Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Davis

Publications and source records attributed to C Davis.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Posterior fossa ependymomas in adults.

Sixteen patients with posterior fossa ependymomas are presented. This tumour is relatively uncommon in adults and is usually associated with a relatively "benign" course when compared with other posterior fossa glial tumours. The natural history and treatment of these tumours is discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Reconstruction of alveolar width for orthodontic tooth movement: a case report.

A problem that has limited orthodontic treatment is lack of buccal-lingual alveolar width into which teeth can be moved. Causes may range from surgical obliteration to physiologic constriction after tooth removal. Lack of buccal-lingual alveolar width does not have to be an orthodontic limitation anymore. A technique used routinely to graft alveolar clefts can remedy this problem. Autogenous cancellous bone is placed subperiosteally on the buccal aspect of the constricted edentulous space. The flap is closed over the bone. The adjacent teeth may be orthodontically moved into the grafted edentulous area in approximately 6 weeks. Long-term follow-up has revealed excellent orthodontic stability, periodontal health, and dental vitality. A case report of one patient with loss of buccal-lingual alveolar space is presented. It is concluded that loss or lack of sufficient buccal-lingual alveolar width no longer must be an orthodontic limiting factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ultrastructural studies on the neuromuscular control of human tracheal and bronchial muscle.

This study presents an ultrastructural analysis of neural and myogenic control of smooth muscle in human trachea, in small (approximately fourth to seventh order) bronchi. A moderate frequency of gap junctions between smooth muscle cells and a sparse innervation was observed in trachea. In contrast, small junctions without identifiable gaps were identified in bronchi along with a dense, sometimes close innervation of muscle. Most profiles of nerve varicosities in both types of airways were of two types: (1) those containing mostly small agranular and few or no large granular vesicles; and (2) nerves (probably adrenergic) with some small granular vesicles along with other vesicles present in bronchi. In the bronchi some mast cells were found near nerve profiles and in close proximity to smooth muscle. These morphological findings suggest that tracheal muscle may be organized for more neural and less myogenic control of activity. Interactions between mast cells, nerves and muscles in bronchi could influence airway function. These findings imply that a single type of airway muscle may not adequately represent the structural and functional properties of human airway.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacological characterization of airway smooth muscle responses to antigen in ascaris-sensitive dogs.

The dog model of ascaris airway sensitivity was chosen because of its frequency and its immunologic similarity to the human atopic asthmatic state. We studied the mediators of the antigen-induced airway response in vitro and the alterations in the in vivo and in vitro responsiveness to spasmogens evoked by antigen challenge. A myogenic basis of altered reactivity was suggested by the following: tetrodotoxin-insensitive spontaneous active tone; phasic contractions of airway smooth muscle; and responsiveness to leukotrienes C4 and D4. The pharmacologic characteristics of the antigen-induced airway smooth muscle contraction in vitro were similar to those induced by arachidonic acid and the leukotrienes only in some respects but were clearly different from those induced by compound 48/80. This suggested a predominant role for arachidonate lipoxygenase products. Histamine appeared to play a minor role in the antigen response. Comparisons were made between antigen-induced responses of actively and passively sensitized airways tissues. In the latter, histamine release appeared to contribute to the initial antigen-induced contraction and, unlike in actively sensitized airways, the responses were easily desensitized to repeated challenge. Alterations of airway responsiveness were demonstrated in vivo to acetylcholine and 5-HT following antigen challenge of highly ascaris-sensitive dogs. In vitro studies of passively sensitized muscle showed selectively enhanced response to 5-HT following antigen challenge. These studies support the presence of altered myogenic properties of airway smooth muscle and nonspecific increased airway responsiveness in this animal model.

5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid↗
PubMed1986

Carolyne Davis: achieving in a new frontier. Interview by Michele Ward-Schaefer.

On Friday, November 8, 1985, Carolyne Davis, R.N., Ph.D., was interviewed at her office at Ernst & Whinney. Dr. Davis was contacted to reveal some insights into the different perspectives of the public versus the private sector. The following article is a summation of that interview.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1985

Induction of histone H1(0) differs with different treatments among different cell lines.

Histone H1(0) is an H1 subfraction whose level on the chromatin is inversely correlated with the mitotic index of the cell. We investigated the increase in H1(0) in 6 cell lines when cell division was blocked by 4 methods: 5 mM butyrate, 2% DMSO, serum withdrawal or density inhibition. The 6 cell lines (HeLa S1 and S3, CHO, 3T6, NIE-115 and Vero) responded differently to the treatments as regards the amount of increase in H1(0) and comparisons among the lines reveal no obvious similarities between the lines in the differential effects of the various treatments on H1(0) levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Surgical problems in the management of giant fibroadenoma of the breast.

Giant intracanalicular fibroadenoma is reported to be the most common cause of a massive, deforming enlargement of one breast in the female adolescent. It occurs infrequently and has a varied histopathologic pattern. It is suggested that obstetricians and gynecologists should have an awareness of this potentially malignant tumor of the breast with its associated problems of diagnosis and surgical management. Consideration of these huge breast tumors in relation to other similar breast lesions is presented in order to emphasize differential characteristics and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

The presentation of 129 cases of cerebral angioma is reviewed. There were 4 main methods of presentation: haemorrhage, epilepsy, deteriorating neurological signs and headache. The fifth common method of presentation, heart failure, almost exclusively confined to infants, was not seen in the current series which includes no paediatric cases. Standard techniques of investigation principly angiography and CT scanning were used in diagnosis and the current indication for surgery was haemorrhage. The mortality rate per haemorrhage in the series considered in natural terms was 3.6%, neurological deficit as a result of the haemorrhage, either major or minor, occurred in a total of 8%, 4% each. Complete excision of the angioma was performed in 69 cases, although in 3 of these it was necessary to reoperate following postoperative angiography which was then used again to confirm total removal. There was 1 death in this series of radical removals, a mortality rate of 1.5%. Six cases however, showed significant neurological deterioration postoperatively, a major morbidity of 8.7%. From the period of observation of these cases and the instance of haemorrhage the annual bleeding rate would appear to be 4.2%. From follow-up of our cases where the lesion was not completely removed the re-bleeding rate would appear to be 2.6%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Significance of paravertebral venous collaterals on excretory urography.

The visualization of paravertebral venous collateral vessels during excretory urography may be normal when a foot vein has been injected. This finding reflects the abundant intercommunications between the caval, vertebral, and azygos venous systems and should not be mistaken for vena caval occlusion unless strong clinical suspicion of deep venous thrombosis exists.

Adult↗