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Biomedical subjects

C Dreux

Publications and source records attributed to C Dreux.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Blood platelet and "extra-platelet" serotonin in some myeloproliferative disorders.

Most of the blood serotonin is bound to platelets. However, some authors described plasma "free" serotonin; which is normally very low, and might be increased during some diseases. Usual spectrofluorimetric methods and paired by statistical evaluation "extra-platelet" serotonin (not bound to platelets) in the blood of healthy volunteers and patients with myeloproliferative disorders was studied. In these conditions, we cannot be sure of the existence of "extra-platelets" serotonin in the blood of controls and some patients; in others it was present. "Extra-platelet" serotonin is always present in the blood of untreated patients with primary thrombocytosis.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1977

[Study of the reference values and nyctohemeral cycle of serum iron].

Marked variations in the same individual of serum iron levels may be due to a circadian rhythm. We determined the reference values of serum iron in a population of blood donors who had no blood disease. The very wide reference interval found (0.47 to 1.75 mg/l in man and 0.36 to 1.66 mg/l in women) was due to physiological variations rather than analytical variations. We also demonstrated in individuals with a normal life rhythm, a circadian rhythm for iron with maximal levels in the morning (8 to 12) and minimal levels in the evening (8 p.m. to midnight) the ratio of these levels is usually between 1.5 and 2, but may reach much higher figures. On the other hand, the total fixation capacity varies little over 24 hours. In night workers, one may note a displacement of the cycle with a maximum towards 8 p.m. a minimum at 8 a.m. In diabetics, the circadian rhythm exists but with a lower amplitued than in healthy subjects. In a few cases a hemochromatosis, one may note disappearance of the cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Pharmacologic bases of use of benzodiazepines in peréinatal medicine].

The pharmacokinetics of benzodiazepines have been studied because these drugs are often given to pregnant mothers and occasionally to neonates. The rate of absorbition is faster in the neonate than in the mother by all routes of administration but the drugs accumulate, the degree being related to gestational age, the more premature the greater the accumulation. There is preferential storage in some organs including the heart. Diazepam and chlordiazepoxide are metabolised to active compounds but oxazepam, nitrazepam and flurazepam are inactivated. Individual susceptibilities are important. These drugs readily pass across the placenta but the teratogenic risk is uncertain. They are also excreted in the breast milk in quantities which justify their withdrawal during breast feeding. On the basis of the findings therapeutic protocol is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Type IIb primary hyperlipoproteinemia. An homogenous series of 412 cases].

On the basis of a homogeneous series of 412 cases of type IIb primary hyperlipoproteinaemia, the authors compare their experience with findings in the literature. The prevalence of this type of hyperlipoproteinaemia in the general population has been underestimated at 3%. Biological diagnosis remains simple (identification of a double and distinct excess in beta and pre beta lipoproteins). Extravascular lipid deposits (gerontoxon, xanthelasma, tendon xanthomata) are not type specific. Hyperlipidaemic syndrome is rare. Above all, the importance of type IIb in atheromatous disease in the young subject now seems obvious. The mode of hereditary transmission of the familial anomaly is not certain but would appear to be often associated with a double heterozygote condition.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1976

Atilipidemic drugs. Part 5: Evaluation of the hypolipidemic effect of LF 178 in 191 patients affected by the atherogenic form of endogenous hyperlipoproteinemia (types IIa, IIb and IV).

The effect of isopropyl-[4'-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-2-phenoxy-2-methyl]-propionate (LF 178; procetofene; Lipanthyl), a new hypolipidemic agent, has been evaluated in 191 patients affected by endogenous hyperlipoproteinemia (IIa, IIb and IV). Data were collected from patients on active drug trial from 1 to 18 months. The daily administered dose varied from 200 to 400 mg according to pretreatment dietary stabilized lipid values. Under the controlled experimental conditions described, LF-178 lowered cholesterol by 20 to 36% in types IIa and IIb and triglycerides by 30 to 50% in types IIa and IV of H. L. P. A comparative trial of LF 178 and clofibrate indicates that the drug is significantly more potent than the reference compound after 1 month of treatment. Tolerance has always been excellent throughout the study.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1976

[Study of free and total tryptophan in the plasma. It value in psychiatry].

