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Biomedical subjects

C Di Rocco

Publications and source records attributed to C Di Rocco.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Hyperprolactinemia as the first symptom of craniopharyngioma.

The endocrinological alterations related to craniopharyngiomas are usually described as panhypopituitarism. The growth failure in the prepuberal child and/or the puberal retard are the clinical symptoms usually related to it. Nevertheless, for the peculiar diencephalic control of the prolactin (PRL) pituitary secretion, different endocrinological pictures can be observed, related to the different degree of pituitary-hypothalamic compression from the craniopharyngioma. For these reasons a dynamic PRL pre- and postoperative evaluation has been performed in 4 patients operated on for craniopharyngioma. A correlation has been made between hormonal picture, size and location of the tumor, and surgical results. The value of these data in performing an early diagnosis in children with craniopharyngioma is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Heparin-urokinase treatment in aseptic dural sinus thrombosis.

Five patients affected by aseptic dural sinus thrombosis have been treated with a combination of heparin sodium and urokinase. In all of them, the therapy was followed by complete clinical recovery. Postoperative cerebral angiography showed patency of the involved sinuses in all.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Arachnoid cysts in children: ultrastructural findings.

Light and electron microscopic features of four arachnoid cysts in children are presented. The wall of the cyst appeared composed of a dense collagen tissue in which dark and clear cells were intermingled without any specific arrangement. Abutting onto this membrane, at the luminal surface, these cells were arranged in layers. Tight junctions between arachnoid cells were absent. It is suggested that the arachnoid cysts derive from a developmental aberration of the meninges.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1981

A technique for evaluation of CSF shunt patency using telethermography.

Sixty-two operated hydrocephalic children have been tested in order to evaluate the functioning of CSF shunt using a telethermographic technique. The obtained results indicate that the thermal transfer due to CSF flow within the shunt may be utilized for detecting the patency of the inserted CSF shunt.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effects of artificially induced increases in intracranial pressure on epileptic activity.

The effects of induced increases in intracranial pressure (ICP) on epileptic activity following topical application of penicillin on the cerebral cortex or dorsal hippocampus were investigated in rabbits. Enhanced basal epileptic activity was brought about by the rise in the ICP, obtained with repeated lumbar infusions of saline. In some animals, this increased activity was already evident during the test, while in others it became obvious only at the end of the procedure. When induced, the increased epileptic activity could persist even after the ICP had returned to within normal limits.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Early diagnosis and surgical indication in craniosynostosis.

9 children, presenting with clinical symptoms of craniosynostosis, and 4 with microcrania underwent calvaria bone scanning and a lumbar subarachnoid constant-infusion manometric test as integrating procedures for the diagnosis and surgical indication. In all the patients with craniosynostosis, calvaria bone scanning revealed the pathological sutures as areas of diminished or absent radionuclide accumulation, while a normal isotope uptake was observed at all the cranial sutures in the children with microcrania. A biphasic response to the infusion test, with an early rapid increase in the intracranial pressure and a late compensation, characterized 8 of the 9 children with craniosynostosis. The response to the infusion test was normal in all the cases with microcrania and in 1 child regarded as affected with coronal synostosis on the grounds of clinical and calvaria bone scanning findings.

Craniosynostoses↗
PubMed1980

Arachnoid cyst.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1979

The physiopathogenetic basis for the angiographic diagnosis of bacterial infections of the brain and its coverings in children. I. Leptomeningitis.

This is a descriptive analysis of the angiographic characteristics of leptomeningeal infections in 36 children and a correlation of these angiographic observations with anatomopathologic changes. Vascular, meningeal and parenchymal changes are described and discussed. In the normal situation, tracer protein particles injected into the subarachnoid space perfuse easily through the extracellular spaces but stop at the outer continuous arachnoidal layer. The parenchymal layer, pia-arachnoid, on the other hand, consists of a uni or pluricellular layer which is regularly crossed by tracer particles. Though the internal carotid, vertebral and basilar arteries have some anatomical characteristics: thinner tunica media and adventitia, the absence of vasa vasorum and the presence of a fluid cushion (CSF) in which they are bathed. The most striking angiographic observation in leptomeningitis is the transmural extravasation of the contrast meding 'halo' formation. Long after the cerebral circulation time, one may identify contrast media 'pooling' within the cisterns and sulci.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

On the pathology of experimental hydrocephalus induced by artificial increase in endoventricular CSF pulse pressure.

In lambs, acute and chronic communicating hydrocephalus has been created by merely increasing the amplitude of the intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsations, leaving the mean CSF pressure unchanged. The pathologic changes occurring in this type of hydrocephalus do not differ qualitatively from those observed in obstructive hydrocephalus. Beside demonstrating a direct role of ventricular pulsations in the ventricular dilation, the observed findings indicate that an increase in mean CSF pressure is not a necessary condition for the occurrence of the hydrocephalus. Consequently, the hypothesis of abnormal high intraventricular CSF pressure oscillations at the basis of the ventricular dilation of normal pressure hydrocephalic patients, receives a significant support. Further support is provided is provided by considering the recorded experimental pathological lesions are quite similar to those observed in normal pressure hydrocephalic patients with patent subarachnoid CSF pathways.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

The physiopathogenetic basis for the angiographic diagnosis of bacterial infections of the brain and its coverings in children. II. Cerebritis and brain abscess.

Most of the small (50--60 micrometers) vessels nourish exclusively the cerebral cortex, whereas larger caliber (80--150 micrometers) arteries penetrate the entirety of the cortical layer to enter the underlying white matter. A single layer of nonfenestrated endothelial cells, surrounded by a continuous layer of basement membrane (which in places splits to envelope a pericyte), and perivascular glial cells attached to the outer surface of this basement membrane, with no pericapillary space, represent the anatomical structure of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Concentrated electrolyte solutions and increases in mean arterial pressure may reopen the BBB. Water-soluble contrast media used in cerebral angiography are hypertonic solutions of iodinated salts. In cerebritis, one observes a very typical angiographic picture: 'laminar' staining of the gyri. The intervening sulci appear as negative images. In brain abscess, one may note angiographic evidence of a space-occupying lesion, a capsular stain in the granulation tissue surrounding the abscess, 'halo' formation and 'pooling' of contrast media in the sulci, and 'laminar' staining of the gyri.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

The value of CT for the diagnosis of pituitary microadenomas in children.

Three cases of prepuberal hypopituitary dwarfism regarded as idiopathic, are reported. In two of them the skull X-rays showed questionable minimal alterations of the sella turcica; in the remaining child the examination was completely negative. All three children were found to have a pituitary intrasellar microadenoma on the CT scan. The diagnosis was confirmed during surgery. The postoperative followup demonstrated the relation of the lesion with growth retardation and the indication for surgical treatment.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