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Biomedical subjects

C Charpin

Publications and source records attributed to C Charpin.

125 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Enteropathy due to clofazimine treatment. A case report with an ultrastructural study].

The authors report a case of enteropathy due to clofazimine treatment for prurigo nodularis. The drug usually restricted to the treatment of leprosy has sometime been given to patients suffering from skin diseases because of its assumed anti-inflammatory effects. When high dosage of clofazimine treatment is carried on during a long period, and drug accumulates in the tissues and precipitates as a solid. This crystal storage in the lamina propria of the jejunal mucosa and in the mesenteric lymph nodes accounts for an enteropathy, sometime severe but slowly regressing after drug withdrawal. The electron microscopic study shows the prints of these crystals in autophagic vacuoles of histiocytes.

Clofazimine↗
PubMed1979

[Immunocytochemical similarities between basophilic and chromophobe pituitary adenomas. Light and electron microscopic study of 13 cases (author's transl)].

ACTH, beta MSH, beta LPH, beta endorpSin, leucine and methionine enkephalin activities were tested in four Cushing pituitary basophilic adenomas and nine "chromophobe" adenomas with immunoperoxidase methods. The antisera gave various positive reactions in both of these groups. ACTH, alpha MSH and enkephalins were predominant. The reason why these hormones are clinically silent in "chromophobe" or, even, basophilic adenomas is still to be elucidated.

Adenoma, Basophil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Desmoid tumour of the breast.

We describe the clinical and pathological features of a case of desmoid tumour of the breast. The lesion was approximately 3.0 cm in greatest dimension. Histologically, it had infiltrating borders and extended to the pectoral muscle. The differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Between efficiency and toxicity: the case of a patient improved by lithium who developed iatrogenic nephropathy].

Although almost fifteen cases have been reported since 1970, renal failure during a long term lithium therapy remains in the epidemiologic studies a rare pathology. Lithium treatment side effects can be considered in term of morphologic damages or in terms of kidney physiology impairments in filtration or concentration. For example it has long been known that lithium generates polyuria which results from an induced nephrotic diabetes insipidus (NDI). Fortunately most of these common impairments are reversible without any alarming or starting consequences. Moreover histological injures may also occur such as interstitial fibrosis, sclerotic glomeruli, tubular atrophy or dilatation ... whose evidence still raises some controversy concerning their incidence and specificity. We report here the case of a Bipolar I patient stabilized for at least fifteen years with lithium at a high level of social and professional life, in whom renal failure was found with tubular damage. This injury correlated to the lithium therapy even if always controlled at a normal rate during fifteen years, forced us to withdraw this treatment and switch to valproate. Is our goal to protect the renal function against the patient wishes totally justified since he relapsed in hypomania 63 days after the drop out? We had to choose between renal preservation and mental health.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

X-raying of sliced surgical specimens during surgery: an improvement of the histological diagnosis of impalpable breast lesions with microcalfications.

Surgical specimens, from 78 patients operated for impalpable breast lesions containing microcalcifications detected on mammographs (breast cancer screening program) were systematically examined by a pathologist during the surgical intervention. The per-operative procedures encompassed (i) X-raying of the unfixed specimens to ascertain that the latter did enclose the screened lesion, (ii) slicing and subsequent X-raying of the specimens slices in order to locate the microcalcifications, (iii) histological evaluation of areas containing the microcalcifications on frozen sections. Thirty-two of the lesions were histologically benign, 55% were malignant and 13% borderline. Forty of the carcinomas were in situ and 60% were invasive. The per-operative histological diagnosis was correct in 65% of the case, erroneous in 10% and uncertain in 25%. Malignancy was never overscored. In 65% of the carcinomas diagnosed during the surgical intervention, the in sano margins excision and axillary lymph node removal could be performed (one stage surgical treatment). These results suggest that X-raying of sliced specimens and histological evaluation during the surgical intervention ascertains that lesions screened by mammographs are effectively and completely removed, and that they are precisely and extensively histologically examined after being identified and located.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inflammatory breast carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study using monoclonal anti-pHER-2/neu, pS2, cathepsin, ER and PR.

