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Biomedical subjects

C Debray

Publications and source records attributed to C Debray.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effects of somatostatin on the external secretion of the pancreas of the rat.

The effects of somatostatin on the secretions of the exocrine pancreas were studied in anesthetized and conscious fistula rats. Somatostatin resulted in a dose-dependent decrease of basal secretion (flow, bicarbonate, protein) in conscious rats. In anesthetized rats, basal secretion was initially augmented by bolus injections of 10 to 50 microgram per kg and was subsequently decreased by venous infusions of somatostatin at 1.5 to 100 microgram.kg-1.hr-1. This inhibition, which was poorly dose dependent, was greater for protein secretion than for that of water and electrolytes. Somatostatin inhibited caerulein-stimulated protein secretion by 40 to 50% but had no effect on secretion stimulated by exogenous and endogenous secretin. Somatostatin markedly inhibited secretion stimulated by 2-deoxyglucose and by electrical stimulation of the vagus nerves in a dose-dependent fashion (protein and bicarbonate exhibited a maximal inhibition of 85%). Acetylcholine-stimulated secretion was also inhibited by somatostatin, but the maximal inhibitions observed were only 505 for protein and 60% for bicarbonate. These findings agree with the hypothesis that somatostatin infusion leads to both a decrease of acetylcholine release at nerve endings and to a direct inhibition at the level of pancreatic effector cells.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

The effects of tiadenol, clofibrate and clofibride on bile composition in the rat.

Biliary secretion was studied in normolipidemic rats after a 7 day treatment with the hypolipidemic drugs, tiadenol (bis-(hydroxyethylthio)-1,10-decane), clofibrate and clofibride (chloro-4-phenoxy-2-methyl-2-propionate of dimethylcarbamoyl-3-propyl). All three drugs decreased blood cholesterol and total lipids, increased liver weight and liver catalase content, and decreased biliary excretion of cholesterol. The biliary concentrations of bile salts, phospholipids and cholesterol decreased to a variable extent, in such a way that the ratio of bile salts + phospholipids to cholesterol was increased by the drugs. The bile salt independent fraction was increased. The effects were qualitatively similar for all three drugs tested, but quanitative differences appeared for some of the parameters.

Amides↗
PubMed1977

Quantitative studies in vitro on uptake and esterification of palmitate into human and rat jejunal mucosa.

Quantitative incorporation and esterification of (9-10) 3H palmitate into jejunal mucosa was studied in vitro comparatively on human biopsies and on everted rings of rat intestine following various incubation times. This procedure is fitted for investigation of the glycophosphate pathway. Quantitatively the total uptake of palmitate was similar in man and rat. But the distribution among the various esterified fractions was different in animal and man and different again in coeliac disease. Notwithstanding incorporation of palmitate into triglyceride the fatty acid composition of mucosal triglyceride showed little or no modification.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of chronic ethanol consumption on pancreatic response to central vagal stimulation by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in the rat.

Male Wistar rats, fed a standard normal laboratory diet, drank ad libitum a 20% ethanol solution for 3 months. Basal and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) stimulated pancreatic secretion were measured. Basal secretion of sodium (-30%, p less than 0.001), bicarbonate (-35%, p less than 0.001) and total protein (-35%, p less than 0.001) were depressed in alcoholic versus control rats. Pancreatic response was identical in both groups with the smaller dose of 2DG, dose related in controls, and identical for both doses in alcohol-fed rats. The response was thus significantly smaller in alcohol-fed rats than in controls for the larger dose of 2DG (p less than 0.01). Pancreatic concentration and contents of amylase, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and lipase were all decreased in alcoholic versus control rats (40-60%, p less than 0.001). These results are consistent with the hypothesis of functional modifications in pancreatic cholinergic innervation in alcohol-fed rats.

Amylases↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition of gastric electrical and mechanical activity by intraduodenal agents in pigs and the effects of vagotomy.

Miniature pigs were chronically implanted with gastric electrodes, strain gauge devices allowing the measurement of circular contractions in the antrum and body of the stomach, and with a duodenal catheter through which duodenal infusions were administered. Inhibition of gastric motility by intraduodenal agents was measured before and after truncal vagotomy in conscious animals 20 min after feeding of a normal meal. The agents infused in the duodenum (10 ml/min, 4 min), were: HCl 75 mEq/l(A), glucose 100 g/l(G), olive oil 10% pH 7(L), amino acids (AA) and saline. Before vagotomy, motor activity during the first 5 min was inhibited 50-80% with respect to basal levels; the duration of action was G No. L greater than A; AA had very little effect, and saline no effect. Inhibition was on the whole similar in the antrum and gastric body. After vagotomy, the inhibitory effect of A was reduced from 80 to 20% in the antrum, and completely suppressed in the gastric body. Inhibitory effects of G and L were completely suppressed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

Controlled trial of chenodeoxycholic therapy for radiolucent gallstones. A multicenter study.

134 patients with radiolucent gallstones were randomly allocated to receive either placebo or 1 of 3 different doses of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA); 750, 1,500, or 3,000 mg). The initial dose was lowered if not well tolerated. 107 patients were treated for more than 3 months. Among them, stones dissolved in 21 and were smaller in 25 patients. Partial or complete dissolution occurred in 4 of the 13 receiving 375 mg/day, 14 of 37 receiving 750 mg, 24 of the 38 receiving 1,500 mg and 4 of 8 receiving 3,000 mg/day. The number of responders to the therapy was significantly greater in the groups of patients receiving 1,500 mg/day or 17-24 mg/kg body weight than in any other group. However, side effects, i.e., diarrhea and transaminase increase, are also dose related. It appears from this study that the optimal dose of CDCA may be between 17 and 20 mg/kg body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Value of identification of renal pedicles in the echotomographic study of the normal and pathological pancreas].

The renal pedicles were identified in 83.5% of pancreases during echotomography. The horizontal relations together with the vertical relations represented by the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava permit one to localise with precision the cephalic and corporeal parts of the pancreas for they are situated just in front. Analysis of the echostructure of the pancreas thus localised is greatly facilitated.

Aorta, Abdominal↗