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Biomedical subjects

C Dreux

Publications and source records attributed to C Dreux.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Comparative study of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL + VLDL cholesterol. Two methods: precipitation by concanavalin A and ultra centrifugation (author's transl)].

The authors determined in 3 populations (37 controls, 59 asymptomatic hyperlipemias, and 20 cases of arterial hyperlipemia) the total cholesterol, the HDL cholesterol and the LDL + VLDL cholesterol and their ratio by two methods : precipitation by concanavalin A and ultracentrifugation (AirFuge). These various lipid parameters were compared between 3 populations in order to determine their more or less discriminant character; furthermore, was established the degree of correlation between the results obtained by precipitation with concanavalin A and by ultracentrifugation. The results show : firstly, that the LDL + VLDL was significantly higher and the ratio HDL/LDL + VLDL significantly lower in hyperlipemia and in arterial disease compared with controls ; the HDL was significantly lower in arterial disease than in controls. No lipid parameter permitted one to differentiate between asymptomatic hyperlipemia and arterial disease. Furthermore, the correlation determined by the chi square method was very strong between the results obtained by precipitation with concanavalin A and ultracentrifugation as the coefficient of simple linear regression is very little different from the value + 1. They emphasize the interest of the method of precipitation by concanavalin A which is simple, rapid and very reliable.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Influence of light on the plasma gonadotropin concentrations in the newborn rat.

The physiological increase in plasma gonadotropin (LH and FSH) levels in newborn rats is indisputably influenced by light. Permanent illumination accentuates this increase, whereas darkness decreases it in 16-day-old female rats. In male rats of the same age, only permanent illumination was tested with the same results.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

[Value of 17-hydroxyprogesterone determination in exploration of adrenal cortex enzyme deficiencies].

17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OH-P) was measured in various populations by radioimmunoassay, using a highly specific antibody produce in the rabbit. Dynamic tests were performed with ACTH, dexamethasone and estroprogestative drugs and the role played by the adrenals and the ovaries in 17-OH-P production could be assessed. 17-OH-P determination is of interest in that, it allows the diagnosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency, where values above 10 ng/ml are often found. Associated with the measure of testosterone and delta 4-androstenedione, it is also useful in the management of the disease. In the mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with late revelation of the symptoms, determination of 17-OH-P following ACTH stimulation allows of relative diagnosis.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed1979

[The platelet model applied to the study of depressive illness (author's transl)].

The blood platelets, which serious arguments permit one to consider as valid models of serotoninergic neurones, were studied in various types of depression and during treatment with antidepressor drugs. The modifications of several platelet parameters were analysed in particular. The level of hydroxyndoles (OH-5-tryptamine or 5-HT for example) is generally lowered. The uptake of 5-HT is also reduced with normalisation by antidepressor treatments; the fixation of mepacrine, sign of the passive uptake of bioamines, is modified in the same direction, especially, in our experience, in maniacs, with a rise during treatment with phenothiazines. Finally, among the platelet enzymes, monoamine oxidase has a reduced activity in bipolar depressed patients, certain maniac depressive psychosis, and endogenic melancholias. Other platelet parameters, (liberation or release, nucleotide levels, 5-HT bonds at membrane level, etc.) may provide in the future, interesting information. In spite of sometimes contradictory data, the platelet model may be of interest, especially from pharmacological point of view.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Photosensitivity and disturbances of tryptophan metabolism (kynurenin pathway) (author's transl)].

We studied a bullous photodermatosis recurring for two years in a old woman. The eruption was diagnosed as a pellagra-like syndrome on tryptophan loading test disorders without any other cause of sun sensitivity. The static and dynamic metabolic investigation was centered on tryptophan and vitaminic coenzymes which mediate catabolic reactions. The defect are located on the kinurenin pathway. The discussion analyses the possible relations between the dermatosis and the biological disturbances observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Modifications of peptide hydroxyprolinuria during Paget's disease and osteoma (author's transl)].

The values of hydroxyprolinuria were determined in 314 cases of Paget's disease and 91 cases of osteoma. During Paget's disease, the values found were related to the degree of the bony disorder. A more detailed study of the hydroxyproline polypeptides was undertaken, comparatively in a few cases of these two diseases. In Paget's disease, there was shown a relative increase in the oligopeptide fraction, whereas the polypeptide fraction was increased in osteoma. By chromatographic and electrophoretic technics, it was shown that the acid oligopeptides (containing mainly the dipeptide (Glu-Hyp) are in percentage, reduced in Paget's disease and increased in osteoma, whereas the neutral oligopeptides (containing mainly Pro-Hyp) undergo the opposite variation in these two diseases.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Influence of hepatic insufficiency in pharmacokinetics of drugs: example for an anthranilic diuretic.