Immunocytochemical assays were performed on frozen sections of inflammatory breast carcinomas (n = 22) using the following monoclonal antibodies (MoAb): anti-pHER2/neu, cathepsin, pS2, ER, PR and MoAb Ki67. The distribution of these proteins, known as prognostic indicators, was evaluated with an image analysis system (SAMBA, Alcatel TITN, France). On standard HE stained paraffin sections, only about 50% of inflammatory breast tumors exhibited intradermal tumor cell emboli. All tumors were strongly pHER/2neu positive. All tumors also, but to a lesser degree, were cathepsin and ki67 positive. Conversely, less than 40% were faintly ER, PR and pS2 immunoreactive. The results correlated with the high degree of malignancy of inflammatory breast carcinomas. Therefore the immuno-detection of these markers in addition to standard histological techniques appears to be a useful tool to evaluate the degree of malignancy of breast carcinomas.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monoclonal antibody 83D4 immunoreactivity in human tissues: cellular distribution and microcytophotometric analysis of immunoprecipitates on tissue sections.

Immunocytochemical assays were performed on cell cultures as well as on a wide range of human tissues using a monoclonal antibody, MAb 83D4, produced by a murine hybridoma generated by immunization with a cell suspension from a paraffin block of human breast carcinoma tissue. Frozen breast tissue samples (n = 49) were compared to fixed and paraffin-embedded samples (n = 62). Paraffin sections (n = 194) from a variety of human tissues were compared to breast immunoreactivity. Immunoprecipitates, resulting from positive reactions between 83D4 and Avidin Biotin Peroxidase, were evaluated by computer-assisted microcytophotometry (SAMBA). In some frozen breast samples (n = 27), 83D4 antigen distribution was correlated with tumor cell DNA index, ploidy balance, growth fraction (Ki67), hormone receptor (ER, PR) antigenic sites, NORsAg and oncoprotein pHER-2/neu cell content. MAb 83D4 reacted with 3 breast cancer cells lines (MCF7, T47D and H466B) but not with normal epithelial breast cells in culture. The immunostaining in frozen paraffin sections from breast were similar. Like most normal tissues, normal breast did not react with 83D4. Cellular MAb 83D4 antigen concentration increases with the degree of malignancy but is independent of DNA nuclear content, ER, PR, growth fraction and pHER-2neu in cancers. These results suggested that routine immunohistochemical procedures using MAb 83D4 could facilitate the grading of breast cancer, in particular by allowing detection of microvascular invasions in the breast as well as at a distance and of blood-born micrometastases, especially in bone marrow.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mos oncogene expression in human ovarian tumors.

The expression of the mos proto-oncogene was investigated in frozen sections from 15 ovarian adenocarcinomas, 1 seminoma, 1 immature teratoma and 2 benign stromal tumors by in situ RNA/RNA hybridization with a [35S] labeled mos probe. The presence of mos transcripts was detected in one germ cell tumor and three ovarian carcinomas. The putative role of the mos proto-oncogene activation is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunohistochemical detection of calcitonin, ACTH, beta-MSH, beta-endorphin and somatostatin in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Immunoperoxidase study (PAP, ABC) of 10 cases].

