Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Claussen

Publications and source records attributed to C Claussen.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Computer-tomography of the facial bones (part I). Demonstration of various structures and deeply placed regions (author's transl)].

Conventional diagnosis of facial structures by endoscopy and conventional tomography often meets with the following difficulties: 1. Deeply placed areas cannot be seen, or are only partly visible by endoscopy. 2. Conventional tomography produces a two-dimensional section of a three dimensional object which may be confused by out of focus tomographic shadows. Our first attempts at computer tomographic examination of the facial structures in 41 patients have shown that this technique, working with parallel rays and without confusing shadows, is able to provide an accurate morphological demonstration of various structures and organs in the facial region.

Facial Bones↗
PubMed1977

[Computerized tomography of the facial skeleton (part II). Pathological changes (author's transl)].

The value and main task of computerized tomography in the diagnosis of benign and malignant processes in the middle and upper facial skeleton lies in its accurate demonstration of the extent of the disease; this is important in relation to the planning of treatment, prognosis and to other complementary procedures. CT is a new and potent method for the TNM classification of tumours of the nose, paransal sinuses and nasal pharynx. The ability of the CT to demonstrate deeply situated structures in the face, without disturbing overlying shadows, makes precise staging of deep tumours possible, eg. stages T2-T4. The consequences in terms of pre-treatment TNM classification are discussed. In cases of fronto-basal fractures, the CT will show particularly trauma to the orbital contents, intracranial displacement of bone fragments and cerebral trauma with or without bleeding. Suspicion of orbital involvement by benign or malignant disease is a definite indication for a CT examination. As regards the middle and upper facial skeleton, computer tomography provides information of a morphological and quantitative nature and aids in the localisation of lesions. It should be properly integrated into the conventional clinical, endoscopic and tomographic methods employed in the diagnosis of lesions of the facial skeleton.

Facial Bones↗
PubMed1977

[Computertomography of the parotid gland (author's transl)].

In the first computer-tomographic investigations of the parotis epithelial and mesenchymal tumours histologically ascertained were examined as well as a sialadenitis. For the first time the non invasive computer-tomography allows to demonstrate directly the glandular body morphologically-quantitatively in the macroscopic area and topographically clear in the transverse tomogram. In the face of tumours of the lateral part of the gland, easily to access from the clinical diagnostic point of view, the computer-tomogram can improve pretherapeutically the differential diagnosis to a great extent by additional morphological-quantitative information about the macroscopic possibility to palpate the borders of a tumour, depth of expansion, and tissue structure, the mixed tumour, in particular, seems to have an absorption pattern relatively appropriate to computer-tomography as a result of its different tissue formation, calciferous histopathologic in part, often sealed off macroscopicly. The case observed displays a well-developed annular capsule structure with massive deposits of calciferous substance as a prominent computer-tomographic feature (histological: fibrohyaline capsule). The degree of correlation between the histopathologic and computer-tomographic appearance and its differential diagnostic value is to be checked by further investigation. The hidden tumours of the deep tissue parts, of the processus parapharyngeus, in particular, will be realized earlier by computer-tomography than by conventional diagnostic methods. In order to exclude deficiency symptoms of the nervus facialis a computer-tomography of the parotis is indicated in neurological and otological cases of doubt for a direct demonstration of the deep tissue part with processus parapharyngeus. By means of computer-tomography a growth of parotid tumours affecting other organs can be realized directly in the macroscopic area, and even in good time in the direction of the spatium parapharyngeum. In view of parotid tumour diagnosis orientated topographically and based on the TNM system computer-tomography makes a more exact realization of the T categories possible; therefore, a further subordination of the key of localisation for clinical trials is suggested.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1977

[CT in the diagnosis, treatment planning and follow-up in craniopharyngeoma (author's transl)].

The axial computed tomography of the skull has become an important part of the neuroradiologic diagnostics. The intracranial CT diagnosis is completed by the coronal sections which is used in particular in case of processes in the posterior cranial fossa and its differentiation of the supra- and infratentorial dimensions and in order to localize tumors in the sella region. The accurate determination of the tumor volume and the para-, supra-, and retrosellar dimensions makes possible an exact operation and irradiation planning. Solid, cystic and calcified tissues of the craniopharyngioma can be delimited. The quantitative evaluation by means of a computed tomogram of a tumor reduction obtained by surgery and irradiation with ultrahard X-rays (42 MV) with a target volume dose of about 5000 rd is illustrated by two examples. Under the above mentioned radiotherapeutic conditions, one partially resected craniopharyngioma with cystic, calcified and solid tissues showed a diminuation of the tumor volume of 60%, whereas the volume of a craniopharyngioma consisting of solid and calcified parts which had not been operated upon was reduced by about 40% two weeks after the end of the radiotherapy.