Hepatic insufficiency is responsible for numerous modifications of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, because the liver is the most important organ for the transformation and, with the kidney, elimination of drugs. Pharmacokinetics of furosemide, an anthranilic diuretic, was compared in normal subjects and cirrhotics with hepatic insufficiency, after oral administration. In patients, we observed few modifications of the bioavailability. The total elimination of the drug was normal when the urinary excretion compensated a slight reduction in biliary secretion, but when this reduction was important the total clearance of furosemide decreased. In urine, the elimination time was lengthened, but the percentage of excretion was about the same as for normal subjects. The pharmacological effects were also modified for cirrhotics with decrease of sodium and water excretion, for the same blood concentration of drug as in controls. Also, we observed a shift between the salidiuretic effect and the blood concentration in patients, when there was an exact concordance of these times in control subjects. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon: (1) modifications in hepatic metabolism or, (2) in drug protein binding.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Spectrofluorimetric automatised assay of free and total tryptophan in plasma (author's transl)].

An automated fluorometric method, including norharmane transformation of tryptophan (TRP) by formaldehyde and perhydrol, is applied to free and total TRP determination in human plasma. Separation of free TRP determination in human plasma. Separation of free TRP is achieved by ultrafiltration at pH 7,25 under an air/CO2 flow. The procedure here described is easy, rapid and very sensitive, allowing to work on microsamples if free TRP separation could be realized with them. A correct precision is obtained (CV : 2,8% for plasma repetability) and the specificity is quite good in plasma according to the negligible effect of tryptamine. Frequent values, calculated from 19 healthy subjects are [mean +/- tSE (risk 5%)]:--free TRP : 11,8 +/- 1,5 mumol/l;--total TRP : 52,2 +/- 19,7 mumol/l.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1977

Changes of serum gonadotropin concentrations in premature babies submitted to phototherapy.

In order to determine if phototherapy was influencing any change in plasma gonadotropin levels, we have compared a group of 8 premature infants (4 males and 4 females) who have been treated with phototherapy because of jaundice, to a control group of 6 premature infants who did not require phototherapy. During the third and fourth week of life, luteinizing hormone (LH) and folicule stimulating hormone (FSH), increased simultaneously in a significant range in phototherapy treated females. In the group of treated males, LH but not FSH increased significantly. Constant phototherapy and/or the sudden stopping of the treatment in the jaundiced premature newborn female is responsible for a marked and transient elevation of gonadotropins. A clear mechanism of the observed phenomenon with pathways including the retina, pineal gland and hypothalamus, is not apparent.

Female↗
PubMed1977

[Fluorometric determination of free and total tryptophan in blood plasma].

Free and total tryptophan is estimated in the plasma by a spectrofluorimetric method using an amplification reaction and fluorescence by transformation of tryptophan into norharman using formalin and perhydrol (fluorescence is amplified about 15 times). Free tryptophan in the plasma is separated by ultrafiltration under pressure. We verified the analytical characteristics of the method in order to obtain optimal conditions. Values frequently found in 16 blood donors in good health were 10.4 +/- 3.3 micronmol/l. for free tryptophan (average +/- ts for a risk of 5%) and 54.6 +/- 18.6 micronmol/l. for total tryptophan.

Depression↗
PubMed1977

[Simultaneous electrochemical determinations of total co2 and chlorides in biological fluids (author's transl)].

We thought it was interesting to study the results provided by an instrument intended for chlorides and total CO2 plasmatic determinations using specific electrodes. The main qualities observed are the following: -Chloride linearity 10 up to 300 mmol/I. -Total CO2 linearity 5 up to 50 mmol/I. The within run precision for chloride is 0,74% CV and for total CO2 is 1,56% CV. The between day precision is excellent: CI--0,95% CV. Total CO2 1,54% CV. --No contamination at all. --Throughput: 55 samples per hour. --Good correlation with the routine methods used in our laboratory CI--r = 0,90. Total CO2 r = 0,98. --No interferences at all by compounds such as hemoglobulin, bilirubin. --Possible measurement with urine, CSF, gastric fluid, ascites and pleural punctures and sweat. This instrument seems well adapted for pediatric, resuscitation and "stat" setting in a clinical laboratory.

Carbon Dioxide↗