Ten cases of Medullary carcinoma of Thyroid gland (MCT) were examined (two familial, eight sporadic) in patients with increased serum calcitonin levels and ranging age from 31 to 87 years. Immunocytochemical reactions were performed using Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase (PAP) complex and/or Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase complex (ABC) by light microscopy on fixed tumorous specimens (10 cases) and additionally by electron microscopy (3 cases). The tumors displayed light microscopic features typical of MCT. The cells were polyhedral, angular or fusiform and showed high affinity for Grimelius stain. Large deposits of amyloid were Congo red stained and disclosed a green birefringence in polarized light. In the familial cases sections of non-tumorous thyroid tissue showed C cell hyperplasia. Electron microscopic studies revealed intracytoplasmic secretory granules and amyloid fibrils. The immunoperoxidase technique demonstrated calcitonin in the tumor cells in all the cases, with a weaker staining than in para-and intra-follicular C cells of adjacent non tumorous tissue and than in C cells hyperplasia foci, when present. Immunoreactive tumor cells were also observed with anti SRIF in 4 cases, with anti-ACTH and anti-beta MSH in 3 cases, and with anti-beta endorphin in 2 cases. These results are discussed with a review of the literature.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunodetection of HER-2/neu protein in frozen sections evaluated by image analysis: correlation with overall and disease-free survival in breast carcinomas.

The immunodetection of HER-2/neu oncogene product was performed in 108 breast carcinomas using immunoperoxidase technique. Monoclonal anti HER-2/neu protein was applied on frozen sections. Immunoprecipitates were evaluated by a computerized system of image analysis (SAMBA). The percentage of the immunostained tissue surfaces and mean optical densities were correlated with the 5 year overall and disease-free survival rates. It was shown that in optimal conditions of antigen preservation and standardized method of immunoprecipitates evaluation, 67% of breast carcinomas were more than 20% pHER-2/neu positive. The pHER-2/neu overexpression was not significantly correlated with the overall 5 year survival. However large positive anti pHER-2/neu surfaces were correlated with higher risk of recurrence (p = 0.0013) and of metastases (p = 0.035).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The endometrium under the effects of hormone replacement therapy in menopause with percutaneous estradiol and low-dose micronized progesterone].

AIM: The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of a new combined association of percutaneous estradiol with oral micronized progesterone during 25 days/month and to confirm that a low dose of progesterone (100 mg/day) can adequately counteract endometrial proliferation induced by estradiol. METHODS: 78 endometrial tissue samples were obtained in a multicenter study on the effects of hormonal replacement therapy of the menopause. Endometrial biopsies were performed on average at the 6.6 month of the hormonal substitution (range: 5-13 months) after 12 days minimum exposure to progesterone. The morphological evaluation was performed blindly. RESULTS: All endometria are only slightly developed, without hyperplasia. Four groups were individualized: subatrophic endometrium (3), quiescent endometrium (48), slightly active endometrium (18), and endometrium with marginal secretion (6). Rare mitosis images have only been found in slightly active endometria. Their number is always very much below the normal proliferative phase with only 3 cases between less than 3 and 6 mitoses per 1000 glandular epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: A low micronized progesterone dose (100 mg/day) over a long period (25 days per month) allows to efficiently control the estrogen-induced endometrial proliferation. This adequate endometrial response is responsible for a high incidence of amenorrhea, often asked by patients, and for rare spottings.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the prognostic significance of current and modified histological grades in breast carcinomas.

Paraffin sections of 185 breast carcinomas were reexamined in order to compare the current SBR histoprognostic grade (SBR) with to modified methods of grading recently proposed by two groups, Le Doussal et al (MSBR) and Elston et al (SBR-Elston). In each tumor, the SBR, MSBR, SBR-Elston, and each of their components were correlated with recurrence, metastases and survival rates (follow up 7 to 96 months, m = 52, SD = 19) (Kaplan-Meier test). The Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) was computed for each patient, the histological type reevaluated and both were also correlated with the patient follow up. Our results show that the three methods of grading were significantly (p < 0.0001) correlated. The three grades, were significantly correlated with metastases and survival, but not with the recurrence rates. The differentiation, the nuclear pleomorphism and the mitoses count also correlated with the metastases rate and overall survival but the mitoses number appeared to be a stronger prognostic indicator. The MSBR grading made it possible to refine the prognostic of the tumors usually scored as SBR grade 2. The NPI significantly correlated with metastases and survival (p < 0.0001), whereas the histological types were found to have no prognostic significance.

Adult↗