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Biomedical subjects

C Christensen

Publications and source records attributed to C Christensen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Recidivism among high risk youths: a 2 1/2-year follow-up of a cohort of juvenile detainees.

We report some results from a longitudinal study of juvenile detainees. Analyses were directed toward determining whether the youths' alcohol or other drug use and their emotional/psychological problems at entry into the detention center predicted subsequent arrests for new offenses during the 24 and 30 months following their initial interviews. Statistically significant relationships were found between the youths' demographic characteristics (age, race, gender), referral history, reason for placement in the detention center, cocaine use (as measured by urinalysis), and recidivism. The magnitude of these relationships increased with the length of the follow-up period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Arteriovenous fistula complicating lumbar disc surgery. Case report.

Arteriovenous fistula is a rare complication of lumbar disc surgery. The diagnosis is often delayed and the condition erroneously treated as deep venous thrombosis, because of primary leg swelling. A case is presented in which the diagnosis was confirmed 18 months after a second lumbar disc operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The somatostatin analog SMS 201-995 in long-term treatment of vipoma].

The definitive treatment of a pancreatic tumour secreting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is surgical removal of the tumour, but when curative resection is not possible symptomatic treatment of the endocrine hyperfunction is important. Streptozotozin, although relative effective for palliation, may involve unpleasant side effects. A review of the literature and a case report with long-term use of subcutaneous somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in an elderly woman presenting with severe watery diarrhoea due to a pancreative vipoma is presented. Good symptomatic improvement was achieved with no side effects apart from tachyphylaxy to some extent over a period of 12 months. It is suggested that there is a use for subcutaneous SMS 201-995 in elderly patients with inoperable pancreatic gut hormone producing tumours with metastasis and in those in whom surgery would involve a high operative risk. Two cases are presented, where SMS 201-995 resulted in shrinkage of tumour and metastases.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Hypothermia. Physiopathology, clinical picture and treatment].

Hypothermia is defined as a lowering of core body temperature to 35 degrees C or below. Hypothermia may be advantageous in connexion with cardiac surgery or it may be fatal in connexion with accidental hypothermia. Accidental hypothermia is a problem which may be underestimated because of limited awareness. Severe hypothermia occurs when the body temperature falls below 28 degrees C. The patient may be unconscious, with such severely depressed vital signs that he appears to be dead. All such patients should undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation in addition to rewarming, because reliable determination of death is nearly impossible without the restoration of adequate cardiovascular support, maintaining serum acid base balance, arterial oxygenation and intravascular volume levels within appropriate physiological ranges. Three controversial issues in connexion with treatment of the hypothermic patient are reviewed. These are correction of blood gas analyses, the phenomenon of afterdrop and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1990

[Meningococcal infection and arthritis].

Arthritic manifestations in patients with meningococcal disease are of varied pathogenesis. Four different pathogenic mechanisms may be involved. Direct bacterial invasion of the synovium and multiplication within the joint (septic arthritis); hypersensitivity reaction or allergic arthritis; intra- or periarticular hemorrhage (hemarthrosis) and iatrogen causes, i.e. reaction to antimicrobial agents, serum therapy etc. Four distinct clinical forms have been described: The septic, culture-positive polyarthritis is seen early in the course of the disease. The sterile "non-infectious" or allergic mono- or oligo arthritis are seen later in the course. Primary meningococcal arthritis. Arthritis may be seen in relation to chronic meningococcemia. Treatment consists primarily of specific antimeningococcal chemotherapy, viz penicillin and non-steroid-anti-inflammatory drugs. The prognosis of meningococcal arthritis is excellent and joint sequelae are rare. Predisposing factors in relation to meningococcal disease are reviewed. The most important are socioeconomic conditions, acute respiratory illness, particularly in relation to age as children less than two years are most susceptible, passive smoking, IgA blocking antibodies, the concentration of complement factors C3, C6, C7, C8, and IgG2-defects.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1990

[Intra-atrial ECG].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy of the metastatic survey in the staging of gestational trophoblastic disease.

Between 1965 and 1987, 190 patients with nonmetastatic and 134 patients with metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) underwent initial metastatic survey at the Southeastern Regional Trophoblastic Disease Center (Durham, NC). These patients were evaluated for characteristics which might predict the presence of high-risk metastases before a full radiographic survey was obtained. Minimal staging evaluation of all patients included history and examination, quantitative HCG level by beta-subunit radioimmunoassay, chest radiograph, and evaluation for brain and liver metastases with radionuclide or computed tomography (CT) scans. Seventeen patients had high-risk sites of metastases (i.e., those outside lungs, vagina, or pelvis). Characteristics were identified which might predict high-risk metastases: (1) all had metastases in lungs or vagina; (2) 13 of 17 (76%) had at least one other high risk factor (i.e., beta-HCG titer greater than 40,000 mIU/ml, greater than 4 months since onset of symptoms or antecedent term pregnancy; and (3) 15 of 17 (88%) had obvious symptoms or signs related to high-risk metastasis. The authors then evaluated these criteria to identify high-risk metastasis: (1) asymptomatic patients with GTD are screened for therapy with history and physical examination, HCG level, and chest radiograph or CT of the lungs; and (2) further radiographic imaging is used only for patients with signs or symptoms of high-risk metastases, identifiable lung or pelvic metastases, or other high-risk clinical factors. Using this criteria, patients with high-risk metastases were identified with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 63%. Approximately 60% of patients did not require further radiographic evaluation.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

[Nephrotoxic side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents].

