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Biomedical subjects

C E Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to C E Anderson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of sulphated glycopeptides on kinetics of 3-O-methyl glucose and 2-deoxyglucose transport by epithelial cells isolated from rabbit small intestine.

Suspensions of cells isolated from rabbit small intestine were prepared which showed a considerable rate of respiration after 4 h of their isolation. Rabbit intestinal cells accumulated 3-O-methyl-glucose by an active transport mechanism which was Na+-dependent whereas 2-deoxyglucose was transported by a saturable pathway. Analysis of the initial transport data indicated that the uptake of both sugars by cells followed Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics. These cells also showed a considerable degree of 2-deoxyglucose phosphorylation and the transport of the sugar into the cells appeared to be a rate-limiting factor for its phosphorylation. Sulphated glycopeptide had no effect on the respiration rate of these cells but it increased the transport of 3-O-methyl-glucose and 2-deoxyglucose into cells by many fold compared with untreated cells. Kinetic analysis of the data indicated that the increase in the transport was due to increased V while the Km remained unchanged. Presence of sulphated glycopeptide had no effect on the kinetics of phosphorylation of 2-deoxyglucose. These effects of sulphated glycopeptide on the transport activity of the cells have been discussed as a result of an increase in the number of sugar sites in the cell membrane due to unmasking or activation of preexisting sites owing to the interaction between the cell membrane components and highly polyanionic sulphated glycopeptides.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Heredity in congenital esotropia.

As an approach to the problem of familial tendency for congenital esotropia, four families were selected because of proband (index case) who had congenital esotropia. Available family members were evaluated for strabismus and other anomalies of vision. Several possible risk factors were evaluated and the presence of high accommodative convergence-to-accommodation ratio was remarkable. Increased prevalence of congenital esotropia was found among family members as compared to the general population, but with no consistent pattern of Mendelian (single gene) inheritance. These findings are consistent with but not proof of a multifactorial (polygenic and environmental interaction) model. The implication for practicing optometrists is that families with one member affected with congenital esotropia represent a group with increased risk for recurrence.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1978

The use of viable hepatocytes to study the hormonal control of glycogenolysis in the chicken.

The rapid isolation of high yields of parenchymal cells from chicken liver is described. Stringent tests of viability show that the isolated hepatocytes are both structurally and metabolically similar to those in intact liver. During incubation viability decreased and the significance of this change on the interpretation of metabolic experiments is discussed. Lactate was a much more effective gluconeogenic precursor than pyruvate even in the presence of additional reducing equivalents. Hepatocytes isolated from fed chickens produced glucose from glycogen degradation. Glycogenolysis was stimulated by glucagon, dibutyryl cyclic AMP and adrenaline. Half maximal glucagon effects were elicited by physiological concentrations of the hormone. Glucagon and dibutyryl cyclic AMP stimulated glucagon, dibutyryl cyclic AMP and adrenaline their action was not additive to that of adrenaline.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1978

Congenital central nervous system malformations and vinyl chloride monomer exposure: a community study.

Incidence rates for central nervous system (CNS) malformations in infants born to residents of Kanawha County, West Virginia, 1970-1974, were significantly higher than comparable United States rates during those years. Since Kanawha County contains a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymerization plant, a case-control study was conducted on the possible relationship between the occurrence of CNS defects and parental occupational or residential exposure to vinyl chloride monomer emissions from this plant. No relationship with parental occupation was found. While a tendency was noted for residences of case families to be located in an area northeast of the plant, this observation did not entirely correlate with existing data on local patterns of wind direction and air pollution.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1978

Hereditary considerations in common disorders.

We have reviewed the approach of the modern clinical geneticist to the genetics of common diseases. The importance of considering genetic heterogeneity within these groups of disorders has been emphasized. The physician should recognize our present inability to deliver exact recurrence risks for most families with these common disorders. As our knowledge improves, we must constantly update our counseling. Until then, in most cases, we can only utilize the empirical risk data presently available and provide an idea of the magnitude of risk, which in many of these disorders appears low. However, continued utilization of imprecise risk data must not impede recognition of potential and demonstrated heterogeneity within these disorders, or retard the development of new and improved risk data based on knowledge of the heterogeneity within common diseases.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1978

Patent ductus arteriosus and ventricular septal defect: trends in reported frequency.

Nationwide secular increases in the reported frequency of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) are presented. Detailed examination of data from one locality, Metropolitan Atlanta, indicates that the increases were primarily the result of a rise in the reported frequency of these heart defects in isolated form (i.e., without other malformations). During the latter years of the study more Atlanta babies with isolated PDA were of low birth weight and short gestational age, and more cases were diagnosed in the infants' first week of life. The increase in VSD was not as consistent nor as dramatic as that of PDA. Neither were there any changes over time in the demographic characteristics of Atlanta infants affected by isolated VSD. At least part and perhaps all of the increase in PDA may be explained by an increased awareness on the part of physicians who take care of premature infants. While the increase in reported VSD may be explainable on the basis of awareness or secular shifts in diagnostic standards, the problem seems qualitatively different from that of PDA.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1977

Ether-linked glycerolipids in human brain tumors.

In this investigation, the lipid composition of a number of human brain tumors was determined and compared to that of normal adult brain. Glioblastomas (11 samples), astrocytomas (4 samples), an acoustic neurinoma, an oligodendroglioma, and a meningioma were analyzed. All of the tumors had substantial levels (0.8-3.4% of total phospholipids) of choline plasmalogen which was present in only trace amounts in normal brain. With the exceptions of the acoustic neurinoma and the meningioma, the concentration of alkylacylglycerophosphorylcholine was also higher in the tumors than in normal brain. Neutral lipids of brain tumors also contained high concentrations of both alkyl (1.6-4.8% of total neutral gsults from this investigation indicate that increases in ether-linked glycerolipids may be characteristic of human brain tumors.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1973

A pilot study of medicare patients' experiences and attitudes.

There has been widespread interest in the effect the Medicare law has had on the level of physicians' charges. This subject and other aspects of the present Medicare method of physician reimbursement is currently under study by Congress and the Department of Health, Education and Welfare. A group of Medicare patients recently seen and treated by the author were queried as to their experiences in paying for physicians' services under Medicare. A 64 percent response rate and the substance of the replies to a questionnaire suggests that this is a feasible mechanism for eliciting the attitudes and problems in a group of patients in the Medicare program.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1969

The physician profile system.

The Physician Profile System is currently the most efficient and equitable mechanism of administering the payment to physicians under the usual and customary charge programs. Local peer review must be closely linked with the system to provide the assurance of reasonableness of charges, to resolve differences of opinion, and to scrutinize the utilization of health care resources. In actual practice, the Profile System permits for gradually increasing charges, both for the individual physician and for the medical community. It is equally capable of giving effect to lowered charges which sometimes follow technologic improvements. Usual and customary programs have not proved to be inflationary, and have developed conservative trend patterns which permit realistic prediction of future program costs. Experience has shown that physicians have not abused the usual and customary charge programs. Administrative and peer review devices provide an impressive array of checks and safeguards against abuses in the utilization of benefits and in the payment of physicians' charges.

Fees, Medical↗