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Biomedical subjects

C Gillberg

Publications and source records attributed to C Gillberg.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Chromosome abnormalities in infantile autism and other childhood psychoses: a population study of 66 cases.

Sixty-six psychotic children aged between two and 20 years, examined by the same child psychiatrist and diagnosed according to strict criteria as suffering from infantile autism, other psychoses and Asperger's syndrome, were examined with chromosomal cultures in folic-acid deficient medium. 47 per cent of the children showed major or minor chromosomal aberrations. The infantile autistic group comprised a total population of autistic children. The fra(X)(q27) marker was seen in 25 per cent of autistic boys. A subgroup of children with the fra(X)(q27) abnormality, infantile autism, psychomotor epilepsy and brainstem dysfunction was identified. Other chromosome markers and abnormalities occurring in several cases included long Y chromosomes, fra(X)(p22), fra(16)(q23) and fra(6)(q26). The results are discussed and correlated with certain clinical characteristics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Childhood psychosis and neurofibromatosis--more than a coincidence?

Three children with both childhood psychosis and neurofibromatosis are reported from a total population screening of psychotic disorder in childhood that had produced 51 cases born in the years 1962-1976 in the Göteborg region, Sweden. The findings suggest that the simultaneous occurrence of neurofibromatosis and childhood psychosis might be more than a coincidence. Underlying monoaminergic dysfunction is postulated as one possible reason for the finding.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1984

The sex chromosomes--one key to autism? An XYY case of infantile autism.

Genetic/chromosomal factors have recently been proposed as being of importance in many children presenting with the behavioral syndrome of infantile autism. There are several single case studies in the literature of childhood psychosis in connection with the XYY syndrome. A further case of this combination is described. It is suggested that the sex chromosomes may be of major importance in the genesis of some cases of autism.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1984

Childhood psychosis in a case of Moebius syndrome.

A case of a five-year-old boy with Moebius syndrome, mild-moderate mental retardation and childhood psychosis (possibly infantile autism) is described. This is probably the first case ever of concomitant Moebius syndrome and childhood psychosis to be reported. Brainstem dysfunction is proposed as a common denominator in the neurologic and psychiatric syndrome.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1984

Handedness in Swedish 10-year-olds. Some background and associated factors.

Forty-five left-handed and 46 right-handed 10-year-old children were subjected to a limited set of neurological tests and a square tracing task. 'Pathological' handedness was diagnosed in cases showing poor performance with the non-preferred hand on the squares task. The frequency of left-handedness in the population was estimated at 9.2%. The boy : girl ratio was 1.6:1. 'Pathological' handedness was twice as common among left-handers as among right-handers. Neurological dysfunction was more common in 'pathological' handers, especially left-handers. Reduced pre-. peri- and neonatal optimality was seen in boys with 'pathological handedness'. School achievement problems and behaviour problems were much more common in left-handed boys than in other study groups. The results lend partial support for the extended pathological left-handedness model recently hypothesized by Bishop, but it is suggested that left-handedness in boys is more often a symptom of pathological shift of handedness than is left-handedness in girls.

Achievement↗
PubMed1984

Infantile autism and other childhood psychoses in a Swedish urban region. Epidemiological aspects.

A total population screening of children born during 1962-1976 and living in the Gothenburg region at the end of 1980 was carried out in order to obtain prevalence figures for infantile autism and other childhood psychoses. It was found that the prevalence figure for infantile autism was 2.0 per 10,000 and for other childhood psychoses 1.9 per 10,000. Boys were much more often affected by infantile autism than girls. In the case of other psychoses, no such over-representation was seen. A majority of the children were mentally retarded, and only 4% had tested IQs exceeding 100. The results are in good agreement with the three earlier epidemiological studies concerned with childhood psychosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Childhood psychosis and computed tomographic brain scan findings.

