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Biomedical subjects

C Di Rocco

Publications and source records attributed to C Di Rocco.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Influences of phasic changes in systemic blood pressure on intracranial pressure.

In acute experiments on lambs, the effects of short-lasting induced modifications in arterial and venous systemic blood pressure on intracranial pressure have been studied. Haemodynamic changes have been provoked by increasing the cardiac venous return, by increasing or decreasing the arterial resistance and by stimulating the vagus nerve. Intracranial pressure modifications have been demonstrated to depend essentially on arterial influences. A direct venous influence is apparent only when the central venous pressure is increased, as occurs in the case of increased venous cardiac return.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Experimental hydrocephalus following mechanical increment of intraventricular pulse pressure.

Experimental hydrocephalus has been induced in lambs by artificial increase of the amplitude of intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oscillations related to arterial pulsations, without concomitant changes of the mean CSF-pressure. The characteristics of this hydrocephalus demonstrate that the intraventricular CSF-pulsations can play a role in the genesis of ventricular dilation. Such a method may be used to produce an original model of hydrocephalus independent of changes of CSF-circulation or absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Normal limits of the lateral cerebral ventricles on the lateral phlebogram: a statistical analysis.

The highest points of the subependymal veins of the lateral cerebral ventricles (frontal horn, body and atrium) and the height of the body have been evaluated in selected patients. Through a statistical analysis, they have been demonstrated to depend on the height of the supratentorial compartment of the skull. Taking into account this relation, the results obtained furnish reliable criteria for evaluating ventricular enlargement or sectional deformity.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Anatomo-clinical correlations in normotensive hydrocephalus. Reports on three cases.

The brains of 3 adult subjects suffering from normotensive hydrocephalus have been examined pathologically. The diagnosis of normotensive hydrocephalus was based on clinical symptoms, pneumoencephalography and isotope cisternography, in 1 case integrated with the results of the constant-infusion manometric test. Part of the neuropathological findings were common to the 3 patients: leptomeningeal non-obstructive fibrosis, ventricular ependymal disruption, subependymal glial reaction, periventricular demyelination and spongiosis. Other neuropathological abnormalities were peculiar to each patient: leptomeningeal signs of previous subarachnoid haemorrhage; arteriosclerosis and multiple brain cystic infarcts; Alzheimer's plaques in the gray matter. The possible pathogenetic significance of the neuropathological findings summarized above in relation to the development of normotensive hydrocephalus is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The study of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in apparently 'arrested' hydrocephalus in children.

18 children having hydrocephalus, which could be regarded clinically as 'arrested', underwent cerebral angiography and a constant infusion manometric test. Intracranial pressure was directly recorded in 3 cases. The above examinations indicated that hydrocephalus was still 'active' in 8 children. This was confirmed by the good results of the surgical treatment.

Cerebral Ventriculography↗
PubMed1976

Cerebrospinal fluid pressure studies in normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophy.

The surgical results obtained with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt operation in 13 patients considered to be suffering from normal pressure hydrocephalus have been correlated with the findings of the constant manometric infusion test (IT) and of prolonged intracranial pressure recordings. A positive IT, high amplitude CSF pulse pressure and large transitory increases of CSF pressure during sleep seem to be useful criteria for the surgical prognosis. Ten more patients affected by primary cerebral atrophy have also been studied. The data obtained in both groups of patients have been utilized for a possible pathogenetic interpretation of the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Laminotomy and total reconstruction of the posterior spinal arch for spinal canal surgery in childhood.

Kyphosis, anterior subluxation, and instability of the spine are reported as postoperative complications of multiple level laminectomies in children. The surgical procedure of multiple level laminotomies is proposed as an alternative. Indications in infants and children, the surgical technique, and the postoperative management are presented. The goal is preservation of the normal architecture of the spine in patients who are still developing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Monoamine acid metabolites and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in normal pressure hydrocephalus: preliminary results.

Lumbar and ventricular CSF concentration of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxy-indole-acetic acid (5-HIAA) have been determined in 13 patients admitted to hospital for suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus. Low values of HVA in lumbar CSF were found in all patients with reduced CSF absorption and CSF flow inversion. The HVA lumbar concentration remained low after shunt procedure; it increased if obstruction of the shunt occurred. The ventricular CSF concentration of HVA was normal before surgery; it became higher, in two cases, after surgery. No important variations were found in the lumbar and ventricular CSF concentration of 5-HIAA. The possible mechanisms and diagnostic value of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Continuous intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid pressure recording in hydrocephalic children during wakefulness and sleep.

Continuous 24-hour recordings of intracranial pressure and electroencephalographic activity were made on five hydrocephalic children in whom, in the resting wakefulness state, the intracranial pressure (ICP) was considered normal. An increase in both the mean ICP and its oscillations related to cardiac systole was recorded during slow-wave sleep. Further episodic increases, up to a factor of 7 compared to wakefulness values, occurred during sleep. In three patients it was possible to correlate such episodic increases to the rapid eye movement phases of sleep. The authors discuss these phenomena and their possible implication in the progression of hydrocephalus.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pituitary microadenomas in children: a cause of growth failure.

Six children, originally regarded as being affected by prepubertal idiopathic growth failure, were found to have pituitary microadenomas. In all six patients, the growth failure (less than or equal to 2 cm/yr) was the primary clinical sign, and was accompanied by a growth hormone deficiency that was discovered during the laboratory evaluation. Prominent alteration of the sella turcica was not demonstrated in the skull x-ray examinations of any of the children, even when the x-ray examinations were supplemented by hypocycloidal tomography. CT scanning proved to be a very useful integrating diagnostic procedure, revealing the adenoma to be a nodular area of increased density within the sella turcica. In all of the children, resumption of normal growth was obtained following the surgical removal of the tumor through a transsphenoidal approach.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebral angiography in meningocerbral inflammatory diseases in infancy and childhood: a study of thiryt-five cases.

The value of cerebral angiography in the diagnosis of intracranial infections is presented, and the differential diagnosis of the various angiographic appearances in meningocerebral infections is discussed. Specific angiographic characteristics permitting the diagnosis of vasculitis, cerebritis, meningitis, brain abscess, and subdural and epidural fluid collections are correlated with known concepts of the pathological anatomy of these entities. Angiography is recommended in those infants known to have a meningocerebral infection who show signs of an increase in intracranial pressure or focal neurological dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial tumors of the first year of life.

The introduction of new diagnostic tools for neuroimaging has resulted in the early recognition of congenital brain tumors. In the present report we describe a personal series of 39 children and an International Multicenter Series of 876 children with brain tumors, in whom the diagnosis was obtained during the first 12 months of life. Most of the tumors were located within the supratentorial compartment. In spite of a relatively high operative mortality, surgery still appears to be the more effective therapy. Radiotherapy in this age group is of a scarce value, due to the vulnerability of the infantile brain. At the present time, chemotherapy still plays a controversial role.

Brain Neoplasms↗