Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C E Margo

Publications and source records attributed to C E Margo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Giant cell astrocytoma of the retina in tuberous sclerosis.

The clinical and pathologic features of an unusual retinal glioma that was the only clinically overt manifestation of tuberous sclerosis in a 27-year-old woman are reported. The tumor was composed predominantly of large pleomorphic cells with glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunologic staining yielded positive results for gamma enolase, but not for glial fibrillary acid protein. The histologic and immunopathologic features of this tumor were essentially identical to the subependymal giant cell astrocytoma found in tuberous sclerosis. This case illustrates the large overlap in dysplastic astrocytic and neuronal differentiation that can occur in the retina of patients with tuberous sclerosis. Giant cell astrocytoma of the retina can be mistaken for a malignant tumor histologically by persons unfamiliar with this entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the corneoscleral limbus.

A 10-year-old boy had a slowly enlarging left limbal mass, extending into the corneal stroma, but not into the anterior chamber. The lesion was excised by lamellar sclerokeratectomy and subsequently confirmed histopathologically as a juvenile xanthogranuloma. Though rare, juvenile xanthogranuloma of the corneoscleral limbus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of limbal mass lesions extending into the cornea. Total resection is usually curative.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Ophthalmic manifestations of chronic angioedema with necrotizing vasculitis.

Anatomic features unique to periocular tissues alter the clinical appearance of angioedema, making it difficult to distinguish from cellulitis and other inflammatory conditions. Two patients had prominent periocular manifestations of chronic angioedema with necrotizing vasculitis, a systemic disease often associated with multiorgan involvement. The diagnosis was established by exclusion of other inflammatory disorders and confirmed by biopsy. The scarcity of reports in the ophthalmic literature on chronic angioedema of the eyelids may be caused by its underrecognition. The distinction between chronic angioedema and typical angioedema or urticaria is important because of differences in their diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Optic nerve aplasia.

Optic nerve aplasia is a rare congenital defect invariably associated with other ocular or systemic disorders. We examined a 3-year-old girl with monocular microphthalmos who had optic nerve aplasia on histopathologic examination of the eye after enucleation. Magnetic resonance imaging verified the presence of unilateral optic nerve aplasia, and demonstrated hemichiasmal hypoplasia on the affected side and bilateral optic tracts. The visually evoked cortical response revealed increased signals over the occipital cortex ipsilateral to the aplastic nerve, suggesting misdirection of axons from the temporal retina of the normal eye. The visual pathway in unilateral optic nerve aplasia may assume a primitive form of neuronal organization characterized by an increase in contralateral retinogeniculostriate projection.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Lipofuscinosis of the cornea. A clinicopathologic study of three cases.

BACKGROUND: Lipofuscin pigments are the indigestible residue of lysosomal activity usually associated with normal aging. Abnormal amounts of lipofuscin also are associated with certain disease processes. The rarity of lipofuscin in the cornea and the similarities between its staining properties and those of intracellular micro-organisms caused great diagnostic problems in three cases. The correct diagnosis of corneal lipofuscinosis was made after extensive histochemical, autofluorescent, and ultrastructural studies. METHODS: Clinical histories of three patients are correlated with morphologic and histochemical findings on five corneal buttons with lipofuscinosis. RESULTS: The histopathologic features of one cornea with chronic keratitis and three corneas from two patients with bilateral opacities of undetermined origin were mostly similar. Large amounts of lipofuscin pigment were found within macrophages and stromal keratocytes. Other pathologic findings were nonspecific, including phagocytosis of degenerated collagen fibrils, scarring, and neovascularization of the stroma. CONCLUSION: The lipofuscin deposits are probably the consequence of a corneal degenerative process and not its cause, although their pathogenesis remains unclear. Familiarity with the morphologic appearance of corneal lipofuscinosis and its staining and autofluorescent properties is important because the small, 1- to 3-microns deposits may be mistaken for intracellular micro-organisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Microwave-stimulated chemical fixation of whole eyes.

BACKGROUND: Microwave-stimulated chemical fixation has been used successfully to rapidly prepare nonocular tissue for processing and paraffin embedding. METHOD: This same technique was adapted to fix whole eyes using a common domestic microwave oven. Histologic sections were compared with sections from globes that were fixed in a traditional manner. RESULTS: Histologic sections and histochemical and immunohistochemical staining of eyes treated with microwave-stimulated chemical fixation in 10% neutral-buffered formalin were comparable in quality to eyes fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin at room temperature for 48 hours. CONCLUSION: Because microwave irradiation accelerates the most time-consuming part of preparing whole eyes for light microscopy, the technique enhances laboratory efficiency. The technique is particularly well suited for ensuring adequate fixation of globes when histologic diagnosis is needed in less than 48 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Intraepithelial sebaceous carcinoma of the conjunctiva and skin of the eyelid.

The authors report a 65-year-old woman with a 10-year history of conjunctivitis and progressive loss of lashes due to widespread intraepithelial sebaceous carcinoma of the conjunctiva and skin of the eyelid. After surgery, serial sections of the entire conjunctiva and eyelids showed a single focus of invasive carcinoma in the bulbar conjunctiva, which probably arose from the epithelium. The absence of cilia on the affected lower lid was associated with neoplastic obliteration of the cilial orifices and low-grade, smoldering lipogranulomatous inflammation. This type of tumor-related alopecia is likely to masquerade as blepharitis because there is no identifiable tumefaction or clinical evidence of recurrent chalazia to suggest an underlying sebaceous carcinoma. The 10-year history of "conjunctivitis" before diagnosis indicates that intraepithelial sebaceous carcinoma may have a prolonged clinical course.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Chronic idiopathic inflammation of the retropharyngeal space presenting with sequential abducens palsies.

We describe a patient who presented with sequential, bilateral abducens palsies associated with a mass of the nasopharynx. Biopsy of the mass showed chronic non-specific inflammation and fibrosis. The diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory pseudotumor was arrived at by exclusion of other known causes of inflammation of the retropharyngeal space. Magnetic resonance imaging suggested that injury to the sixth cranial nerves probably occurred as they traversed the dura and subarachnoid space overlying the clivus.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1991

Intraocular gentamicin toxicity.

The catastrophic effects of inadvertent intraocular injection of gentamicin can be difficult to distinguish from vascular occlusive disease, particularly ophthalmic artery obstruction. Diffuse vitreous haze and shallow retinal detachment were described by Brown et al in a study of the short-term and long-term effects of a 10-mg dose of intravitreal gentamicin in adult macaque monkeys. An earlier study by Peyman et al demonstrated a vitreal reaction in rabbits with high doses of intravitreal gentamicin. Vitreal haze and shallow retinal detachment appear to be important findings that distinguish gentamicin toxicity from ophthalmic artery occlusion, but, to our knowledge, they have not been described in humans.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Congenital optic tract syndrome.

We describe two patients with complete homonymous hemianopia who were unaware of their visual field defects. The clinical impression of an optic tract syndrome was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, which showed absence of the corresponding tract in each case. The pathogenesis of congenital absence of the optic tract is unclear but it could represent either a primary failure of development or secondary atrophy due to focal injury during the perinatal period.

Adult↗