The increasing popularity of non-steroid anti-flammatory drugs has led to the recognition that these agents are capable of producing several distinct clinical syndromes, of which the most important is renal insufficiency caused by prostaglandin synthesis inhibition and drug associated interstitial nephritis. More rare symptoms are hyperkalemia, sodium- and water retention and anaphylaxis. The possible pathogenic mechanisms are reviewed. Patients, treated with NSAID should have renal function check before and during treatment, so that the drug may be stopped immediately if renal function decreases.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1990

Bradycardia as a side-effect to oxybuprocaine.

Sinus bradycardia was observed as a side-effect to the use of 0.4% oxybuprocaine eye-drops in a 48-year-old man with acute conjunctivitis. Blood pressure was not measurable during the episode.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1990

Adenomatoid tumors of the uterus.

The Adenomatoid Tumour is a rare benign neoplasm of the male and female genital tract. In the female it is seen with equal frequency in the uterus and the Fallopian tubes. In rare cases it is described in the ovarian and paraovarian connective tissue. In the uterus, AT is usually located in the cornual region, and its size usually varies between 0.5 and 2.0 cm in at its greatest dimension. The histogenesis of the AT is still a controversial subject, but the growing body of evidence now seems to favour a mesothelial origin. There is a frequent association between AT and leiomyomas in the uterus, with a variation between 56% and 80%. The treatment of the AT is simple excision of the tumour, if the uterus is not going to be removed for other reasons. Follow-up examinations of patients, who have undergone surgery for an AT have never, even over a period of up to 22 years, revealed recurrences and "malignant degeneration" is extremely rare.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Survey at urban college indicates compliance.

While the emergence of AIDS and associated barrier controls has impacted on dental practice, little inquiry has been undertaken to explore changes in clinical teaching. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine if any changes in teaching behavior have occurred, and 2) to explore attitudes of clinical faculty concerning controls. A questionnaire was sent to all clinical faculty at an urban college of dentistry. Most faculty reported being aware of and complying with control protocols. Although the majority of respondents (62 percent) reported spending the same amount of time with students and patients before and after barrier controls, a substantial number reported spending more time with students and patients implementing control techniques and less time in physical contact with patients and demonstrating dental procedures. The majority of the faculty felt the college's barrier controls were about right, although some recommended specific additions and deletions. Attitudinal responses were quite varied and often emotional, ranging from "No matter what we do, it can never be enough" to "It's ridiculous."

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Bronchial asthma and pregnancy].

In pregnancy complicated by asthma, the greatest risk to the fetus is severe and uncontrolled bronchospasm resulting in hypoxia. For this reason, the priority in management of the pregnant asthmatic should be effective control of the asthmatic symptoms. In general, the management of the pregnant asthmatic does not differ from that of the non-pregnant patient. Virtually none of the commonly used asthma medications are totally contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation if their use is justified by the severity of the asthma in pregnancy. Avoiding of recently introduced drugs, for which safety in pregnancy has not been adequately established, and using an inhaled route in preference to the oral route of administration are recommended.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1989

[Ventricular pseudoaneurysm after acute myocardial infarction].

Left ventricular aneurysm is a common complication of myocardial infarction. The most common type of aneurysm is a true aneurysm which forms after transmural infarction by gradual thinning and expanding of the scarred left ventricular wall. Its distinctive features are that of a large-mouthed sac containing all layers of ventricular wall. A rare type of aneurysm is the "false" or pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle that develops from rupture of recently infarcted myocardial wall forming a localized haemopericardium confined by parietal pericardium. Pathologically, there is a small narrow-necked channel connecting the ventricle with a large sac consisting of only clot and fibrous pericardial tissue without any myocardial elements. Pseudoaneurysms are distinguished from the true variety by their marked tendency to rupture. Because surgical repair of a pseudoaneurysm is often successful, it is important to make the diagnosis of this entity as early as possible. Two-dimensional echocardiography in combination with Doppler-flow is the mainstay of clinical diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Dental esthetic satisfaction in adults.

This study determined the influence of teeth, mouth, and face on self-image and personal esthetic satisfaction in adults. A random sample of 125 patients completed a five-item questionnaire about personal esthetic satisfaction and oral self-image. As a group, general dental variables were stronger predictors of esthetic satisfaction than orthodontic variables (P less than .01). Discrepancies between clinical findings and patterns of self-perception and satisfaction suggest the dentist and patient should plan together for esthetic dental treatment.

Adolescent↗