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Biomedical subjects

C Cruz

Publications and source records attributed to C Cruz.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Renal parenchymal disease: sonographic-histologic correlation.

A retrospective study of 109 patients who underwent renal biopsy was designed to correlate the sonographic appearance of the kidney with the histologic changes and clinical and laboratory findings in various renal parenchymal diseases. The clinical, pathologic, and sonographic data were analyzed blindly and independently by a team from each corresponding discipline. There was no correlation between the specific sonographic appearance and the type of renal disease. There was a significant correlation between renal length and the prevalence of global sclerosis, focal tubular atrophy, and the number of hyaline casts per glomerulus. A significant positive correlation was also found between cortical echogenicity and the severity of global sclerosis, focal tubular atrophy, the number of hyaline casts per glomerulus, and focal leukocytic infiltration. While there was overall significant correlation between the degree of cortical echogenicity and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations in each group, a wide range of variance was present. It is not currently feasible to distinguish different types of renal medical disorders using diagnostic ultrasound.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Cell-mediated immunity in chronic myelocytic leukemia.

14 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia were evaluated immunologically; no difference was found in mean lymphocyte percentage and absolute number between patients and healthy subjects. 4 cases (28.5%) showed decreased percentage of T lymphocytes, while only 2 cases (14.2%) had decreased absolute T lymphocyte values. PHA transformation was decreased in 57% of the patients. Spontaneous transformation in the short-term cultures exceeded the normal range in 65% of the cases. All patients skin tested were found to be reactive. Most of the patients had defective cellular immune response in vitro, probably related with a qualitative defect in T lymphocyte subpopulations. It cannot be completely excluded that part of the observed lymphocyte depression was due to the busulfan.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Nerve cell fusion in a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Evidence indicating cell membrane fusion among cells and their processes where subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) virus is present is shown in an ultrastructural study of a brain biopsy. Virus budding from plasma membrane was not seen. These rare findings reinforce the hypothesis of cell-to-cell transmission as the most likely mechanism of SSPE virus infection. The presence of fused membranes between cell processes and cell soma probably explains the rapid spread of this virus throughout the nervous system.

Cell Fusion↗
PubMed1981

Protein patterns of the cerebrospinal fluid of 30 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE).

Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 30 cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) was studied for total protein and protein electrophoresis. Total CSF protein values were normal in almost all the cases, but the gamma-globulin was increased and had an oligoclonal morphology in all the cases. Absolute and relative values of some of the other electrophoretic fractions were decreased. Total protein and electrophoretic serum values in 25 cases did not differ significantly from the controls, although the gamma-globulin presented an oligoclonal morphology in 13 cases. CSF immunoglobulins were determined in 10 cases; IGG was increased in ll; IgA was traceable and slightly increased in only four cases; IgM was not found. These findings point to the intrathecal synthesis of IgG and the absence of barrier impairment. The decrease of the absolute values of some of the other CSF proteins suggests that homeostatic mechanisms for protein concentration in the CSF are maintained in SSPE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Acute post-transplantation renal failure: differential diagnosis by ultrasound.

Sonograms of 35 patients with cadaveric renal allografts were reviewed. The patients included five with successful renal transplantations, seven with acute tubular necrosis, 19 with acute rejection, one with complete occlusion of the renal artery, and three with stenosis of a renal artery. During the course of acute tubular necrosis, the renal anatomy remained sonographically unaltered. During the course of acute rejection, there was a spectrum of sonographic findings including increase in renal volume, decreased amplitude of the renal sinus echoes, enlarged medullary pyramids, indistinct corticomedullary boundary, increased echogenicity of the renal cortex, areas of decreased parenchymal echogenicity, sparse cortical echoes, and perirenal fluid collections as a result of hematoma or crescentic collection of fluid around the kidney. In both arterial occlusion and stenosis, no sonographic abnormalities of renal anatomy were seen and the only finding was lack of normal post-transplantation hypertrophy. Our study encourages the use of sonography in acute post-transplantation renal failure. If serial ultrasound studies are available and correlation with clinical and laboratory data and nuclear medicine studies are obtained, the correct diagnosis may be reached without the use of invasive procedures.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

Dendritic degeneration and regrowth in the cerebral cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Biopsy fragments from the frontal cortex of three patients with Alzheimer's disease were studied by electron microscopy. Electron-dense degenerating dendrites were observed in all cortical layers, but more abundantly in layers 3 and 4. Dendrites with lipid-like droplets and others filled with mitochondria were also seen in these two layers. These findings are in keeping with the abnormalities found with Golgi techniques in the dendritic trees of patients with familial forms of Alzheimer's disease, and are similar to the alterations observed in other diseases accompanied by mental changes.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1980

Oligoclonal gamma-globulin of cerebrospinal fluid in neurobrucellosis.

The clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of two cases of neurobrucellosis are described. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein electrophoresis showed increased gamma-globulins and decreased relative values of pre-albumin and albumin, associated to high values of total CSF protein. The evidence of oligoclonal morphology of CSF gamma-globulins suggests that part of them had an intrathecal origin, in addition to an increased crossing of the damaged blood-CSF barrier. Similar oligoclonal appearance of CSF gamma-globulins was observed in two additional cases of neurobrucellosis previously reported.

Brucellosis↗
PubMed1980

Pathological findings in one of two siblings with Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome.

The clinical features of 2 new cases of Sjögren-Larsson syndrome are described. Histopathological examination of the skin in 1 of the cases revealed an ichthyosis vulgaris, which does not agree with the clinical and genetic classification. In the same case, a neuroblastoma was the cause of death, and neuropathological examination showed a symmetrical demyelination of some ascending and descending long tracts in the medulla and spinal cord.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Immunologic dysfunction in Sickle cell anaemia.

Selected cellular immune parameters were studied in 20 patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). A moderate absolute lymphocytes was observed in SCA patients compared with the control group. There was no significant difference between patients and controls in the mean E-rosette percentage and absolute number. PHA transformation was decreased in 50% of SCA patients, and some of them showed cutaneous anergy. It was suggested that imparied cell-mediated immunity is another factor to be included among defective SCA host-defense mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Cerebral cortex dendritic degeneration in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE).

Biopsy fragments from the frontal cortex of three patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) were studied by light- and electronmicroscopy. Special attention was given to the neuropil. Electron-dense degenerating dendrites were observed in all cortical layers, more abundantly in layers. I, II, and III. Mitochondria, with electron-dense deposits between disrupted cristae, were often recognized within these dendrites. The deposits were enzymatically extracted by pronase. These findings are in keeping with recent alterations found in dendrites of patients with other cerebral disorders, and they may be related to the mental changes seen in SSPE.

Adolescent↗