The dosage of the whole tryptophan and of the free tryptophan was conducted in 16 normal subjects to establish reference values and in 12 schizophrenic subjects among whom 7 were under treatment and 5 were not. The method of dosage is made by spectrofluorimetry by increasing the native fluorescence of tryptophan. The results give mean values for the free tryptophan and for the ratio of the free tryptophan to the whole tryptophan values that are higher in the schizophrenics than in the normal subjects used as reference, while the whole tryptophan seems to be little modified ; this increase is more noticeable in the schizophrenics under treatment. The limited number of the cases studied does not enable us yet to establish correlations between the increase of the free tryptophan found in some cases and the nature of the schizophrenia, its age and its evolutivity or even the clinical response to the treatment. However, some figures for the free tryptophan being very much higher than the mean value in some schizophrenics, suggest ways of research for understanding the pathogenisis of schizophrenia and the mechanisms of the therapeutic action of the psychotropic drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Micromethod of diazepam determination in the blood by gas-liquid chromatography. Application in neonatal pharmacology].

We propose a micromethod of diazepam determination on 0,1 ml of whole blood. The extraction is made with n-heptane for the isolation of diazepam in presence of principal metabolites. For the usual concentrations, the precision is about 3 per cent; at the detection limite, 0,05 mug/ml, it is about 20 per cent. With this method we studied the pharmacokinetics of diazepam in neonate with convulsive diseases in comparison with electroencephalogram.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1976

[Automation of urine hydroxyproline assay after isolation hydrolysis of hypropeptides on ion exchange resin].

Urinary hydroxyproline is mainly in the form of oligopeptide and polypeptide, with a low proportion of free amino acid. Overall or partial estimation of hydroxyprolinuria may be carried out after isolation and hydrolysis of the peptides on ion exchange resin, by an automatic, continuous flow technique. This method presents a certain number of advantages, such as, selectivity, sensitivity and practicability, compared with that which we proposed in 1968. Determination of the criteria of quality of the method shows that it is suitable for exploration of variations in hydroxyprolinuria in diseases of bone and collagen. The reference values in relation to age and sex are also reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Determination of OH 5 tryptophan by chromato-spectrofluorimetry in carcinoid tumors.

We have suggested the determination of different indolic metabolites of tryptophan: OH 5 trptophan (5 HTP), OH 5 tryptamine (5 HT), OH 5 indolyl-acetic acid (5 HIA) by column chromatography on cationic coupled with spectrofluorimetry after amplification obtained with o-phtaldehyde. The different metabolites are determined alone or simultaneously depending on the buffer used. The following qualitates are examined: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy. We have established normal reference values. For 5 HTP the normal values in urine are less than or equal to 50 microgram per day. In 12 cases of carcinoid tumors we have measured 5 HIA, 5 HTP, 5 HT and calculated the ratio between 5 HT and 5 HTP in the urine which makes it possible to have an idea of the enzyme activity in the hydroxyindol pathway in cases of intestinal and bronkial carcinoids.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1975

[Real time processing of data from a clinical biochemistry laboratory by means of a computer system].

Our experience on the use, for several years, of an off line data processing system, has permitted the development of a more advanced system. The basis of the new system is implantation in the laboratory of a minicomputer, linked secondarily to a large computer. The introduction of viewing apparatus favours the development of conversational procedures essential for this application. The organisation of work stands, which varies with the type of blood investigation carried out, whether automatic, semi-automatic or manual, and depends on the use of specialised terminal, e.g. key-board, screen or printing machine, was particularly studied. Simpler procedures were also fully studied, for a routine laboratory must continue to function if the computer breaks down.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