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Biomedical subjects

C Cox

Publications and source records attributed to C Cox.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Serial multiple-site biopsies in patients with bladder cancer.

A prospective study was done on 52 patients with bladder cancer to determine the incidence of atypia, carcinoma in situ and carcinoma in selected site biopsies from normal-appearing mucosa at the time of initial and subsequent endoscopy. Biopsies at initial endoscopy revealed abnormalities in 33 per cent of the patients, while 77 per cent of 43 patients undergoing 3-month selected site biopsies had at least 1 abnormal biopsy during a 1-year period.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Laboratory and clinical effects of the infusion of ACD solution during plateletpheresis.

Transfusion of massive amounts of citrate anticoagulated blood during plateletpheresis with the intermittent flow centrifuge can produce symptoms and electrocardiographic changes suggestive of hypocalcemia. Following 15 procedures the ionized calcium decreased by an average of 32.4%, the average postpheresis serum citrate was 26.7 mg/dl and the QT interval was prolonged by 0.08 sec. Twelve plateletphereses performed with half-strength ACD solution caused an average decrease in ionized calcium of 16%, serum citrate levels of 12.5 mg/dl and QT prolongation of 0.04 sec. No donors experienced significant clinical symptoms with citrate infusion rates of less than 65 mg/kg/h. Solutions with citrate concentrations lower than ACD-A should be developed for use in plateletpheresis procedures involving citrate infusion rates greater than this.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mechanism for calcium urolithiasis among patients with hyperuricosuria: supersaturation of urine with respect to monosodium urate.

Since monosodium urate (NaU) may play an important etiologic role in the formation of renal stones containing Ca in patients with hyperuricosuria, the current studies were undertaken to define some of the physiocochemical factors which determine the formation of NaU. In solutions containing Na, uric acid was rapidly transformed to NaU at pH greater than 6. The results indicated that NaU, and not uric acid, was the stable phase above this pH. A reliable and simple method for the calculation of the state of saturation of urine with respect to NaU was developed from the ratio of concentration products of Na and total dissolved urate (Upi) in the ambient fluid before and after incubation of urine with synthetic NaU. The concentration product ratio closely approximated the ratio of activity products of Na+ and acid urate ion. In contrast, the relative saturation ratio, or the ratio of activity product of original sample and the thermodynamic solubility product of NaU, often differed from the activity product ratio in the individual urine samples. With the concentration product rate, it was found in 45 urine samples that a critical determinant for the supersaturated state with respect to NaU was the high concentration of UT. At UT greater than 300 mg/liter, urine samples were invariably supersaturated with respect to NaU. These results suggest that the nidus of NaU could potentially form in the urine of patients with hyperuricosuria and Ca stones.

Calcium↗
PubMed1976

Silver nitrate irrigation to control bladder hemorrhage in children receiving cancer therapy.

Silver nitrate irrigations after cystoscopic evacuation of clots stopped intractable hemorrhage from the bladder in 8 of 9 children who had received cyclophosphamide and/or pelvic irradiation for various malignant diseases. This method of management produces fewer adverse side effects yet appears to be as effective as the more drastic measures of control, such as cystectomy or colocystoplasty.

Cautery↗
PubMed1976

Defective cell-mediated immunity in carcinoma of the prostate.

Cell-mediated immunity was assayed in 18 patients with a histologic diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate and in 10 control patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. In vivo cell-mediated response was assayed by intradermal skin testing to a battery of five delayed hypersensitivity antigens. In vitro cell-mediated immunity was studied by lymphocyte transformation using both heterologous and autologous "serums" and nonimmune rosette formation. Lymphocyte transformation studies were carried out using both specific antigens (Dermatophyton and streptokinase-streptodornase) and a nonspecific mitogen (phytohemagglutinin). Nonimmune rosette formation was performed under numerous temperature ranges. A defect in cell-mediated immunity was found in patients with carcinoma of the prostate. Skin tests demonstrated a significantly increased incidence of energy in cancer patients. Mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation was significantly depressed when autologous serum from patients with carcinoma of the prostate was utilized in the procedure. It is concluded that defect in cell-mediated immunity does exist in patients with carcinoma of the prostate. This defect is expressed in vivo and in vitro and seems to be mediated by a serum factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Synthesis and biological activities of some N6-(nitro- and -aminobenzyl)adenosines.

Synthesis and biological activities of 12 analogs of N6-benzyladenosine are described. The compounds were prepared by two methods: (1) direct alkylation of adenosine with an appropriately substituted benzyl bromide to give the N1-substituted derivative which was then rearranged in base to give the N6-substituted compound, and (2) by nucleophilic displacement of chlorine in 6-chloropurine ribonucleoside, 6-chloro-2-aminopurine ribonucleoside, and 6-chloro-2-aminopurine with an amine. These analogs were examined for their growth inhibitory effect in cultured leukemic cells and also for their effect on adenosine aminohydrolase activity. N6-p-Nitrobenzyladenosine and its 2'-deoxy analog were competitive inhibitors (K1 65, 22 MUM). The 2-amino-N6-p-nitrobenzyladenine and its ribonucleoside were found to be noncompetitive inhibitors of adenosine aminohydrolase. In cultured L1210 leukemia, 2-amino-6-p-nitrobenzylaminopurine and the corresponding ribonucleoside were better growth inhibitors than N6-benzyladenosine, while N6-p-nitrobenzyladenosine, its 2'-deoxy analog, and N6-p-fluorobenzyladenosine were as active as N6-benzyladenosine.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1975

Preoperative irradiation in renal cancer. Evaluation of radiation treatment plans.

1. Analysis of radiation treatment plans of a preoperative irradiation study of the kidney indicates that the primary cancer has been treated to levels of 4,500 rads plus or minus 10 per cent in 90 per cent of the instances. 2. The major problem, from the point of view of the radiation therapist's treatment planning, is the delivery of adequate doses to the regional nodal volume. Only 25 per cent received the prescribed dose. Special booster fields are required. 3. Surgical resection of regional lymph nodes and renal vein thrombus, if present, is recommended, since the deliverance of full radiation doses is not likely without exceeding tolerance of vital normal tissues.

Humans↗