observed. To improve existing chemotherapy regimens, several pilot studies were performed in 95 gastric cancer and 85 colorectal carcinomas patients. Response rate for gastric carcinomas using the mitomycin C plus adriamycin plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (FAM) regimen was 40% and was not improved by the addition of nitrosoureas. In colorectal carcinomas none of the combinations used gave better results than 5-FU alone. Fourteen patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated with combination CDDP and the response rate was as high as 50%.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

Effect of combination chemotherapy, duration of methotrexate administration, and patient's age on methotrexate pharmacokinetics.

The kinetics of methotrexate were studied in a group of 59 patients after infusion of high doses. From the triexponential analysis of the serum concentration curve, rate constants and relative concentrations in non-circulating pools were calculated, using a linear 'mammillary' three-compartment model. No significant variation as a function of dose (300-6,000 mg/m2) was observed. In circumstances the rapidly exchanging pool was a reflection of the circulating pool, suggesting that it is an extravascular, protein-bound pool of methotrexate. Considerable variations of the relative concentration and rate constants of the slowly exchanging pool were observed to be a function of the duration of methotrexate infusion, the presence of other drugs, and the patient's age. If this compartment is assumed to include the target cells for methotrexate, then the large variations observed could be responsible for individual differences in toxicity and/or effectiveness.

Acute Disease↗