Twenty-seven infantile autistic children, nine children with other kinds of childhood psychoses, 23 children with mental retardation, and 16 normal children were examined with computerized tomography of the brain. Gross abnormalities were seen in 26% of the autism cases. It was also estimated that about the same proportion of a total population of infantile autistic children show gross changes of CT brain scan. Abnormalities in the region of the frontal horns of the ventricular system tended to be more common in the psychosis groups than in the normal group. Clear-cut right occipital protuberation was rather common in the small group of other psychoses cases but was only marginally more common in the autism than in the normal group. Evans' ratio was significantly higher in all three abnormal groups than in the normal group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Childhood psychosis and monoamine metabolites in spinal fluid.

Determination of monoamine metabolites was accomplished in the spinal fluid of 22 psychotic children and in 22 sex- and almost-age-matched "normal" controls. Also, specimens from groups of mentally retarded children and children with progressive encephalopathy or meningitis were used for comparison. The psychotic children showed raised levels of homovanillic acid. Thirteen children diagnosed as autistic by Rutter's criteria showed isolated increase of this metabolite. In the group of 9 children with other psychoses, both the level of homovanillic acid and that of 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid was raised. The comparison with the group of "simply" mentally retarded children and results within the psychotic group revealed that the increased concentration of monoamines was not attributable to mental retardation per se.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Infantile autism: a total population study of reduced optimality in the pre-, peri-, and neonatal period.

Twenty-five autistic children, constituting a total population sample of children with infantile autism, were compared with 25 sex- and maternity-clinic-matched controls for occurrence of reduced optimality in the pre-, peri, and neonatal period, as noted in medical records. Autistic children showed greatly increased scores for reduced optimality, especially with regard to prenatal factors. The findings are at odds with early reports that children with autism had not suffered potential brain injury. The reasons for the discrepancy are discussed.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1983

Auditory brainstem responses in childhood psychosis.

Auditory brainstem responses were compared in 24 autistic children, 7 children with other childhood psychoses, and 31 normal children. One-third of the autistic children showed abnormal ABR indicative of brainstem dysfunction and correlating with muscular hypotonia and severe language impairment. The children with other psychoses and the normal children showed normal results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Autistic children's hand preferences: results from an epidemiological study of infantile autism.

Twenty-six autistic children, constituting a total population sample of children diagnosed in accordance with Rutter's criteria as suffering from infantile autism, were assessed with regard to handedness and certain associated factors. They were compared with 52 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched controls. Sixty-two percent of the autistic children were non-right-handed compared with 37% of the controls. Left-handedness in autism was associated with an abundance of delayed echolalia. Heredity for left-handedness in some cases, and assumed brain damage and immature patterns of lateralization in others, were considered the cause of non-right-handedness in the autistic children. Computed tomographic (CT) brain scans and other neurobiological examinations did not provide evidence indicating clear-cut unilateral left hemisphere dysfunction in autism. Rather, a slight trend in the opposite direction (i.e., an association with right hemisphere dysfunction) was seen in the left-handed autistic children. The result points toward the need for further studies of handedness in autism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Mental retardation in Swedish urban children: some epidemiological considerations.

The total population of children born in 1971 and living in Gothenburg, Sweden, by the end of 1977 was screened in order to estimate prevalence figures for various neurodevelopmental disorders. Ninety-four percent of all children assessed attended public preschools. Questionnaires aimed at detecting perceptual, conceptual, motor, and attentional deficits were completed by preschool teachers for 72% of children in these schools. Samples of children with and without problems on the questionnaire were given neuropsychiatric examinations. National registers were searched to identify mentally retarded children not in public preschools. The total population frequency figure for unequivocal mental retardation was almost 1% with an additional 1% of the total population deemed to be of borderline intelligence.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Children born to mentally retarded women: a 1-21 year follow-up study of 41 cases.

Fifteen mentally retarded Swedish women, judged to be a representative sample, gave birth to 41 children. These children were followed up at the age of 1-21 years with regard to registrations in the Social Register, the Board for Provisions and Services to the Mentally Retarded and the files of the Child and Youth Psychiatric Departments. One child had died, and of the remaining 40 85% had or had exhibited severe psychosocial problems according to register data. The implications of the findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