Child↗
PubMed1977

[Comparison of vaginal cytologic effects and blood elimination curves of different oestrogen drugs (author's transl)].

With different oral oestrogens it was studied, if relations are existing between pharmacokinetic and vaginal effect. By means of Karyopycnotic Index and Dynamic Oestrogenicity Index the cytological effect was quantified from a single dose of oestradiol valerianate, mestranol, ethinyloestradiol and 3 depot oestrogens proved on postmenopause women and compared with adequate pharmacocinetical investigations. The courses of oestrogen levels did not correlate with indices. Both methods of investigation do not compensate, but complete one another. Depotoestrogens and short acting oestrogens are distinguishable with regard to proliferation maxium and steepness of index decline.

Delayed-Action Preparations↗
PubMed1974

[Pharmacologic-endocrinological findings in animal experiments with TURISYNCHRON and SUISYNCHRON. 4. Analysis of residuals in pig carcasses].

Twelve groups of German Edelschwein were given the recommended dosage of metallibure zinc complex (SUISYNCHRON) or 5 and 10 times this dosage. Residues were determined in liver, muscle and fat of pigs killed 3-5 hours or 1,2,4,7 or 10 days after the end of administration. In agreement with report in the literature, the highest content was found in liver, followed by meat, with hardly any residues in fat. Taking into account the accuracy of the method of determination, significant residues were present in the liver of pigs given ten times the normal dosage and killed after 3-5 hours of 1 and 2 days, but in muscle only in those killed after 3-5 hours; the content in fat did not differ significantly from that of the untreated controls.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computer tomographic evaluation of the lumbar syndrome in the degeneratively changed lumbar spine].

Computed axial tomograms of the lumbar spine of 318 patients suffering from "sciatica" were studied retrospectively. In 66% of these substantial evidence of degenerative disease of the spine was present. This condition, if severe, may produce confusing scan data and consequently complicate the diagnosis of disc herniation. The phenomenon of posterior hypertrophic osteophyte formation being associated with disc herniation is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lesions of skull base observed on high resolution computed tomography. A comparison with magnetic resonance imaging.

Forty patients with tumors involving the skull base were selected on the basis of findings at high resolution computed tomography (CT). The reliability of demonstrating bony lesions with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT were compared. CT showed osseous lesions of the skull base better than MRI but was less sensitive in evaluating an associated inflammatory reaction or in defining intracerebral infiltration. Small cortical lesions were only demonstrable with CT. MRI was superior in defining the full extent of soft tissue infiltration. Arterial encasement was observed at MRI. The special advantage of Gd-DTPA lies in the additional possibility to differentiate vessels from tumor-like lesions and in en plaque tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gadolinium-DTPA in MR imaging of glioblastomas and intracranial metastases.

In 14 patients with the diagnosis of glioblastoma (n = 7) or intracranial metastases (n = 7), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed using a variety of spin-echo (SE) pulse sequences before and after intravenous injection of 0.1 mmol gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) per kilogram of body weight. In 10 patients, tumor tissue could not be adequately differentiated from perifocal edema on unenhanced scans with any of the applied pulse sequences. In four cases of intracranial metastases, poor differentiation between tumor and perifocal edema was possible in T2-weighted (SE 1600/70 and SE 1600/105) unenhanced scans. After administration of Gd-DTPA, tumor tissue showed marked contrast enhancement, and tumor delineation was consistently possible on SE 800/35 images. Tumor tissue could be differentiated from perifocal edema on SE 800/70 scans. Gd-DTPA is likely to increase the potential of MR imaging and refine the evaluation of glioblastomas and intracerebral metastases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gadolinium-DTPA: a new contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging.

Gd-DTPA-dimeglumine is a new contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. Its safety and efficacy in man were evaluated in 20 volunteers and 60 patients. For determination of tolerance of Gd-DTPA, blood and urine samples were taken and blood pressure, pulse rate, and ECG were recorded before and after injection. The results of these analyses showed no clinically relevant changes. In MR imaging of intracranial lesions Gd-DTPA serves as an indicator of function or disfunction of the blood-brain-barrier, because its pharmacokinetic behavior is very similar to that of urographic iodinated contrast media used now for X-ray CT. And so by using Gd-DTPA it is possible to differentiate between neoplastic tissue and perifocal edema, to determine the extension of tumor infiltration, and to detect tumor recurrence.

Contrast Media↗